Why Are Invasive Plants Successful?

Annual Review of Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 74(1), P. 635 - 670

Published: Feb. 8, 2023

Plant invasions, a byproduct of globalization, are increasing worldwide. Because their ecological and economic impacts, considerable efforts have been made to understand predict the success non-native plants. Numerous frameworks, hypotheses, theories advanced conceptualize interactions multiple drivers context dependence invasion with aim achieving robust explanations predictive power. We review these from community-level perspective rather than biogeographical one, focusing on terrestrial systems, explore roles intrinsic plant properties in determining species invasiveness, as well effects biotic abiotic conditions mediating ecosystem invasibility (or resistance) evolutionary processes. also consider fundamental influences human-induced changes at scales ranging local global triggering, promoting, sustaining invasions discuss how could alter future trajectories.

Language: Английский

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Rapid upwards spread of non-native plants in mountains across continents

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 7(3), P. 405 - 413

Published: Jan. 26, 2023

Abstract High-elevation ecosystems are among the few worldwide that not yet heavily invaded by non-native plants. This is expected to change as species expand their range limits upwards fill climatic niches and respond ongoing anthropogenic disturbances. Yet, whether how quickly these changes happening has only been assessed in a isolated cases. Starting 2007, we conducted repeated surveys of plant distributions along mountain roads 11 regions from 5 continents. We show over 5- 10-year period, number increased on average approximately 16% per decade across regions. The direction magnitude upper limit shifts depended elevation all Supported null-model approach accounting for chance alone, found greater than upward at lower/mid elevations least seven After dependence, significant were detected further three (revealing evidence 10 regions). Together, our results environments becoming increasingly exposed biological invasions, emphasizing need monitor prevent potential biosecurity issues emerging high-elevation ecosystems.

Language: Английский

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Climate change amplifies plant invasion hotspots in Nepal

Diversity and Distributions, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 25(10), P. 1599 - 1612

Published: July 2, 2019

Abstract Aim Climate change has increased the risk of biological invasions, particularly by increasing climatically suitable regions for invasive alien species. The distribution many native and species been predicted to under future climate. We performed modelling plants (IAPs) identify hotspots current climate scenarios in Nepal, a country ranked among most vulnerable countries invasions world. Location Nepal. Methods niches 24 out total 26 reported IAPs Nepal (2050 RCP 6.0) using an ensemble models. also conducted hotspot analysis highlight geographic different climatic zones, land cover, ecoregions, physiography federal states. Results Under climate, 75% will expand contrast contraction remaining 25% IAPs. A high proportion modelled occurred on agricultural lands followed forests. In aggregation, both extent intensity (invasion hotspots) increase scenarios. invasion towards high‐elevation mountainous regions. these regions, use is rapidly transforming due development infrastructure expansion tourism trade. Main conclusions Negative impacts livelihood, biodiversity ecosystem services, as well economic loss caused future, may be amplified if preventive control measures are not immediately initiated. Therefore, management should account vulnerability change‐induced into new areas, primarily mountains.

Language: Английский

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Urban sprawl facilitates invasions of exotic plants across multiple spatial scales

Biological Invasions, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 24(5), P. 1497 - 1510

Published: Feb. 3, 2022

Abstract Exotic plant invasions are considered one of the major threats to biodiversity causing important impacts at population, community, and ecosystem levels. Understanding drivers across multiple spatial temporal scales often requires a landscape approach. The effect composition on biological invasion has been extensively studied, whereas configuration effects were seldom or analyses limited single species. Here, we aimed analyze how expansion urban agricultural areas can affect exotic species richness (both neophytes archaeophytes) three scales, namely regional (scale: 37.5 km 2 ), 7.1 ) local 100 m ). We possible contribution both in terms (i.e. habitat cover) shape complexity patches). First, found that increasing urbanization coupled with high elements neophyte archaeophyte heterogeneous landscapes. In particular, seemed be key driver large scale, type recipient cover determined success patch level. Second, archaeophytes also affected by agriculture land use, i.e. patches increased their spread scales. High highly disturbed habitats is expected increase exchange surface use propagules mosaics. Our findings suggest planning curbing fragmentation reducing diffuse sprawl might greatly improve resistance landscapes invasions.

Language: Английский

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Think globally, measure locally: The MIREN standardized protocol for monitoring plant species distributions along elevation gradients

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2022

Abstract Climate change and other global drivers threaten plant diversity in mountains worldwide. A widely documented response to such environmental modifications is for species their elevational ranges. Range shifts are often idiosyncratic difficult generalize, partly due variation sampling methods. There thus a need standardized monitoring strategy that can be applied across mountain regions assess distribution changes community turnover of native non‐native over space time. Here, we present conceptually intuitive protocol developed by the Mountain Invasion Research Network (MIREN) systematically quantify patterns distributions along elevation gradients arising from interactive effects climate human disturbance. Usually repeated every five years, surveys consist 20 sample sites located at equal increments three replicate roads per region. At each site, plots extend side road into surrounding natural vegetation. The has been successfully used 18 worldwide 2007 present. Analyses one point time already generated some salient results, revealed region‐specific richness, but globally consistent decline richness. Non‐native plants were also more abundant directly adjacent edges, suggesting disturbed roadsides serve as vector invasions mountains. From upcoming analyses series, even exciting results expected, especially about range shifts. Implementing would help generate complete picture how alters distributions. This inform conservation policy ecosystems, where policies remain poorly implemented.

Language: Английский

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Expanding horizon of invasive alien plants under the interacting effects of global climate change: multifaceted impacts and management prospects

Climate Change Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100092 - 100092

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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A global examination on the differential impacts of roadsides on native vs. exotic and weedy plant species

Global Ecology and Conservation, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 17, P. e00555 - e00555

Published: Jan. 1, 2019

Roads cause multiple ecological impacts by altering biotic and abiotic conditions that affect ecosystem structure functioning from local to regional scales. Roadside plant assemblages are driven the interplay between propagule arrival seedling establishment, which highly influenced roadside characteristics, landscape configuration road management maintenance practices. Multiple species with different growth forms use roadsides as temporary or permanent habitats and/or dispersal corridors. Over past seven decades, numerous studies have documented how distribution of species; however, a comprehensive review those is lacking in literature. Here, we addressed this issue found 1,098 met all study eligibility criteria. half reported effects on exotic/weed only, but one indicated positive effect, around three quarters considered native showed effect such species. Only 10 corroborated linear corridors some expand their distributional ranges. Generally, had most for landscapes greatly impacted intensive agriculture, urbanization forest management, while negative were concentrated areas not been altered humans. Furthermore, regarding within few regions world. We conclude key maintain biodiversity, especially modified anthropogenic landscapes, also serve exotic

Language: Английский

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Hiking trails as conduits for the spread of non-native species in mountain areas

Biological Invasions, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 22(3), P. 1121 - 1134

Published: Dec. 4, 2019

Abstract Roadsides are major pathways of plant invasions in mountain regions. However, the increasing importance tourism may also turn hiking trails into conduits non-native spread to remote landscapes. Here, we evaluated such for invasion five protected areas southern central Chile. We therefore sampled native and species along 17 adjacent undisturbed vegetation. analyzed whether number cover local assemblages is related distance trail a additional variables that characterize abiotic biotic environment as well usage trail. found at higher elevations subset lowland source pool their decreases with elevation trails, although this latter variable only explained 4–8% variation data. In addition, richness were positively correlated signs livestock presence but negatively intact forest These results suggest that, least region studied, have indeed fostered elevations, less efficiently than roadsides. As corollary, appropriate planning management could become increasingly important control mountains world which warming where visitation recreational use mountainous expected increase.

Language: Английский

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Railways redistribute plant species in mountain landscapes

Journal of Applied Ecology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 58(9), P. 1967 - 1980

Published: July 6, 2021

Abstract The significant portion of global terrestrial biodiversity harboured in the mountains is under increasing threat from various anthropogenic impacts. Protecting fragile mountain ecosystems requires understanding how these human disturbances affect biodiversity. As roads and railways are extended further into ecosystems, long‐term impacts this infrastructure on community composition diversity gains urgency. We used railway corridors constructed across mountainous landscapes Kashmir Himalaya 1994 to 2013 study effects disturbance species distributions dynamics. In 2014 2017, we collected vegetation data along 31 T‐shaped transects laid perpendicular line, adopting MIREN (Mountain Invasion Research Network) road survey methodology. Plant communities shifted significantly potentially because an ongoing redistribution after construction, driven mainly by declines both native non‐native richness, abundance a few species, especially areas away track. These patterns indicate advancing succession, where initially—rare—pioneer replaced increasingly dominant often competitors, suggest trend towards delayed local extinctions event. Native richness was negatively correlated with elevation, but that relationship diminished over time, non‐natives at higher elevations. Synthesis applications . Transport seem facilitate spread elevations, which has serious implications considering warming tops. Our results plant next do not reach equilibrium quickly disturbance. More than 10 years establishment within Himalaya, succession continued, signs pointed landscape dominated species. indicates single event associated constructing Himalayan region had large long‐lasting around transport corridor suggests need for region‐wide coordinated monitoring management program.

Language: Английский

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Anthropogenic factors overrule local abiotic variables in determining non-native plant invasions in mountains

Biological Invasions, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 23(12), P. 3671 - 3686

Published: July 22, 2021

Language: Английский

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