Operationalizing forest‐assisted migration in the context of climate change adaptation: Examples from the eastern USA

Ecosphere, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(10)

Published: Oct. 1, 2022

Abstract There is increasing momentum to implement conservation and management approaches that adapt forests climate change so as sustain ecosystem functions. These range from actions designed increase the resistance of current composition structure negative impacts those transition substantially different characteristics. A component many adaptation will likely include assisted migration future climate‐adapted tree species or genotypes. While forest‐assisted (FAM) has been discussed conceptually examined experimentally for almost a decade, operationalizing FAM (i.e., routine use in forest projects) lags behind acceptance need adaptation. As vulnerability ecosystems increases, may become an integral tool reduce long‐term risks function, despite real perceived barriers its implementation. Here we discuss concept operational‐scale why it remains controversial, not yet widely adopted We present three case studies illustrate how practice can be approached pragmatically within framework acceptance. Finally, path toward advancing wide FAM.

Language: Английский

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A lack of ecological diversity in forest nurseries limits the achievement of tree-planting objectives in response to global change

BioScience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 73(8), P. 575 - 586

Published: July 31, 2023

Abstract Tree planting is increasingly being adopted as a strategy to address global change, including mitigation, adaptation, and restoration. Although reforestation has long been central forest management, the desired outcomes of traditional emerging tree-planting strategies face barriers linked lack ecological diversity in nurseries. In present article, we outline how insufficient nursery seedlings among species, genotypes, stock types impeded will continue hinder implementation diverse or climate-suitable targets, now into future. To support this, demonstrate disparities seedling inventories, focusing on northern United States. overcome these challenges, recommend avenues for improving policy financing, informational resources training, research monitoring. Absent advances, current production practices fall short ambitious goals proposed restoration change mitigation adaptation.

Language: Английский

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Tree Planting for Climate Adaptation and Emerald Ash Borer in the Lake States, US: Motivations and State of the Practice

Journal of Forestry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

Language: Английский

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Potential alternative tree species to Fraxinus excelsior in European forests

Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6

Published: Feb. 2, 2023

Common ash ( Fraxinus excelsior L.) is a keystone tree species in Europe. However, since the 1990s, this has been experiencing widespread decline and mortality due to dieback [ Hymenoscyphus fraxineus (T. Kowalski) Baral, Queloz Hosoya]. Besides H. , emerald borer Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire), an invasive alien pest already devastating trees western Russia, spreading westward becoming emerging threat remaining European populations. While efforts control continue be priority, it crucial compensate for loss of its ecosystem services by elaborating restoration strategies, including search alternative native non-native species. This review summarizes available knowledge on potential common help forest managers cope with dieback. Although using natural regeneration promoting diversity can reduce impacts forests, our indicates that no alone or combination fully replace ecological niche associated (e.g., biodiversity timber). To fill gap, have considered are tolerant both A. similar forestry values as ash. Of 43 reviewed, few mandshurica Rupr. platypoda Oliv.) characteristics . performance their invasiveness potential, risk hybridization still unknown. With current state knowledge, thus too early recommend use suitable option deal The priority should conservation, regeneration, breeding populations well other Our highlights need controlled experimental plantations better understand ecology prior utilization forests.

Language: Английский

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Restoring a keystone tree species for the future: American chestnut assisted migration plantings in an adaptive silviculture experiment

Forest Ecology and Management, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 523, P. 120505 - 120505

Published: Sept. 12, 2022

Language: Английский

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Effects of flood duration on seedling survival and growth of potential replacement species in black ash (Fraxinus nigra Marshall) forests threatened by emerald ash borer

Trees Forests and People, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11, P. 100367 - 100367

Published: Jan. 3, 2023

Within black ash (Fraxinus nigra Marshall) wetlands, acts as a foundational species, resulting in high vulnerability to the invasive emerald borer (EAB) (Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae). One mitigation strategy being considered is planting of alternative tree species increase compositional diversity, however, there limited understanding how replacement tolerate flooding. A greenhouse experiment was used explore early survival and growth eighteen response five flooding durations (3, 6, 9, 12, or 15 weeks). Seedlings were assigned flood tolerance groups according their responses various duration treatments. Taxodium distichum (L.) Rich., Ulmus americana L., Betula L. able survive grow with up weeks. Thuja occidentalis Acer rubrum Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch, Quercus bicolor Willd., alleghaniensis Britton had rates 6 weeks length. Finally, Juglans saccharum Marshall responded poorly any duration. These results can assist managers matching potential hydrology local wetlands.

Language: Английский

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Seedling drought responses governed by root traits, site-soil moisture regimes and overstory competition-facilitation

Forest Ecology and Management, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 544, P. 121159 - 121159

Published: June 17, 2023

Language: Английский

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Effects of Flooding and Shade on Survival, Growth, and Leaf Gas Exchange of Bottomland Tree Species across the Great Lakes Region (USA)

Forests, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 530 - 530

Published: March 13, 2024

Forested wetlands are common ecosystems within the Great Lakes region (Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin), USA. Projected increases in extreme flooding events shifting disturbance regimes create challenges for tree regeneration. Forest managers considering use of enrichment planting to increase species diversity, but limited information is available that quantifies interactions between shade tolerances candidate species. We used a microcosm experiment manipulate conditions determine effects on early survival, growth, leaf gas exchange 23 different vary flood tolerance. Seedlings were planted pots placed 227 L tanks randomly assigned light reduction (full sun, 40% 70% reduced sunlight) treatments (water levels 0, 14, or 27 cm below soil surface). In general, had greater influence seedling growth rates than treatments. Of studied, bald cypress (Taxodium distichum (L.) Rich.) was most flood-tolerant, American sycamore (Platanus occidentalis L.) river birch (Betula nigra also highly tolerant throughout entire growing season. The remaining varied, none water table depths 14 surface Most did not respond terms exchange. When forested wetlands, matching tolerance local site hydrology an important step.

Language: Английский

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Forest assisted migration and adaptation plantings in the Northeastern US: perspectives and applications from early adopters

Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: Oct. 8, 2024

Threats to the future function of forested ecosystems and stability ecosystem service provisioning due global change have motivated climate-adaptive forest management strategies that include various forms tree planting termed “adaptation plantings”. Despite emergence these strategies, less is known as how foresters other natural resource managers perceive or are engaged with adaptation plantings like assisted migration (FAM). This knowledge gap most pronounced in regions New England North Central US (hereafter, Northeastern US) where common but expected be an important tool for adaptation. To address this, we surveyed 33 this region actively climate (i.e., early adopters practice) assess currently being pursued against perceived barriers, opportunities, potential engagement strategy. Survey respondents overwhelmingly (93.5%) forecast increases use their work region, attributed increased awareness, acceptance, interest practice. Respondents expressed notable related diversification types FAM (e.g., population expansion range expansion), hesitancy engage more contentious afforestation linked long-distance translocation exotic species migration). Although examples local enrichment non-FAM) proliferate, nineteen top twenty genera planted contain at least one example study region. The barriers reported were themed 1) biotic abiotic, 2) information material, 3) policy, social, economic factors. While report difficulty obtaining adequate material from nurseries seedlings), over 80% placed orders shortly before (< 1 year) which likely generates sourcing seedlings suited a specific site environmental conditions. limited by focusing on subset who within valuable inferences into trends possible serving front lines Together, results suggest potentially growing need allocating resources stewards planning serve refine financing, practices support strategy beyond.

Language: Английский

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Identifying climatically-compatible seedlots for the eastern US: building the predictive tools and knowledge to enable forest assisted migration

Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: Nov. 20, 2024

Introduction Global climate change and associated stressors threaten forest ecosystems due to the rapid pace of change, which could exceed natural migration rate some tree species. In response, there is growing interest research implement assisted (FAM). Here, we used a species-independent indicator based on analogy, according sigma (dis)similarity (σ d ) index, match planting sites across eastern US with (future) climatically-compatible seedlots (CCS). Methods We developed CCS for grid composed 1 × 1° latitude longitude. were future analogs ≤2σ analogy ensure representative change. located three time periods, 2030's, 2050's, 2090's emissions scenarios (SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, SSP5-8.5) from Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 database, using 12 variables. Results identified majority grids SSP3-7.0 scenario. Approximately 28% grid's projections included novelty. The average 222, 358, 662 km or 1, 2, 3 seed zones away grids, respectively. also further south-southwest (188–197°). addition, cover was approximately 2%, 5%, 10% less than that grids. Discussion Our development synthesis emphasized four key results: (i) distances 2030's 2050's similar seed-transfer guidelines species, but exceeded current recommendations; (ii) south-southwesterly locations aligned species habitat distribution dynamics; (iii) novelty potentially challenges conceptual basis FAM if are not adapted change; (iv) variation in among presents potential opportunities presence absence forestland source seed. Ultimately, our goal locate synthesize enable decision support.

Language: Английский

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