The cerebellum and the Mirror Neuron System: A matter of inhibition? From neurophysiological evidence to neuromodulatory implications. A narrative review

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 164, P. 105830 - 105830

Published: July 26, 2024

Mirror neurons show activity during both the execution (AE) and observation of actions (AO). The Neuron System (MNS) could be involved motor imagery (MI) as well. Extensive research suggests that cerebellum is interconnected with MNS may critically in its activities. We gathered evidence on cerebellum's role functions, theoretically experimentally. Evidence shows plays a major AO MI lesions impair functions likely because, by modulating cortical inhibitory interneurons mirror properties, contribute to visuomotor matching, which fundamental for shaping properties. Indeed, strengthen sensory-motor patterns minimise discrepancy between predicted actual outcome, AE AO. Furthermore, through connections hippocampus, might internal simulations programs MI. Finally, cerebellar neuromodulation improve impact activity, we explored potential neurophysiological neurorehabilitation implications.

Language: Английский

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Impaired metabotropic glutamate type 5 receptor signaling in the dorsal striatum of the R451C-neuroligin 3 mouse model of Autism Spectrum Disorder

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

Human genetics indicates enrichment of synaptic pathway-related mutations in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Accordingly, several preclinical studies have reported alterations different brain areas relevant ASD mouse models. In particular, we previously showed that corticostriatal long-term depression is impaired the dorsal striatum mice carrying ASD-associated R451C mutation NL3 gene, coding for postsynaptic protein neuroligin 3. Here, used behavioral, proteomic, biochemical, and electrophysiological approaches to explore striatum-dependent functions R451C-NL3 knock-in model ASD. A detailed behavioral analysis confirmed these mice. We further explored function striatum, disclosing modifications glutamatergic density composition impairment forms plasticity involving activation group I metabotropic glutamate receptors, namely activity-dependent potentiation, pharmacological 3,5-DHPG-induced depression. Notably, receptors was not able potentiate NMDA receptor-mediated currents. Protein expression levels type 5 receptor were reduced at striatal synapses, whereas level ionotropic unaltered. Overall, our findings point a significant signaling 3 mice, affecting circuitry, has been implicated autism-related behaviors.

Language: Английский

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Establishing functionally segregated dopaminergic circuits

Trends in Neurosciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Impaired metabotropic glutamate type 5 receptor signaling in the dorsal striatum of the R451C-neuroligin 3 mouse model of Autism Spectrum Disorder

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 16, 2024

Background Human genetics indicates enrichment of synaptic pathway-related mutations in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Accordingly, several preclinical studies have reported alterations different brain areas relevant ASD mouse models. In particular, we previously showed that corticostriatal long-term depression is impaired the dorsal striatum mice carrying ASD-associated R451C mutation neuroligin3 gene.Methods We used behavioral, proteomic, biochemical, and electrophysiological approaches to explore striatum-dependent functions R451C-neuroligin3 model ASD.Results A detailed behavioral analysis confirmed these mice. further explored function, disclosing modifications glutamatergic postsynaptic density protein composition, which functionally result impairment forms plasticity, namely activity-dependent potentiation, group I metabotropic glutamate receptor-dependent depression. also found reduced expression levels type 5 receptor at striatal synapses, likely preclude potentiation by preventing NMDA receptor-mediated currents a sufficient generation endocannabinoids, respectively.Conclusions Overall, our findings point significant signaling, affecting underlies specific autism-relevant behaviors

Language: Английский

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Sex and estradiol effects in the rodent dorsal striatum

European Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 21, 2024

Abstract 17β‐Estradiol (E2) is a sex hormone that acts on many brain regions to produce changes in neuronal activity and learning. A key region sensitive E2 the dorsal striatum (also called caudate‐putamen), which controls motor behaviour, goal‐directed learning habit In adult rodents, oestrogen receptors (ERs) are localized plasma membrane include ERα, ERβ G protein‐coupled ER (GPER). E2, either naturally produced or exogenously applied, may influence excitability, basal synaptic transmission long‐term potentiation. These effects be due direct action signalling pathways dopamine availability. particular, estradiol influences release, receptor expression transporter expression. We review cellular has striatum, distinguishing between applied oestrous cycle, as well its striatal‐dependent behaviour.

Language: Английский

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