Applied Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(21), P. 10052 - 10052
Published: Nov. 4, 2024
This
research
developed
smart
integrated
hybrid
renewable
systems
for
small
energy
communities
and
applied
them
to
a
real
system
achieve
self-sufficiency
promote
sustainable
decentralized
generation.
It
compares
stand-alone
(SA)
grid-connected
(GC)
configurations
using
optimized
mathematical
model
data-driven
optimization,
with
economic
analysis
of
various
combinations
(PV,
Wind,
PHS,
BESS,
Grid)
search
the
optimal
solution.
Four
cases
were
developed:
two
(SA1:
PV
+
Wind
SA2:
PHS
BESS)
(GC1:
Grid,
GC2:
Grid).
GC2
shows
most
economical
stable
cash
flow
(−€123.2
annually),
low
CO2
costs
(€367.2),
91.7%
grid
independence,
requiring
125
kW
installed
power.
While
GC
options
had
lower
initial
investments
(between
€157k
€205k),
SA
provided
levelized
(LCOE)
ranging
from
€0.039
€0.044/kWh.
The
integration
pumped
hydropower
storage
enhances
supporting
peak
loads
up
days
capacity
2.17
MWh.
Electronics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
13(18), P. 3754 - 3754
Published: Sept. 21, 2024
Microgrids
have
emerged
as
a
key
element
in
the
transition
towards
sustainable
and
resilient
energy
systems
by
integrating
renewable
sources
enabling
decentralized
management.
This
systematic
review,
conducted
using
PRISMA
methodology,
analyzed
74
peer-reviewed
articles
from
total
of
4205
studies
published
between
2014
2024.
review
examines
critical
areas
such
reinforcement
learning,
multi-agent
systems,
predictive
modeling,
storage,
optimization
algorithms—essential
for
improving
microgrid
efficiency
reliability.
Emerging
technologies
like
artificial
intelligence
(AI),
Internet
Things,
flexible
power
electronics
are
highlighted
enhancing
management
operational
performance.
However,
challenges
persist
AI
into
complex,
real-time
control
managing
distributed
resources.
also
identifies
research
opportunities
to
enhance
scalability,
resilience,
efficiency,
reaffirming
their
vital
role
solutions.
