Clinical Psychological Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Sept. 12, 2024
Although
research
on
virtual-reality
(VR)
exposure
therapy
(VRET)
in
anxiety
disorders
has
primarily
focused
effectiveness
and
acceptability,
the
underlying
working
mechanisms
have
received
scant
attention.
To
fill
this
knowledge
gap,
we
discuss
potential
theoretical
underpinnings
of
VRET
based
three
dominant
accounts
exposure:
inhibitory-learning
theory
(expectancy
violation),
emotional-processing
(habituation),
self-efficacy
theory.
Whereas
theoretically
speaking,
habituation
seem
plausible
candidate
to
explain
effects
VRET,
role
expectancy
violation
is
less
straightforward.
Because
simulated
nature
VR,
some
feared
outcomes
cannot
occur,
therefore,
possibilities
violate
expectancies
about
their
occurrence
may
be
compromised.
Empirical
evidence
scarce
important
limitations.
Avenues
for
future
are
provided.
Insights
into
not
only
importance
but
also
can
provide
theory-based
directions
optimize
application
VRET.
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
91(6), P. 350 - 366
Published: March 9, 2023
Determine
whether
a
novel
psychosocial
treatment
for
positive
affect
improves
clinical
status
and
reward
sensitivity
more
than
form
of
cognitive
behavioral
therapy
that
targets
negative
improvements
in
correlate
with
status.
Journal of Clinical Medicine,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
12(17), P. 5510 - 5510
Published: Aug. 24, 2023
Changes
in
back
muscle
function
and
structure
are
highly
prevalent
patients
with
chronic
low
pain
(CLBP).
Since
large
heterogeneity
clinical
presentation
dysfunctions
exists
within
this
population,
the
potential
role
of
persistence
differs
between
individuals.
Consequently,
interventions
should
be
tailored
to
individual
patient
based
on
a
thorough
examination
taking
into
account
multidimensional
nature
CLBP.
Considering
complexity
process,
we
will
provide
state-of-the-art
update
CLBP
their
implications
for
treatment.
To
end,
first
give
an
overview
(1)
function,
(2)
exercise
therapy
address
these
dysfunctions,
(3)
relationship
changes
parameters.
In
second
part,
describe
framework
individualised
approach
training
Clinical Psychology Review,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
110, P. 102417 - 102417
Published: March 25, 2024
Although
psychological
treatments
are
broadly
recognized
as
evidence-based
interventions
for
various
mental
disorders,
challenges
remain.
For
example,
a
substantial
proportion
of
patients
receiving
such
do
not
fully
recover,
and
many
obstacles
hinder
the
dissemination,
implementation,
training
treatments.
These
problems
require
those
in
our
field
to
rethink
some
basic
models
disorders
their
treatments,
question
how
research
practice
clinical
psychology
should
progress.
To
answer
these
questions,
group
experts
convened
at
Think-Tank
Marburg,
Germany,
August
2022
review
evidence
analyze
barriers
current
future
developments.
After
this
event,
an
overview
state-of-the-art
was
drafted
suggestions
improvements
specific
recommendations
were
integrated.
Recommendations
arising
from
meeting
cover
further
improving
through
translational
approaches,
methodology,
bridging
gap
between
more
nomothetic
(group-oriented)
studies
idiographic
(person-centered)
decisions,
using
network
approaches
addition
selecting
single
mechanisms
embrace
complexity
reality,
making
use
scalable
digital
options
assessments
interventions,
education
psychotherapists,
accepting
societal
responsibilities
that
has
national
global
health
care.
The
objective
Marburg
Declaration
is
stimulate
significant
change
regarding
understanding
with
aim
trigger
new
era
interventions.
European journal of psychotraumatology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
16(1)
Published: Jan. 7, 2025
Background:
It
has
been
proposed
that
maximizing
expectancy
violation
enhances
the
efficacy
of
exposure
therapy.
The
clinical
utility
remains
unclear
and
it
not
yet
studied
in
PTSD.
Cognitive Behaviour Therapy,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 1 - 20
Published: Jan. 30, 2025
Exposure
therapy
is
an
efficacious
treatment
for
anxiety-related
disorders.
Yet,
fear
often
returns
after
treatment.
Occasional
reinforcement,
in
which
the
feared
stimulus
intermittently
presented
during
extinction,
increases
safety
learning
and
slows
renewal
conditioning
paradigms
analogue
samples,
but
no
studies
to
date
have
examined
this
strategy
clinical
samples.
The
present
study
effects
of
vicarious
occasional
reinforcement
on
a
snake-phobic
sample
across
multiple
levels
analysis.
Fear
was
reinforced
by
providing
reminders
outcome
(a
snake
bite)
throughout
two-session
video
exposure
manipulation.
Snake-phobic
adults
were
randomized
one
three
conditions:
single-cue
[S],
multiple-cue
[M],
or
multiple-cue+fear-outcome
[M+FO]
group.
Results
showed
groups
did
not
significantly
differ
threat
expectancy
attentional
bias
at
follow-up.
Despite
sustained
anxiety,
however,
M+FO
condition
completed
more
steps
visual
avoidance
task
follow-up
than
M
S
conditions
heightened
mean
distress
mediated
effect.
These
findings
suggest
incorporating
into
may
be
effective
increasing
inhibitory
retrieval.
Behaviour Research and Therapy,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
167, P. 104364 - 104364
Published: July 3, 2023
Understanding
how
and
for
whom
cognitive-behavioral
therapies
work
is
central
to
the
development
improvement
of
mental
health
interventions.
Suboptimal
quantification
active
elements
has
hampered
progress
in
elucidating
mechanisms
change.
To
advance
process
research
on
therapies,
we
describe
a
theoretical
measurement
framework
that
focuses
delivery,
receipt,
application
these
We
then
provide
recommendations
measuring
aligned
with
this
framework.
Finally,
support
harmonization
improve
study
comparability,
propose
publicly
available
repository
assessment
tools:
Active
Elements
Cognitive-Behavioral
Therapies
Measurement
Kit.
Behaviour Research and Therapy,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
174, P. 104490 - 104490
Published: Feb. 1, 2024
Previous
laboratory
work
has
shown
that
induction
of
positive
mood
prior
to
fear
extinction
decreases
the
negative
valence
conditional
stimulus
(CS)
and
reduces
reinstatement
fear.
Before
translating
these
insights
clinical
practice,
it
is
important
test
this
strategy
in
anxious
individuals.
Students
with
a
high
public
speaking
(N
=
62)
were
randomized
either
induction,
or
no
control
group.
All
participants
performed
two
weekly
sessions
virtual
reality
exposure
1-week
follow-up
including
spontaneous
recovery
after
social
rejection
(unconditional
stimulus).
We
used
self-reported
measures
skin
conductance
responses.
expected
group,
compared
other
groups,
would
evaluate
CS
(i.e.,
front
an
audience)
as
less
following
show
rejection.
Although
was
successfully
manipulated,
there
group
differences
exposure.
In
all
conditions,
VR
reduced
fear,
effects
stable
at
follow-up.
contrast
expectations,
showed
more
than
To
conclude,
we
found
evidence
optimizes
for
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
142, P. 104901 - 104901
Published: Oct. 10, 2022
Stress
hormones
influence
the
processing
of
fear,
anxiety,
and
related
memory
mechanisms.
For
example,
they
modulate
consolidation
retrieval
processes
associated
with
emotional
episodic
memory,
fear
extinction
learning.
In
this
review,
we
summarize
recent
laboratory
findings
on
timing-dependent
effects
stress
learning
retrieval.
Furthermore,
relate
these
experiments
to
clinical
intervention
approaches
relying
such
as
exposure
therapy,
for
which
beneficial
administration
hormone
cortisol
have
been
observed.
The
modulation
extinction-based
interventions
differs
from
obtained
reconsolidation
manipulation
procedures
utilizing
restabilization
retrieved
(or
reactivated)
memories.
case,
blockade
adrenergic
beta-receptors
during
fearful
stimulus
might
represent
a
promising
intervention.
substantial
progress
made
in
understanding
interaction
anxiety
has
potential
enhance
therapeutic
success
prevent
relapse
long
run.
