Anthocyanin-rich extract from purple tea: Chemical stability, cellular antioxidant activity, and protection of human plasma

Current Research in Food Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8, P. 100701 - 100701

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

This study aimed to obtain an anthocyanin extract from the purple leaves of Camellia sinensis cv. Zijuan using a sustainable, non-toxic, and low-cost solid-liquid extraction, employing aqueous citric acid solution (0.2 mol/L) as extracting solvent, evaluate its chemical stability at different pH values, well in vitro antioxidant properties biological terms. The phenolic composition, activity, anthocyanins against pH, temperature, light crude (CE) were evaluated, composition bioactivity lyophilised (CLE). In direct/reverse spectrophotometric titration, showed structural changes between 2 10, reversibility 80%. activity DPPH radical inhibition percentages 73% (pH 4.5) 39% 10). Thermal was observed 60 °C, prolonged exposure caused photodegradation anthocyanins. Thirty-three compounds, including catechins, quantified CLE by UPLC-ESI-MS HPLC, totalling 40.18 mg/g. reduced cell viability (IC50 18.1 52.5 μg GAE/mL), exerted antiproliferative (GI50 0.0006 17.0 GAE/mL) cytotoxic (LC50 33.2 89.9 effects A549 (human lung adenocarcinoma epithelial cells), HepG2 (hepatocellular carcinoma), HCT8 (ileocecal colorectal adenocarcinoma), Eahy926 (somatic hybrid cells); protection oxidation human plasma (635 ± 30 mg AAE/g). results diversity compounds extracts their potential for technological applications; however, must be considered avoid diminishing bioactivity.

Language: Английский

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Multi-Omics Research Accelerates the Clarification of the Formation Mechanism and the Influence of Leaf Color Variation in Tea (Camellia sinensis) Plants

Plants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 426 - 426

Published: Jan. 31, 2024

Tea is a popular beverage with characteristic functional and flavor qualities, known to be rich in bioactive metabolites such as tea polyphenols theanine. Recently, varieties variations leaf color have been widely used agriculture production due their potential advantages terms of quality. Numerous studies genome, transcriptome, metabolome, proteome, lipidome methods uncover the causes investigate impacts on accumulation crucial plants. Through comprehensive review various omics investigations, we note that decreased expression levels critical genes biosynthesis chlorophyll carotenoids, activated degradation, an impaired photosynthetic chain function are related chlorina phenotype For purple-leaf tea, increased late biosynthetic flavonoid synthesis pathway anthocyanin transport major common purple coloration. We also summarized influence variation amino acid, polyphenol, lipid contents put forward possible these metabolic changes. Finally, this further proposes research demands field future.

Language: Английский

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Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Insights into Temperature-Dependent Changes in Catechin and Anthocyanin Accumulation in Tea Plants with Different Leaf Colors

Plant Stress, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14, P. 100705 - 100705

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Advances in Purple Tea Research: Chemical Compositions, Anthocyanin Synthesis and Regulation, Processing, and Health Benefits

Horticulturae, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(1), P. 50 - 50

Published: Jan. 4, 2024

Purple tea, renowned for its anthocyanin content and distinctive purple hue, has gained prominence. The in tea can exceed three times that of traditional green-leaf tea. harbors various anthocyanins, implicating intricate pathways biosynthesis transcriptional regulation. Concurrently, owing to chemical composition, the processing may be constrained, potentially influencing sensory attributes flavor profile richness anthocyanins yielded potential health benefits, including antioxidative anti-cancer properties, rendering a sought-after commodity market. However, current research on remains incomplete, indistinct networks regulatory mechanisms, incomplete characterization, need comprehensive investigations into biological activities. limited foundation greatly reduced popularity consumption This paper aims provide an overview recent advancements regulation as well compositions, processing, benefits review will groundwork future efforts selection innovation germplasm, expansion market consumption.

Language: Английский

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Characterization and Quantitation of Anthocyanins of the Pigmented Tea Cultivar TRI 2043 (Camellia sinensis L.) from Sri Lanka

Separations, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(5), P. 157 - 157

Published: May 16, 2024

Tea leaves are rich in diverse bioactive compounds. The tea accession TRI 2043 is unique due to its pigmented caused by anthocyanins, clonal origin, resistance blister blight disease, and high pubescence density. Because of peculiarity, used produce high-quality silver tip tea, a premium type that commands prices. This study was carried out clarify elucidate the types anthocyanins this particular accession. Four different anthocyanin species were identified quantitated as cyanidin-3-O-β-d-galactoside delphinidin-3-O-β-d-galactoside equivalents for leaf blades stems cultivar 2043. characterization performed comparison with commercially available reference substances further confirmed using ion mobility high-resolution time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (IMS-HRTOF-MS). Quantitation ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography ultraviolet–visible detection (UHPLC-UV-vis) cyanidin-3-O-β-d-glucoside an internal standard. E- Z-geometric isomers 6-p-coumaroyl derivates delphinidin cyanidin-3-O-β-d-galactopyranosides observed, collision cross section (CCS) values determined all four anthocyanidin species. content 856.32 ± 41.56 µg/g dry weight, cyanidin being more abundant (69.8%). Conversely, stem material contained amount 459.5 44.7 higher (69.6%). In summary, enrichment strategy analytical membrane established fully quantify profile plant samples such special variety

Language: Английский

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Expression Pattern Analyzation and Regulation Genes Identification on the Purple Phenotype in the Different Tissues of the Purple Pak-choi and Zicaitai

Horticulturae, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 109 - 109

Published: Jan. 21, 2025

Among the Brassica species in China, including Chinese cabbage, pak-choi, caixin, zicaitai, and wucai, rapa plays an important role vegetable production. Purple resources from itself are scarce. It is worth noting that tissue positions expressing a purple phenotype vary greatly between pak-choi zicaitai. In this study, genetic patterns of were analyzed F1 showed leaves green stems, which indicated traits stem inherited independently. conjunction with field identification, RNA-seq was used to sequence transcriptomes expression sites their F1. The high regulatory genes Dark_pur BrTT8 affected color caused structural anthocyanin metabolism pathway accumulation anthocyanins leaves. BrPAP2 zicaitai significantly upregulated, related genes, leading epidermis. This suggested both R2R3-MYB transcription factors, tissue-specific for regulation B. rapa. They also had gene epistatic effect, influenced MYBL2 highly expressed all sites. present study on provides theoretical basis revealing influence it may lay foundation selection breeding vegetables

Language: Английский

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A comprehensive review on the promising purple leaf tea

Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 24(2)

Published: March 1, 2025

Purple leaf tea products (PTPs) are processed from purple leaves (PTLs) and combine unique color, flavors, superior health benefits, holding promising market potential. However, PTLs contain chemical compositions, the lack of systematic generalization PTPs processing techniques has led to under-representation their qualities. Compared traditional green products, knowledge about is extremely limited lacks a framework linking composition, techniques, which largely exploitation PTPs. This review summarizes composition PTLs, highlights variations across effects on flavor qualities It also explores potential benefits examines challenges incorporating into food industry, offering insights applications. The characterized by its polyphenolic profile, rich in anthocyanins, catechins, O-methyl aroma components such as α/β-ionone linalool. requires suitable methods maximize health-promoting effects. offer notable including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, neuroprotective, anti-obesity effects, primarily due components. Additionally, show great natural colorants applications dietary supplements tea-flavored beverages. Based these overviews, key possible future research directions outlined, especially advancing production systematically evaluating expanding

Language: Английский

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Identification and Evaluation of Colour Change in Rosemary and Biluochun Tea Infusions

Metabolites, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. 265 - 265

Published: April 11, 2025

The colour of tea beverages during processing and storage significantly influences their visual quality. However, natural pink products are rare. This study investigated the mechanism behind colouration in mixed infusion Biluochun (a green tea) rosemary. Infusions (B), rosemary (R), mixture (BR), brewed with boiling water for 10 min, were analysed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Additionally, pH value pigment content measured. A total 134 differential metabolites (DEMs) detected. Kyoto Encyclopedia Genes Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed that phenylalanine metabolism tyrosine pathways enriched abundant DEMs. Some amino acids BR degradation. pelargonin, a compound anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway, was elevated compared to B R. DEMs related fatty acid at low levels BR. Other compounds, such as quercetin, caffeate, rosmarinic acid, isoferulic also more No significant differences found among three infusions. model formation proposed based on results this study. substances released brewing process. Tyrosine converted into p-coumaric which further reacted form pelargonin. Pelargonin, an orange-red (pH ≈ 5.0) anthocyanin, primary contributor formed co-pigments caffeic isovaleric acid. These stabilised or enhanced pelargonin through co-pigmentation. findings provide theoretical basis optimising techniques improving quality control beverage production.

Language: Английский

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Genome-wide identification of tea plant (Camellia sinensis) BAHD acyltransferases reveals their role in response to herbivorous pests

BMC Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: April 1, 2024

Abstract Background BAHD acyltransferases are among the largest metabolic protein domain families in genomes of terrestrial plants and play important roles plant growth development, aroma formation, biotic abiotic stress responses. Little is known about BAHDs tea plant, a cash crop rich secondary metabolites. Results In this study, 112 genes ( CsBAHD01 - CsBAHD112 ) were identified from genome, with 85% (98/112) unevenly distributed across 15 chromosomes. The number gene family members has significantly expanded wild to assamica type sinensis type. Phylogenetic analysis showed that they could be classified into seven subgroups. Promoter cis -acting element revealed contain large light, phytohormones, stress-responsive elements. Many displayed tissue-specific expression patterns. CsBAHD05 was expressed at more than 500-fold higher levels purple leaves green leaves. exhibiting most significant response MeJA treatment feeding by herbivorous pests primarily concentrated subgroups 5 6. 23 these two different time points after leafhoppers geometrids examined via qPCR, results CsBAHD93 , CsBAHD94 CsBAHD95 induced subjected both pricking chewing pests. Moreover, based on transcriptome data for being fed pests, transcriptional regulatory network transcription factor coexpressed constructed. Conclusions Our study provides new insights role defense plants, will facilitate in-depth studies molecular function resistance

Language: Английский

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Transcriptomic Analyses Reveal Light-Induced Anthocyanin Accumulation in Lycium ruthenicum Murray

Horticulturae, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(3), P. 256 - 256

Published: Feb. 27, 2025

Light plays a crucial role in anthocyanin biosynthesis and color development plants. Anthocyanins found Lycium ruthenicum Murray are for the plant’s defense against UV light environmental stress, as well their economic value functional foods nutraceuticals due to high antioxidant content. Despite this, molecular mechanisms underlying this process remain incompletely understood. This study explores that drive light-regulated accumulation L. berries by conducting shading treatments analyzing transcriptomic data. Results indicated from 5 25 days post-flowering greatly impedes synthesis of anthocyanin, even if exposure is increased afterward. suggests early stages fruit accumulation. In regular lighting conditions, total 22 types were detected, with Delphinidin-3-O-(p-coumaroyl)-glucoside (611) Petunidin-3-O-rutinoside (933) being most prevalent. When exposed light, there was greater presence (933), resulting black appearance, whereas those not had lighter higher levels (611). RNA-Seq analysis showed notable decrease expression genes involved pathway (such CHS, CHI, F3H, F3′H, F3′5′H, DFR, ANS) following shading. Key regulatory like GRAS, HD-ZIP, MADS, mTERF response light. A proposed model has been developed elucidate mechanism which controls providing insights into signal regulation. Our findings provide data improve understanding light-induced berries.

Language: Английский

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