What defines a healthy gut microbiome?

Gut, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 73(11), P. 1893 - 1908

Published: Sept. 25, 2024

The understanding that changes in microbiome composition can influence chronic human diseases and the efficiency of therapies has driven efforts to develop microbiota-centred such as first next generation probiotics, prebiotics postbiotics, microbiota editing faecal transplantation. Central research is how disease impacts vice versa, yet there a problematic issue with term 'dysbiosis', which broadly links microbial imbalances various illnesses without precision or definition. Another significant discussions defining 'healthy individuals' ascertain what characterises healthy microbiome. This involves questioning who represents healthiest segment our population-whether it those free from illnesses, athletes at peak performance, individuals living healthily through regular exercise good nutrition even elderly adults centenarians have been tested by time achieved remarkable longevity.This review advocates for delineating 'what defines microbiome?' considering broader range factors related health environmental influences on microbiota. A undoubtedly linked gut health. Nevertheless, very difficult pinpoint universally accepted definition 'gut health' due complexities measuring functionality besides composition. We must take into account individual variabilities, diet, lifestyle, host factors. Moreover, challenge distinguishing causation correlation between overall presented.The also highlights resource-heavy nature comprehensive assessments, hinders their practicality broad application. Finally, we call continued nuanced approach better understand intricate evolving concept health, emphasising need more precise inclusive definitions methodologies studying

Language: Английский

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Akkermansia in the gastrointestinal tract as a modifier of human health

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Sept. 21, 2024

are common members of the human gut microbiota. Multiple reports have emerged linking abundance

Language: Английский

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Big lessons from the little Akkermansia muciniphila in hepatocellular carcinoma

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: Feb. 14, 2025

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequently occurring type of liver tumor and considered one common primary malignant neoplasms. The prognosis for HCC dismal because its complicated etiology high level medication resistance. Immunotherapy presently regarded as effective therapeutic options HCC; nevertheless, disturbance intestinal flora, immunotherapy shows low antitumor efficacy. An increasing body research indicates that particularly Akkermansia muciniphila ( A. ), vital treatment tumors. Studies have demonstrated diminished effectiveness in cancer patients associated with a reduction levels, suggesting levels significantly enhance efficacy immunotherapy. functions gut probiotic can treat prevent wide range illnesses, including cancer. Consequently, preserving abundance enough to lower danger developing disorders. In this review, we critically evaluate current on , focus biological properties functions. different illnesses treats were then discussed, way it works This review aims give novel plan well theoretical foundation improving

Language: Английский

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Symbiotic combination of Akkermansia muciniphila and inosine alleviates alcohol-induced liver injury by modulating gut dysbiosis and immune responses

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: March 20, 2024

Background Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is exacerbated by disruptions in intestinal microecology and immune imbalances within the gut–liver axis. The present study assesses therapeutic potential of combining Akkermansia muciniphila ( A. ) with inosine alleviating alcohol-induced injury. Methods Male C57BL/6 mice, subjected to a Lieber-DeCarli diet 5% alcohol for 4 weeks, served as alcoholic injury model. Various analyzes, including quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), ELISA, immunochemistry, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, flow cytometry, were employed evaluate parameters, barrier function, microbiota composition, responses. Results Compared model group, groups exhibited significantly decreased alanine aminotransferase, aspartate lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels, reduced hepatic fat deposition neutrophil infiltration, alleviated oxidative stress inflammation, increased expression tight junction proteins (Claudin-1, Occludin, ZO-1). These effects further pronounced combination group compared individual treatments. While feeding induced dysbiosis gut disruption, combined treatment abundance harmful bacteria Oscillibacter, Escherichia/Shigella, Alistipes consumption, promoting growth butyrate-producing (Akkermansia, Lactobacillus, Clostridium IV). Flow cytometry revealed that consumption T regulatory (Treg) populations while increasing those T-helper (Th) 1 Th17, which restored treatment. Moreover, levels CD39, CD73, adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) along enhanced proportions CD4 + CD39 Treg CD73 cells spleen. A2AR antagonist KW6002, blocked beneficial on ALD mice. Conclusion This reveals holds promise ameliorating enhancing ecosystem, improving upregulating A2AR, expression, modulating functionality, regulating imbalance Treg/Th17/Th1 cells, these are partly A2AR-dependent.

Language: Английский

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Health Effects and Therapeutic Potential of the Gut Microbe Akkermansia muciniphila

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 562 - 562

Published: Jan. 31, 2025

Akkermansia muciniphila is a bacterium commonly found in the human gastrointestinal tract that has received considerable interest as potential probiotic for improvement of gut health and overall metabolic function. A. enriched mucus layer intestinal lining, where it degrades mucin plays significant role barrier maintenance immune regulation. A higher abundance been observed healthy individuals relative to those with disorders, multiple benefits, including improved glucose management, reduced body fat, inflammation have linked muciniphila. Current research on primarily relies mouse models, limited interventional studies available. While these animal offer valuable insights into roles disease, further clinical investigations humans are needed fully understand its impact. Here, we explore current scope therapeutic agent improve while also emphasizing need optimize techniques this organism.

Language: Английский

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The role of Akkermansia muciniphila in maintaining health: a bibliometric study

Frontiers in Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Feb. 3, 2025

Background Akkermansia muciniphila , as a probiotic, is negatively linked to IBD, obesity, and T2DM. The aim of this study was comprehensively assess the research status over past decade explore relationships between bacterium various health-related aspects. Methods Tools VOSviewer, Bibliometrix, CiteSpace were used analyze aspects including publication metrics, contributors, institutions, geography, journals, funding, keywords. Results Over decade, on has demonstrated consistent annual growth in number publications, with notable peak 2021. China led totaling 151, whereas United States exhibited higher centrality value. Among 820 institutions involved research, University California (from States) Chinese Academy Sciences China) occupied central positions. Willem M. De Vos ranked at top, 12 publications 1,108 citations. journal GUT, which had 5,125 citations an Impact Factor 23.0 2024, most highly cited. cited articles deepened understanding bacterium’s impact human health, spanning from basic translational medicine. Thirty-nine high-frequency keywords grouped into five clusters, illustrating ’s associations metabolic diseases, chronic kidney disease, gut-brain axis, intestinal inflammation, Bacteroidetes-Firmicutes shifts. Conclusion Given anti-inflammatory gut-barrier-strengthening properties, it holds promise therapeutic for disorders, inflammatory conditions. Therefore, future should its potential further by conducting clinical trials, elucidating mechanisms action, investigating efficacy safety diverse patient populations.

Language: Английский

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Bovine colostrum-derived extracellular vesicles protect against non-alcoholic steatohepatitis by modulating gut microbiota and enhancing gut barrier function

Current Research in Food Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 101039 - 101039

Published: March 1, 2025

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), characterized by severe fatty liver-associated inflammation and hepatocellular damage, is a major precursor to cirrhosis carcinoma. While the exact pathogenesis of NASH remains unclear, gut microbiota dysbiosis has been implicated as key factor contributing endotoxin translocation chronic liver inflammation. Recent studies have highlighted therapeutic potential bovine colostrum-derived extracellular vesicles (BCEVs) in modulating enhancing barrier function, but their effects on remain largely unexplored. To investigate protective BCEVs against NASH, 8-wk-old mice were fed NASH-inducing diet for 3 wks while concurrently receiving oral BCEV administration. treatment markedly ameliorated hepatic steatosis, fibrosis, Transcriptomic analyses demonstrated notable reduction lipid metabolism, bacterial response, inflammatory pathways intestine, well reduced expression inflammation- fibrosis-related liver. Gut profiling revealed an increased abundance Akkermansia, accompanied enhanced cholesterol excretion. Furthermore, promoted production tight junction proteins mucin gut, reinforcing intestinal integrity. These findings suggest that promote proliferation which turn prevents This leakage alleviates fibrosis. Overall, this study highlights novel strategy managing targeting gut-liver axis through modulation function.

Language: Английский

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Function and therapeutic potential of Amuc_1100, an outer membrane protein of Akkermansia muciniphila: A review

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 142442 - 142442

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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The biofunction of Akkermansia muciniphila in intestinal-related diseases

Microbiome Research Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 3(4)

Published: Sept. 5, 2024

Intestinal homeostasis is essential for maintaining human health, and its dysfunction related to the onset progression of various diseases, including immune metabolic disorders, even tumorigenesis. microbiota plays a critical role in intestinal homeostasis, with

Language: Английский

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Atractylodes macrocephala polysaccharides shield a D-galactose-induced aging model via gut microbiota modulation

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 136205 - 136205

Published: Oct. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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