Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles (MISEV2023): From basic to advanced approaches

Journal of Extracellular Vesicles, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), through their complex cargo, can reflect the state of cell origin and change functions phenotypes other cells. These features indicate strong biomarker therapeutic potential have generated broad interest, as evidenced by steady year-on-year increase in numbers scientific publications about EVs. Important advances been made EV metrology understanding applying biology. However, hurdles remain to realising EVs domains ranging from basic biology clinical applications due challenges nomenclature, separation non-vesicular extracellular particles, characterisation functional studies. To address opportunities this rapidly evolving field, International Society for Vesicles (ISEV) updates its 'Minimal Information Studies Vesicles', which was first published 2014 then 2018 MISEV2014 MISEV2018, respectively. The goal current document, MISEV2023, is provide researchers with an updated snapshot available approaches advantages limitations production, multiple sources, including culture, body fluids solid tissues. In addition presenting latest art principles research, document also covers advanced techniques that are currently expanding boundaries field. MISEV2023 includes new sections on release uptake a brief discussion vivo study Compiling feedback ISEV expert task forces more than 1000 researchers, conveys research facilitate robust discoveries move field forward even rapidly.

Language: Английский

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Identification of storage conditions stabilizing extracellular vesicles preparations

Journal of Extracellular Vesicles, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(6)

Published: June 1, 2022

Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a key role in many physiological and pathophysiological processes hold great potential for therapeutic diagnostic use. Despite significant advances within the last decade, issue of EV storage stability remains unresolved under investigated. Here, we aimed to identify conditions stabilizing EVs comprehensively compared impact various buffer formulations at different temperatures on derived from cellular sources up 2 years. features including concentration, diameter, surface protein profile nucleic acid contents were assessed by complementary methods, engineered containing fluorophores or functionalized proteins utilized compare uptake ligand binding. We show that storing PBS over time leads drastically reduced recovery particularly pure samples all tested, starting already days. further report using as diluent was found result severely rates minutes. Several tested new largely prevented observed effects, lead candidate being supplemented with human albumin trehalose (PBS‐HAT). PBS‐HAT facilitates clearly improved short‐term long‐term preservation stored ‐80°C, throughout several freeze‐thaw cycles, when downstream applications.

Language: Английский

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The impact of storage on extracellular vesicles: A systematic study

Journal of Extracellular Vesicles, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(2)

Published: Jan. 31, 2022

Abstract Mounting evidence suggests that storage has an impact on extracellular vesicles (EVs) properties. While −80°C is a widespread approach, some authors proposed improved strategies with conflicting results. Here, we designed systematic study to assess the of and freeze‐thaw cycles EVs. We tested differences among eight investigated possible fusion phenomena occurring during storage. EVs were collected from human plasma murine microglia culture by size exclusion chromatography ultracentrifugation, respectively. The analysis included: concentration, zeta potential (tunable resistive pulse sensing), contaminant protein assessment; flow cytometry for two single fluorescent‐tagged populations (GFP mCherry), mixed before preservation. found reduces concentration sample purity in time‐dependent manner. Furthermore, it increases particle variability modifies potential, shift size‐charge plots. None conditions prevented observed effects. Freeze‐thaw lead reduction after first cycle cycle‐dependent increase size. With cytometry, storage, significant population double‐positive + ‐mCherry ). This observation may suggest occurrence Our findings show samples terms loss, leading artefactual particles. Depending downstream analyses experimental settings, should probably be processed fresh, non‐archival, majority cases.

Language: Английский

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Small extracellular vesicles isolation and separation: Current techniques, pending questions and clinical applications

Theranostics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(15), P. 6548 - 6575

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Extracellular vesicles, especially small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are now accepted as important messengers in cell-to-cell communication and a promising drug delivery platform.They involved nearly all physiological pathological processes disease diagnosis therapy.However, their heterogeneity of physicochemical properties functions is not fully understood, which hinders further clinical applications.To obtain highly bioactive sEVs with both high yield purity, will certainly facilitate future study application.This review informs up-to-date research on frequently-used cutting-edge technologies isolation makes deep comparison analysis different methods, including advantages, limitations applications.Pending questions about the inherent property these well strategies discussed.Additionally, an overview applications treatment, some on-going trials, also reviewed.

Language: Английский

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Plant‐Derived Vesicle‐Like Nanoparticles as Promising Biotherapeutic Tools: Present and Future

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 35(24)

Published: Jan. 2, 2023

Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are heterogeneous, phospholipid bilayer‐enclosed biological particles that regulate cell communication by molecular cargo delivery and surface signaling. EVs secreted almost all living cells, including plant cells. Plant‐derived vesicle‐like nanoparticles (PDVLNs) is a generic term referring to nanostructure isolated from plants. Their low immunogenicity wide availability make PDVLNs safer more economical be developed as therapeutic agents drug carriers. Accumulating evidence indicates the key roles of in regulating interkingdom crosstalk between humans capable entering human‐body systemand delivering effector molecules cells modulate cell‐signaling pathways. released or obtained plants thus have great influenceon human health diseases. In this review, biogenesis, detailed preparation methods, various physical biochemical characteristics, biosafety, preservation introduced, along with how these characteristics pertain their biosafety preservability. The potential applications on different mammalian diseases PDVLN research standardization then systematically discussed.

Language: Английский

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Exosomes based strategies for brain drug delivery

Biomaterials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 293, P. 121949 - 121949

Published: Dec. 8, 2022

Language: Английский

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miR-124-3p delivered by exosomes from heme oxygenase-1 modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells inhibits ferroptosis to attenuate ischemia–reperfusion injury in steatotic grafts

Journal of Nanobiotechnology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 20(1)

Published: April 22, 2022

Abstract Background Steatotic livers tolerate ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) poorly, increasing the risk of organ dysfunction. Ferroptosis is considered initiating factor IRI. Heme oxygenase oxygen-1 (HO-1)-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) (HO-1/BMMSCs) can reduce hepatic IRI; however, role ferroptosis in IRI steatotic grafts and effect HO-1/BMMSCs-derived exosomes (HM-exos) on remain unknown. Methods A model rat liver transplantation (LT) with a severe donor hypoxia reoxygenation (H/R) hepatocytes were established. Exosomes obtained by differential centrifugation, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) after HM-exo treatment detected using RNA sequencing. The expression markers was analyzed. microRNA (miRNA) sequencing used to analyze miRNA profiles HM-exos. Results We verified candidate H/R treated hepatocytes, observed knockout ferroptosis. In vitro, reduced grafts, enrichment analysis DEGs suggested that HM-exos involved regulation pathway. inhibition hepatocyte injury. contained more abundant miR-124-3p, which H/R-treated inhibiting prostate six transmembrane epithelial antigen 3 (STEAP3), while overexpression Steap3 reversed mir-124-3p. addition, from cell knocked out for miR-124-3p showed weakened inhibitory Similarly, increased content decreasing level STEAP3 reducing degree Conclusion during LT liver. downregulates inhibit ferroptosis, thereby attenuating graft IRI, might be promising strategy treat grafts. Graphical

Language: Английский

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Extracellular vesicle analysis

Nature Reviews Methods Primers, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 3(1)

Published: July 27, 2023

Language: Английский

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Scalable Production of Extracellular Vesicles and Its Therapeutic Values: A Review

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(14), P. 7986 - 7986

Published: July 20, 2022

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are minute with lipid bilayer membranes. EVs secreted by cells for intercellular communication. Recently, have received much attention, as they rich in biological components such nucleic acids, lipids, and proteins that play essential roles tissue regeneration disease modification. In addition, can be developed vaccines against cancer infectious diseases, the vesicle membrane has an abundance of antigenic determinants virulent factors. therapeutic applications typically collected from conditioned media cultured cells. However, number is limited. Thus, it critical to devise new strategies large-scale production EVs. Here, we discussed utilized researchers scalable Techniques bioreactors, mechanical stimulation, electrical thermal magnetic field topographic clue, hypoxia, serum deprivation, pH modification, exposure small molecules, nanoparticles, increasing intracellular calcium concentration, genetic modification been used improve secretion nitrogen cavitation, porous extrusion, sonication prepare EV-mimetic nanovesicles share many characteristics naturally Apart inducing EV production, these upscaling interventions also reported modify EVs' cargo thus their functionality potential. summary, imperative identify a reliable technique produce large quantities consistently. Ideally, produced should possess improved

Language: Английский

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Clinical Translation of Extracellular Vesicles

Advanced Healthcare Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(28)

Published: July 8, 2023

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) occur in a variety of bodily fluids and have gained recent attraction as natural materials due to their bioactive surfaces, internal cargo, role intercellular communication. EVs contain various biomolecules, including surface cytoplasmic proteins; nucleic acids that are often representative the originating cells. can transfer content other cells, process is thought be important for several biological processes, immune responses, oncogenesis, angiogenesis. An increased understanding underlying mechanisms EV biogenesis, composition, function has led an exponential increase preclinical clinical assessment biomedical applications, such diagnostics drug delivery. Bacterium-derived vaccines been use decades few EV-based diagnostic assays regulated under Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments approved single laboratories. Though, products yet receive widespread approval from national regulatory agencies United States Food Drug Administration (USFDA) European Medicine Agency (EMA), many late-stage trials. This perspective sheds light on unique characteristics EVs, highlighting current trends, emerging challenges future perspectives use.

Language: Английский

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