Neuroinflammation in Acute Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke

Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(8), P. 407 - 431

Published: July 3, 2023

Language: Английский

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Research progress on the mechanism and markers of metabolic disorders in the occurrence and development of cognitive dysfunction after ischemic stroke

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

Post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is a common complication following stroke that significantly affects patients’ quality of life and rehabilitation outcomes. It also imposes heavy economic burden. There an urgent need to better understand the pathophysiology pathogenesis PSCI, as well identify markers can predict PSCI early in clinical stage, facilitating prevention, monitoring, treatment. Although mechanisms underlying are complex multifaceted, involving factors such atherosclerosis neuroinflammation, metabolic disorders play critical role. This article primarily reviews relationship between three major nutrients—sugar, fat, protein—and development dysfunction ischemic (IS). aims elucidate how these disturbances contribute post-stroke explore potential biomarkers for PSCI. We believe this review will offer new insights into identification, treatment, prognostic assessment

Language: Английский

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The association between triglyceride-glucose index and its combination with post-stroke depression: NHANES 2005–2018

BMC Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: March 14, 2025

Growing evidence indicates a link between insulin resistance and post-stroke depression (PSD). This study employed the triglyceride glucose (TyG) index as measure of to investigate its relationship with PSD. cross-sectional utilized data from National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (2005–2018). PSD was assessed using patient health questionnaires, while TyG calculated based on fasting venous blood levels. The formula used for is ln[triglycerides (mg/dL) × (mg/dL)/2]. Participants were categorized into four groups according quartiles. A weighted multivariable logistic regression model applied examine total 1217 patients included in study, which 232 diagnosed divided quartiles (Q1-Q4) analysis. After adjusting potential confounders, we found significant positive association highest quartile (Q4: ≥9.33) (OR = 2.51, 95% CI: 1.04–6.07, p 0.041). suggests that U.S. adult stroke population, individuals higher indices are more likely experience depressive symptoms. Subgroup analysis further confirmed stable independent (all trend > 0.05). In this large our results suggest among US adults who have experienced stroke, those levels exhibit provides novel approach clinical prevention Patients population may require closer psychological monitoring timely intervention. Additionally, since only levels, it can help identify high-risk patients, particularly regions limited healthcare resources.

Language: Английский

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Associations of reverse triiodothyronine serum levels with anxiety, depression, and health related quality of life after experiencing acute ischemic stroke

Frontiers in Neurology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

This study intended to explore associations of reverse triiodothyronine (rT3) with emotional disturbances and health-related quality life (HRQoL) after experiencing acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Serum samples from individuals AIS were collected on admission three Lithuania centers investigated for free tetraiodothyronine, (fT3), rT3, thyroid stimulating hormone levels. At discharge, disturbance was evaluated using the Hospital Depression Anxiety Scale (HADS), HRQoL EQ-5D-5L scale. Analyses included 159 (59.7% male 40.3% female; mean (SD) aged 66.4 [10.3] years), 52.83% which showed increased rT3 levels upon admission. After adjustment age, sex, National Institutes Health Stroke scores, previous stroke, modified Rankin before ≤ 2, diabetes mellitus, multivariable linear regression revealed negative HADS total score (β = -0.163; p 0.046) HADS-D subscale -0.187; 0.019). supported a positive relationship between fT3 ratio 0.157; × product EQ-5D index 0.044 β 0.179; 0.023, respectively). We found that who experienced had higher at hospital less better when discharged.

Language: Английский

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Immunohistochemical and histomorphologic characterization of canine neoplasms of the disseminated neuroendocrine system

Veterinary Pathology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 21, 2025

Canine neoplasms of the diffuse neuroendocrine system are an enigmatic and heterogeneous group with a wide spectrum immunohistochemical properties morphologic features. Through utilization tissue microarrays, 82 canine disseminated from 16 different anatomic locations were evaluated. The prototypical neoplasm was composed rounded polygonal neoplastic cells arranged in packets supported by delicate fibrovascular stroma. Neoplastic typically had moderate quantities pale eosinophilic cytoplasm stippled numerous fine argyrophilic granules, round nuclei finely chromatin, inconspicuous nucleoli. Immunohistochemical assays utilized this study included chromogranin A, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2), pan-cytokeratin, oligodendrocyte transcription factor (OLIG2), gene product 9.5 (PGP9.5), vimentin, synaptophysin, neuronal (NeuN), S100, SRY-related HMG-box 10 (SOX10), glial fibrillary acidic (GFAP), insulinoma-associated 1 (INSM1), CD56, antigen Kiel 67 (Ki67). 4 that positive over 50% cases PGP9.5 (77/82, 94%), NSE (68/82, 83%), synaptophysin (59/82, 72%), A (56/82, 69%). In 81/82 (99%) cases, immunolabeled at least these assays, thus, deemed most useful when attempting to substantiate is origin.

Language: Английский

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Artificial Intelligence in Central-Peripheral Interaction Organ Crosstalk: The Future of Drug Discovery and Clinical Trials

Pharmacological Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 107734 - 107734

Published: April 1, 2025

Drug discovery before the 20th century often focused on single genes, molecules, cells, or organs, failing to capture complexity of biological systems. The emergence protein-protein interaction network studies in 2001 marked a turning point and promoted holistic approach that considers human body as an interconnected system. This is particularly evident study bidirectional interactions between central nervous system (CNS) peripheral which are critical for understanding health disease. Understanding these complex requires integrating multi-scale, heterogeneous data from molecular organ levels, encompassing both omics (e.g., genomics, proteomics, microbiomics) non-omics imaging, clinical phenotypes). Artificial intelligence (AI), multi-modal models, has demonstrated significant potential analyzing CNS-peripheral by processing vast, datasets. Specifically, AI facilitates identification biomarkers, prediction therapeutic targets, simulation drug effects multi-organ systems, thereby paving way novel strategies. review highlights AI's transformative role research, focusing its applications unraveling disease mechanisms, discovering optimizing trials through patient stratification adaptive trial design.

Language: Английский

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Morphological, histopathological and brain transcriptomic assessment reveal reproductive toxicity and neurotoxicity in western mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) exposed to levonorgestrel

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 296, P. 118153 - 118153

Published: April 11, 2025

Language: Английский

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Disruption in the human microbiome causing behavioural changes in bipolar disorder

International review of neurobiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Associations of Free and Reverse Triiodothyronine with Long-Term All-Cause Mortality After Acute Ischemic Stroke and Acute Myocardial Infarction

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 1563 - 1563

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

Background: Arterial thrombosis (AT), the main clinical manifestations of which are ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke (IS), is associated with lowered free triiodothyronine (fT3) in acute (aIS) myocardial infarction (aMI) but increased reverse T3 (rT3) aMI, worse outcomes at one year. Whether such associations remain independent over a longer follow-up period value rT3 aIS largely unknown. This study was dedicated to examining impact fT3 on aMI all-cause mortality 5-year period. Methods: Individuals from Lithuania who experienced aIM were included this study. Serum fT3, rT3, thyroxin thyroid-stimulating hormone values examined admission intensive care department. Follow-up for divided into two time periods: 1 5 years. Results: The final (aIS cohort age, 67.5 ± 9.6 years, 41.5% women 61.8 11.4 28% women) consisted 241 289 individuals, respectively. Lower independently (OR = 0.41; 95% CI: 0.17–0.99, p 0.049) aIS, higher 1.69; 1.06–2.67, 0.027) No found between studied hormones years both conditions. Conclusions:

Language: Английский

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Nanomaterial-Based Strategies for Attenuating T-Cell-Mediated Immunodepression in Stroke Patients: Advancing Research Perspectives

International Journal of Nanomedicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: Volume 19, P. 5793 - 5812

Published: June 1, 2024

Abstract: This review article discusses the potential of nanomaterials in targeted therapy and immunomodulation for stroke-induced immunosuppression. Although have been extensively studied various biomedical applications, their specific use studying addressing immunosuppression after stroke remains limited. Stroke-induced neuroinflammation is characterized by T-cell-mediated immunodepression, which leads to increased morbidity mortality. Key observations related immunodepression stroke, including lymphopenia, T-cell dysfunction, regulatory imbalance, cytokine dysregulation, are discussed. Nanomaterials, such as liposomes, micelles, polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers, offer advantages precise delivery drugs T cells, enabling enhanced targeting controlled release immunomodulatory agents. These modulate function, promote neuroregeneration, restore immune responses, providing new avenues treatment. However, challenges biocompatibility, stability, scalability, clinical translation need be addressed. Future research efforts should focus on comprehensive studies validate efficacy safety nanomaterial-based interventions cells Collaborative interdisciplinary approaches necessary advance field translate these innovative strategies into practice, ultimately improving outcomes patient care. Keywords: ischemic neuroinflammation, immunosuppression, nanoparticles

Language: Английский

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