AoSte12 Is Required for Mycelial Development, Conidiation, Trap Morphogenesis, and Secondary Metabolism by Regulating Hyphal Fusion in Nematode-Trapping Fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora

Microbiology Spectrum, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(2)

Published: Feb. 14, 2023

Nematode-trapping (NT) fungi are a unique group of carnivorous microorganisms that can capture and digest nematodes by producing ingenious trapping devices (traps).

Language: Английский

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Identification of a transcription factor AoMsn2 of the Hog1 signaling pathway contributes to fungal growth, development and pathogenicity in Arthrobotrys oligospora

Journal of Advanced Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Arthrobotrys oligospora has been utilized as a model strain to study the interaction between fungi and nematodes owing its ability capture by developing specialized traps. A previous showed that high-osmolarity glycerol (Hog1) signaling regulates osmoregulation nematocidal activity of A. oligospora. However, function downstream transcription factors Hog1 in nematode-trapping (NT) remains unclear. This aimed investigate functions potential regulatory network AoMsn2, factor pathway The AoMsn2 was characterized using targeted gene deletion, phenotypic experiments, real-time quantitative PCR, RNA sequencing, untargeted metabolomics, yeast two-hybrid analysis. Loss Aomsn2 significantly enlarged swollen hyphae, with an increase septa significant decrease nuclei. In particular, spore yield, germination rate, traps, nematode predation efficiency were remarkably decreased mutants. Phenotypic transcriptomic analyses revealed is essential for fatty acid metabolism autophagic pathways. Additionally, metabolomic analysis identified important modulation secondary metabolites. Furtherly, we analyzed protein based on Kyoto Encyclopedia Genes Genomes map online website STRING. Finally, six putative proteins Y2H Our reveals plays crucial roles growth, conidiation, trap development, metabolism, well establishes broad basis understanding mechanisms morphogenesis environmental adaptation NT fungi.

Language: Английский

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Fus3 regulates asexual development and trap morphogenesis in the nematode-trapping fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora

iScience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 26(8), P. 107404 - 107404

Published: Aug. 1, 2023

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) Fus3 is an essential regulator of cell differentiation and virulence in fungal pathogens plants animals. However, the function regulatory mechanism MAPK signaling nematode-trapping (NT) fungi remain largely unknown. NT can specialize formation "traps", important indicator transition from a saprophytic to predatory lifestyle. Here, we characterized orthologous typical fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora using multi-phenotypic analysis multi-omics approaches. Our results showed that plays role asexual growth development, conidiation, stress response, DNA damage, autophagy, secondary metabolism. Importantly, indispensable hyphal fusion, trap morphogenesis, nematode predation. Moreover, constructed networks by means transcriptomic yeast two-hybrid techniques. This study provides insights into development pathogenicity fungi.

Language: Английский

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Key processes required for the different stages of fungal carnivory by a nematode-trapping fungus

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(11), P. e3002400 - e3002400

Published: Nov. 21, 2023

Nutritional deprivation triggers a switch from saprotrophic to predatory lifestyle in soil-dwelling nematode-trapping fungi (NTF). In particular, the NTF Arthrobotrys oligospora secretes food and sex cues lure nematodes its mycelium is triggered develop specialized trapping devices. Captured are then invaded digested by fungus, thus serving as source. this study, we examined transcriptomic response of A . across stages sensing, trap development, digestion upon exposure model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans enacts dynamic response, especially protein secretion–related genes, presence prey. Two-thirds predicted secretome was up-regulated C at all time points examined, among these secreted proteins, 38.5% be effector proteins. Furthermore, functional studies disrupting t-SNARE Sso2 resulted impaired ability capture nematodes. Additionally, genes DUF3129 family, which expanded genomes several NTF, were highly exposure. We observed accumulation expressed proteins cells, leading us name members gene family T rap E nriched P roteins (TEPs). Gene deletion most TEP gene, TEP1 , impairs function traps prevents fungus capturing prey efficiently. late predation, up-regulation variety proteases, including metalloproteases. Following penetration nematodes, metalloproteases facilitate hyphal growth required for colonization These findings provide insights into biology carnivorous frameworks other fungal–nematode predator–prey systems.

Language: Английский

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SNARE Protein AoSec22 Orchestrates Mycelial Growth, Vacuole Assembly, Trap Formation, Stress Response, and Secondary Metabolism in Arthrobotrys oligospora

Journal of Fungi, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(1), P. 75 - 75

Published: Jan. 4, 2023

Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNAREs) facilitate intracellular vesicle trafficking and membrane fusion in eukaryotes play a vital role fungal growth, development, pathogenicity. However, the functions of SNAREs are still largely unknown nematode-trapping fungi. Arthrobotrys oligospora is representative species fungi that can produce adhesive networks (traps) for nematode predation. In this study, we characterized AoSec22 A. oligospora, homolog yeast SNARE Sec22. Deletion Aosec22 resulted remarkable reductions mycelial number nuclei, conidia yield, trap formation, especially traps failed to develop mature three-dimensional networks. Further, absence impaired fatty acid utilization, autophagy, stress tolerance; addition, vacuoles became small fragmented hyphal cells ∆Aosec22 mutant, large form. The reduced sporulation capacity correlated with transcriptional repression several sporulation-related genes, accumulation lipid droplets line genes involved oxidation. Moreover, remarkably secondary metabolism, resulting 4717 1230 compounds upregulated downregulated respectively. Collectively, our data highlighted plays pleiotropic growth vacuole assembly, response, metabolism; particular, it required proper development oligospora.

Language: Английский

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AoMedA has a complex regulatory relationship with AoBrlA, AoAbaA, and AoWetA in conidiation, trap formation, and secondary metabolism in the nematode-trapping fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 89(9)

Published: Sept. 1, 2023

The asexual sporulation of filamentous fungi is an important mechanism for their reproduction, survival, and pathogenicity. In Aspergillus several fungi, BrlA, AbaA, WetA are the key elements a central regulatory pathway controlling conidiation, MedA developmental modifier that regulates temporal expression genes; however, roles largely unknown in nematode-trapping (NT) fungi. Arthrobotrys oligospora representative NT fungus, which can capture nematodes by producing adhesive networks (traps). Here, we characterized function AoMedA three regulators (AoBrlA, AoAbaA, AoWetA) A. gene disruption, phenotypic comparison, multi-omics analyses, as these required conidiation play divergent mycelial development, trap formation, lipid droplet accumulation, vacuole assembly, secondary metabolism. A combined analysis traits transcriptome showed AoWetA involved regulation peroxisome, endocytosis, autophagy. Moreover, yeast one-hybrid AoBrlA regulate AoMedA, AoWetA, whereas AoAbaA AoWetA. Our results highlight AoBrlA, mycelia pathogenicity provide basis elucidating relationship between formation IMPORTANCE Conidiation most common reproductive mode many plays essential role fungal pathogens. Nematode-trapping special group owing to innate abilities digest traps (trapping devices). Sporulation growth reproduction conidia basic components biocontrol reagents diseases caused plant-parasitic nematodes. well-known fungus routinely used model probing interaction this study, functions four (AoMedA, were oligospora. complex was noted; pleiotropic multiple intracellular activities. study first revealed oligospora, contributed helped developing effective

Language: Английский

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Peroxin Pex14/17 Is Required for Trap Formation, and Plays Pleiotropic Roles in Mycelial Development, Stress Response, and Secondary Metabolism in Arthrobotrys oligospora

mSphere, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(2)

Published: Feb. 14, 2023

The peroxins encoded by PEX genes involved in peroxisome biogenesis play a crucial role cellular metabolism and pathogenicity fungi. Herein, we characterized filamentous fungus-specific peroxin Pex14/17 the Arthrobotrys oligospora, representative species of nematode-trapping deletion AoPEX14/17 resulted remarkable reduction mycelial growth, conidia yield, trap formation, pathogenicity. Compared with wild-type strain, ΔAopex14/17 mutant exhibited more lipid droplet reactive oxygen accumulation accompanied significant decrease fatty acid utilization tolerance to oxidative stress. Transcriptomic analysis indicated that was regulation metabolism, genetic information processing, environmental processes. In subcellular morphology, number cell nuclei, autophagosomes, Woronin bodies. Metabolic profile showed AoPex14/17 affects biosynthesis secondary metabolites. Yeast two-hybrid assay revealed interacted AoPex14 but not AoPex13. Taken together, our results suggest is main factor for modulating development, A. oligospora. IMPORTANCE Peroxisome (PEX) an important pathogenic However, roles remain largely unknown (NT) Here, provide direct evidence regulates conidiation, autophagy, endocytosis, catalase activity, stress response oxidants, production. Transcriptome metabolic suggested multiple processes metabolism. Therefore, study extends functions genes, which helps elucidate mechanism organelle development formation NT fungi lays foundation efficient nematode biocontrol agents.

Language: Английский

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The Arf-GAPs, AoAge1 and AoAge2, regulate diverse cellular processes, conidiation, trap formation, and secondary metabolism in Arthrobotrys oligospora

Microbiological Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 285, P. 127779 - 127779

Published: May 24, 2024

Language: Английский

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Alcohol dehydrogenase 1 acts as a scaffold protein in mitophagy essential for fungal pathogen adaptation to hypoxic niches within hosts

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 295, P. 139651 - 139651

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

Language: Английский

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The Hog1-Nmd5 signaling pathway regulates asexual development, lipid metabolism, stress response, trap morphogenesis, and secondary metabolism of Arthrobotrys oligospora

Virulence, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Feb. 19, 2025

The high-osmolarity glycerol (HOG) signalling pathway, comprising Ste11/Ssk2/Ssk22 (MAPKKK), Pbs2 (MAPKK), and Hog1 (MAPK), is an important conserved pathway in fungi. However, the functions downstream regulatory factors of nematode-trapping (NT) fungi remain poorly understood. Here, three proteins (AoNmd5, AoPyp1, AoPtp) interacting with were screened a representative NT fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora using yeast screening library verified two-hybrid (Y2H) assay. function AoNmd5 was furtherly characterized by phenotypic comparison, staining technique, multi-omics analyses. essential for vegetative growth, conidial development, trap morphogenesis, nematode predation ability. In addition, played crucial roles endocytosis, lipid metabolism, reactive oxygen species, stress response, autophagy, other metabolic processes. Furthermore, we constructed interaction network based on transcriptomic analysis Y2H, revealing its significant role respiratory chain redox processes as well small GTPase Ran1, which mediates nucleocytoplasmic shuttling. These findings suggest that Hog1-Nmd5 has pleiotropic A. oligospora. This study deepens our understanding HOG importins

Language: Английский

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