Contributions of City-Specific Fine Particulate Matter (PM_2.5) to Differential In Vitro Oxidative Stress and Toxicity Implications between Beijing and Guangzhou of China

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 53(5), P. 2881 - 2891

Published: Feb. 7, 2019

Growing literature has documented varying toxic potencies of source- or site-specific fine particulate matter (PM2.5), as opposed to the practice that treats particle toxicities independent composition given incomplete understanding toxicity constituents. Quantifying component-specific contribution is key unlocking geographical disparities from a mixture perspective. In this study, we performed integrated mixture–toxicity experiments and modeling quantify metals polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), two default culprit component groups PM2.5 toxicity, in vitro oxidative stress caused by wintertime Beijing Guangzhou, megacities China. exhibited greater at equal mass concentrations. The targeted chemical analysis revealed higher burden PAHs per unit Beijing. These chemicals together explained 38 24% on average PM2.5-induced reactive oxygen species respectively, while >60% effects remained be resolved terms contributing chemicals. contributed approximately twice share metals. Fe, Cu, Mn were dominant metals, constituting >80% metal-shared proportion effects. Dibenzo[a,l]pyrene alone >65% PAH-shared significant coal combustion vehicular emissions suggested major source toxicologically active between cities. Our study provided novel quantitative insights into role profiles shaping differential city-specific pollution.

Language: Английский

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Experimental and field applications of nanotechnology for enhanced oil recovery purposes: A review

Fuel, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 324, P. 124669 - 124669

Published: May 31, 2022

Language: Английский

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Organic Peroxides in Aerosol: Key Reactive Intermediates for Multiphase Processes in the Atmosphere

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 123(4), P. 1635 - 1679

Published: Jan. 11, 2023

Organic peroxides (POs) are organic molecules with one or more peroxide (−O–O−) functional groups. POs commonly regarded as chemically labile termination products from gas-phase radical chemistry and therefore serve temporary reservoirs for oxidative radicals (HOx ROx) in the atmosphere. Owing to their ubiquity, active gas-particle partitioning behavior, reactivity, key reactive intermediates atmospheric multiphase processes determining life cycle (formation, growth, aging), climate, health impacts of aerosol. However, there remain substantial gaps origin, molecular diversity, fate due complex nature dynamic behavior. Here, we summarize current understanding on POs, a focus identification quantification, state-of-the-art analytical developments, molecular-level formation mechanisms, chemical transformation pathways, well environmental impacts. We find that interactions SO2 transition metal ions generally fast PO pathways liquid water, lifetimes estimated be minutes hours, while hydrolysis is particularly important α-substituted hydroperoxides. Meanwhile, photolysis thermolysis likely minor sinks POs. These distinctly different fates, such reaction OH radicals, which highlights need understand By summarizing advances remaining challenges investigation propose future research priorities regarding fate,

Language: Английский

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Diesel exhaust PM2.5 greatly deteriorates fibrosis process in pre-existing pulmonary fibrosis via ferroptosis

Environment International, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 171, P. 107706 - 107706

Published: Dec. 19, 2022

Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been widely reported to contribute the pathogenesis of pulmonary diseases. The direct hazardous effect PM2.5 on respiratory system at high concentrations in vitro and vivo have well identified. However, its pre-existing diseases patients environment-related remains unclear. Diesel exhaust as a primary representative ambient fine particles were used investigated fibrosis progression existing disease models. This study that could result enhanced sensitivity fibrotic response, which may be ascribed ferroptosis induced by damaged lung areas. Proteomic analysis revealed upregulation HO-1 key mechanism exacerbation PM2.5. As result, degraded heme-containing protein released iron cells, leading generation mitochondrial ROS impaired function. Transmission electron microscopic assay verified entered mitochondria cells was accompanied significant morphological changes characterized increased membrane density reduced size. inhibitor zinc protoporphyrin mitochondrion-targeted antioxidant Mito-TEMPO significantly attenuated PM2.5-induced fibrosis. In addition, AMPK-ULK1 axis-triggered autophagy activation NCOA4-mediated degradation ferritin found related cells. evidenced inhibition with 3-methyladenine or AMPK inhibitor, NCOA4 knockdown decreased intracellular accumulation lipid peroxidation, thereby relieving epithelial-mesenchymal transition cell death Overall, this provided experimental support for idea greatly deteriorates process fibrosis, HO-1-mediated dysfunction ferritinophagy are jointly required effects.

Language: Английский

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PFAS on atmospheric aerosol particles: a review

Environmental Science Processes & Impacts, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 25(2), P. 133 - 150

Published: April 7, 2022

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent organic pollutants of concern to human health. These synthetic chemicals in widespread use for consumer products, firefighting foams, industrial applications. They have been detected all over the globe, including at remote locations distant from any possible point sources. One mechanism long-range transport PFAS is through sorption aerosol particles atmosphere. can be transferred sea surface spray wave breaking bubble bursting, emitted atmosphere gas phase sorb particulate matter gas-particle partitioning. Here we present a comprehensive review global measurements on ambient dating back first reports early 2000s. We summarize findings historically important C8 species, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) perfluorooctane sulfonic (PFOS), detection isomers size-segregated measurements, as well studies newer emerging PFAS. conclude that long-term monitoring should expanded include more measurement sites under-sampled regions world further non-targeted work identify novel structures needed manufacturing regulations continue evolve.

Language: Английский

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Spontaneous dark formation of OH radicals at the interface of aqueous atmospheric droplets

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 120(15)

Published: April 3, 2023

Hydroxyl radical (OH) is a key oxidant that triggers atmospheric oxidation chemistry in both gas and aqueous phases. The current understanding of its sources mainly based on known bulk (photo)chemical processes, uptake from gaseous OH, or related to interfacial O

Language: Английский

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Impact of air pollution on ischemic heart disease: Evidence, mechanisms, clinical perspectives

Atherosclerosis, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 366, P. 22 - 31

Published: Jan. 20, 2023

Ambient air pollution, and especially particulate matter (PM) pollution <2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5), has clearly emerged as an important yet often overlooked risk factor for atherosclerosis ischemic heart disease (IHD). In this review, we examine the available evidence demonstrating how acute chronic PM2.5 exposure clinically translates into a heightened coronary atherosclerotic burden increased of events. Moreover, provide insights pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying PM2.5-mediated atherosclerosis, focusing on specific biological mechanism through which exerts its detrimental effects. Further, discuss about possible that explain recent findings reporting strong association between severe respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, exposure, morbidity mortality from IHD. We also address mitigation strategies should be implemented to reduce impact cardiovascular mortality, underscoring need clinical trials efficacy interventions (including both reduction and/or drugs) reducing incidence Finally, introduce emerging concept exposome, highlighting close relationship other environmental exposures (i.e.: traffic noise climate change) terms common strategies.

Language: Английский

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Achieving health-oriented air pollution control requires integrating unequal toxicities of industrial particles

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Oct. 14, 2023

Protecting human health from fine particulate matter (PM) pollution is the ambitious goal of clean air actions, but current control strategies largely ignore role source-specific PM toxicity. Here, we proposed health-oriented by integrating unequal toxic potencies most polluting industrial PMs. Iron and steel industry (ISI)-emitted PM2.5 exhibit about one order magnitude higher potency than those cement power industries. Compared with mass-based strategy (prioritizing implementation ultralow emission standards in sector), (priority ISI sector) could generate 5.4 times reduction population-weighted potency-adjusted exposure among industries China. Furthermore, marginal abatement cost per unit mass ISI-emitted only a quarter that other two sectors under scenarios. We highlight urgently required to achieve cost-effective reductions risks.

Language: Английский

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Bacteria and Antibiotic Resistance Genes (ARGs) in PM_2.5 from China: Implications for Human Exposure

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 53(2), P. 963 - 972

Published: Dec. 10, 2018

Airborne transmission is one of the environmental dissemination pathways antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and has critical implications for human exposure through inhalation. In this study, we focused on three regions China to reveal some unique spatiotemporal features airborne bacteria ARGs in fine aerosols (PM2.5): (1) greater seasonal variations abundance temperate urban Beijing than subtropical areas Yangtze River Delta (YRD) Pearl (PRD) regions, with regional disparities bacterial communities; (2) geographical fingerprints ARG profiles independent cycles land-use gradients within each region; (3) region-independent associations between targeted limited genera; (4) common correlations mobile genetic elements (MGEs) across regions; (5) PM2.5 at higher end enrichment various media. The spatiotemporally differentiated communities abundances, compositions, mobility, potential hosts atmosphere have strong inhalational over scales. By comparing other contributing intake (e.g., drinking water food ingestion) U.S.A., identified region-specific importance inhalation as well country-specific scenarios. Our study thus highlights significance an integral part aggregate environmentally disseminated ARGs, which, turn, may help formulation adaptive strategies mitigate risks beyond.

Language: Английский

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Reactive Oxygen Species Formed by Secondary Organic Aerosols in Water and Surrogate Lung Fluid

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 20, 2018

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a central role in adverse health effects of air pollutants. Respiratory deposition fine particulate matter can lead to the formation ROS epithelial lining fluid, potentially causing oxidative stress and inflammation. Secondary organic aerosols (SOA) account for large fraction matter, but their is unclear. Here, we quantify compare yields potential isoprene, β-pinene, naphthalene SOA water surrogate lung fluid (SLF). In pure water, isoprene β-pinene were found produce mainly OH radicals, whereas produced H2O2 O2•-. The total molar 11.8% 8.2% decreased 8.5% 5.2% SLF, which be attributed removal by antioxidants. A positive correlation between peroxide concentration yield suggests that (hydro)peroxides may an important from biogenic SOA. was 1.7% increased 11.3% SLF. This strong increase likely due redox reaction cycles involving environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFR) or semiquinones, antioxidants, oxygen, promote anthropogenic aromatic precursors.

Language: Английский

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