Intranasal kisspeptin administration rapidly stimulates gonadotropin release in humans

EBioMedicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 115, P. 105689 - 105689

Published: April 11, 2025

Language: Английский

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Shared Lineage, Distinct Outcomes: Yap and Taz Loss Differentially Impact Schwann and Olfactory Ensheathing Cell Development Without Disrupting GnRH-1 Migration

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 17, 2025

Abstract Olfactory Ensheathing Cells (OECs) are glial cells originating from the neural crest, critical for bundling olfactory axons to brain. Their development is crucial migration of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone-1 (GnRH-1) neurons, which essential puberty and fertility. OECs have garnered interest as potential therapeutic targets central nervous system lesions, although their not fully understood. Our single-cell RNA sequencing mouse embryonic nasal tissues suggests that Schwann share a common origin cell precursors yet exhibit significant genetic differences. The transcription factors Yap Taz previously been shown play role in development. We used Sox10 -Cre mice conditionally ablate migrating crest its derivatives. analyses showed reduced Sox10+ along nerves region, altered gene expression SCs, melanocytes, OECs, reduction sensory neurons vascularization vomeronasal organ. However, despite these changes, GnRH-1 neuronal remained unaffected. findings highlight importance Hippo pathway OEC how changes cranial derivatives indirectly impact epithelia.

Language: Английский

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Smelling TNT: Trends of the Terminal Nerve

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(7), P. 3920 - 3920

Published: March 31, 2024

There is very little knowledge regarding the terminal nerve, from its implications in involvement and pathogenesis of certain conditions, to embryological origin. With this review, we try summarize most important evidence on aiming clarify anatomy various functions attributed it, better interpret potential pathological processes. Recent studies have also suggested role control human reproductive behaviors. It has been hypothesized that it plays a unconscious perception specific odors influence autonomic hormonal systems through hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis. We used PubMed database found different articles which were then selected independently by three authors. 166 articles, which, after careful selection, only 21 analyzed. The nerve was always thought be unimportant our body. well studied types animals, but few completed humans. For reason, function remains unknown. Studies suggest possible implication olfaction due anatomical proximity with olfactive nerve. Others more reproduction sexual New emerging information suggests Kallmann syndrome COVID-19.

Language: Английский

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Kallmann Syndrome - causes, symptoms, treatment - review of literature

Quality in Sport, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21, P. 54089 - 54089

Published: Aug. 26, 2024

Background: Kallmann syndrome is a rare congenital disorder characterized by hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and anosmia or hyposmia. KS results from abnormalities in the migration of GnRH neurons nasal placode to hypothalamus. The prevalence estimated be approximately 1:30,000 males 1:125,000 females. manifests at various stages life, ranging neonatal period through adolescence adulthood. In period, boys may present with cryptorchidism micropenis, while symptoms girls less apparent. During adolescence, patients often experience absence incomplete development secondary sexual characteristics. adulthood, leads infertility, cardiovascular issues, neurological symptoms. Diagnostic methods include olfactory tests hormonal analysis, assessing levels gonadotropins, testosterone, LH FSH. MRI can reveal structural system. Aim study: goal this article was gather information about syndrome, focusing on its epidemiology, etiology, characteristic features, treatment strategies. Materials Methods: A review literature available “PubMed”, Google Scholar Medline databases. search performed using following keywords: “kallmann syndrome”, “anosmia”, hypogonadism”. Results conclusions: complex condition that necessitates multifaceted approach diagnosis treatment. Early identification crucial, allowing for timely initiation appropriate therapy psychological support, which significantly improves quality life patients. Further research into genetic neurobiological mechanisms essential more effective therapeutic diagnostic methods.

Language: Английский

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Seven-tesla magnetic resonance imaging of the nervus terminalis, olfactory tracts, and olfactory bulbs in COVID-19 patients with anosmia and hypogeusia

Frontiers in Radiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

Introduction Linking olfactory epithelium to the central nervous system are cranial nerve 1, nerve, and “0,” nervus terminalis (NT). Since there is minimal expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2) in it unclear how SARS-CoV-2 causes anosmia (loss smell) hypogeusia (reduction taste). In animal models, NT expresses ACE-2 receptors, suggesting a possible viral entry site humans. The purpose this study was determine whether ultra-high-field 7 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) could visualize NT, bulbs (OB), tract (OT) healthy controls COVID-19 or qualitatively assess for volume loss T2 alterations. Methods study, MRI used evaluate brain regions 45 patients 29 controls. Neuroimaging assessed by four board-certified neuroradiologists who were blinded outcome assignments: presence absence NT; OB, OT, loss; altered signal, white matter hyperintensities, microhemorrhages, enlarged perivascular spaces, brainstem involvement. Results identifiable all hyperintensity OT with statistically significant compared without hypogeusia. Discussion On MRI, radiographically identifiable, adjacent OB OT. hypogeusia, may be potential SARs-CoV-2 play role pathophysiology anosmia.

Language: Английский

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Meet Our Editorial Board—Genesis. An Interview With Paolo E. Forni, University at Albany, State University of New York, New York, USA

genesis, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 62(6)

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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