Validation of an E-cigarette Purchase Task in Advanced Generation Device Users

Nicotine & Tobacco Research, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 22(10), P. 1851 - 1859

Published: April 7, 2020

Behavioral economic purchase tasks are used to estimate the reinforcing value of drugs by asking participants how much they would across a range increasing prices. We sought validate such task for e-cigarettes in experienced users advanced generation, tank-style devices. Dual cigarettes and (N = 54) exclusive e-cigarette 59) attended one session during which completed assessments including two versions E-cigarette Purchase Task: that asked many puffs their 24 hours at varying prices mLs e-liquid purchase. correlated outcomes with other measures use. also compared dual users. Indices derived from mLs-based were more likely be self-reported use rates, dependence, cotinine levels than puffs-based task. Exclusive showed greater demand on only version when using an F-test comparison method, while multivariate analysis variance (MANOVA) results Results indicate had validity terms clinical indices. may still trajectory fully switching e-cigarettes; thus, as measure intuitive, this is shared e-cigarettes. For users, unit most relevant better capture product. have been widely understand nicotine developed generation found better-reflected patterns relative version, suggests struggle place monetary consumption (ie, puffs). Validated reinforcement will important researchers regulators determine features these products contribute efficacy.

Language: Английский

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The effects of social context and opportunity cost on the behavioral economic value of cannabis.

Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 37(1), P. 156 - 165

Published: Dec. 8, 2022

Behavioral economics suggest that cannabis reinforcing value (cannabis demand) may be influenced by external, contextual factors such as the social reward might accompany use and presence of opportunity costs (e.g., a next-day responsibility adversely impact). The present study examined effect context cost on demand explored whether relations were moderated severity.

Language: Английский

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Using an Optimized Marijuana Purchase Task to Examine Cannabis Demand in Relation to Cannabis Misuse in Heavy Drinking Emerging Adults

Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 82(3), P. 351 - 361

Published: May 1, 2021

A behavioral economic approach to cannabis misuse emphasizes a crucial role of high drug demand (i.e., reinforcing value), which may be measured using marijuana purchase task (MPT). The multiple indices from this measure have been associated with misuse, but somewhat inconsistently, possibly because variability across studies. Based on recent qualitative research, the current study implemented an optimized MPT examine underlying factor structure and relationship between both motivation change. Participants were two independent samples emerging adults who reported use heavy episodic drinking in last month, one Canadian (n = 396) other American 275). Both assessed MPT, Cannabis Use Disorder Identification Test (CUDIT), Marijuana Adverse Consequences Questionnaire (MACQ), readiness change items. Principal component analyses revealed same two-factor latent samples, interpreted as Amplitude (intensity, Omax, elasticity) Persistence (breakpoint, Pmax). Regressions that was significantly CUDIT MACQ samples. In sample, also MACQ, factors generated parallel consistently misuse. findings indicate robust relevance for relation suggest links sample-specific.

Language: Английский

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The Blinded-Dose Purchase Task: assessing hypothetical demand based on cocaine, methamphetamine, and alcohol administration

Psychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 240(4), P. 921 - 933

Published: March 4, 2023

Abstract Rationale Behavioral economic drug purchase tasks quantify the reinforcing value of a (i.e., demand). Although widely used to assess demand, expectancies are rarely accounted for and may introduce variability across participants given diverse experiences. Objectives Three experiments validated extended previous hypothetical by using blinded dose as stimulus, determined demand experienced effects while controlling expectancies. Methods Across three double-blind, placebo-controlled, within-subject experiments, cocaine (0, 125, 250 mg/70 kg; n =12), methamphetamine 20, 40 mg; =19), alcohol 1 g/kg alcohol; =25) were administered was assessed Blinded-Dose Purchase Task. Participants answered questions regarding simulated purchasing increasing prices. Demand metrics, subjective effects, self-reported real-world monetary spending on drugs evaluated. Results Data well modeled curve function, with significantly higher intensity (purchasing at low prices) active doses compared placebo all experiments. Unit-price analyses revealed more persistent consumption prices (lower α ) in lower condition (a similar non-significant finding emerged cocaine). Significant associations between peak also Conclusions Orderly data differences conditions, relations measures spending, effects. enabled parsimonious comparisons doses. lend credence validity Task, which allows control

Language: Английский

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Examining the effect of cannabis cues on cannabis demand in sleep, driving, and typical drug-use contexts

Drug and Alcohol Dependence, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 254, P. 111057 - 111057

Published: Dec. 9, 2023

Given the expanding legal cannabis market in U.S., it is vital to understand how context impacts use. Therefore, we explored effect of cues and cannabis-use on demand 79 adults who reported smoking at least weekly. Participants completed a single laboratory session consisting four hypothetical marijuana purchase tasks (MPTs) involving either typical use situation or driving sleep context. The MPTs were alternated with exposure neutral picture based block randomization by gender. Cannabis increased self-reported craving for (p =.044) but did not significantly alter (ps =0.093–0.845). In context, participants demonstrated significant reduction demand, indicated lower intensity <0.001), Omax Pmax breakpoint =.003), higher α <0.001). was associated greater <0.006) nonsignificant effects other indices =0.123–0.707). Finally, =.013) =.035) typical-use These findings suggest that behavior sensitive contingencies surrounding after may also be contexts presence cues. Since this first study examine contexts, caution against drawing broad conclusions until future research conducted replicate these findings.

Language: Английский

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Initial development and validation of a brief assessment of marijuana demand among young adult college students.

Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 31(2), P. 318 - 323

Published: Sept. 8, 2022

Hypothetical purchase tasks assess substance demand, but the length of makes repeated assessment state-dependent changes in demand difficult, often limiting clinical utility. Although brief assessments alcohol and cigarette exist, measures cannabis do not. College students (

Language: Английский

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Reliability of an adaptive marijuana purchase task.

Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 31(2), P. 491 - 497

Published: Sept. 29, 2022

Purchase tasks are used to measure the value, or demand, for various substances by assessing amount of a substance individuals would purchase across series escalating prices. Marijuana task (MPT) has been previously developed; however, cannabis can be consumed in forms and measurements, thus raising questions about applicability MPT users. An adaptive was developed allow participants select their preferred product (e.g., herbal, dabs) division hits, grams). Little research done assess temporal stability these measures. Participants (

Language: Английский

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Prospective associations between sleep disturbances and cannabis use among Veterans: A behavioral economic approach

Addictive Behaviors, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 134, P. 107424 - 107424

Published: July 13, 2022

Language: Английский

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Can I see some ID? Examining validity of the marijuana purchase task among late adolescent cannabis users.

Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 31(1), P. 238 - 247

Published: May 19, 2022

Cannabis demand (i.e., reinforcing value) can be assessed using a marijuana purchase task (MPT; assesses hypothetical purchasing of cannabis at escalating prices) and has been related to use frequency, problems, disorder symptoms in adults. yet studied adolescents, which inform prevention intervention efforts reduce cannabis-related risks. The present study sought validate the MPT with sample late adolescent lifetime users. Participants aged 15-18 years old (n = 115, Mage 16.9, SD 0.9) residing state legalized completed online assessments baseline 6-month follow-up. Convergent divergent validity was examined, while principal component analysis conducted determine factor structure assess predictive validity. Three indices, Omax maximum expenditure on cannabis), breakpoint price suppressing consumption zero), alpha degree decreases increasing price) were all significantly associated use, consequences, craving, expenditures differentiated low-risk users high-risk as measured by Use Disorders Identification Test-Revised (CUDIT-R). A two-factor solution reflecting amplitude (intensity, alpha, Omax) persistence (breakpoint, Pmax) observed. Both factors consequences regression models. At follow-up, consequences; not either outcome. These findings provide initial evidence that is valid measure for assessing among adolescents used understand mechanisms use. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, rights reserved).

Language: Английский

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Efficiently Quantifying Egocentric Social Network Cannabis Use: Initial Psychometric Validation of the Brief Cannabis Social Density Assessment

Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 85(6), P. 885 - 894

Published: May 30, 2024

Social environment is a key determinant of substance use, but cannabis-related social network analysis not common, in part because the assessment burden comprehensive egocentric analysis. The current pre-registered secondary assessed psychometric properties (i.e., convergent, criterion-related, incremental validity) Brief Cannabis Density Assessment (B-CaSDA) cross-sectional sample adults who use cannabis (N = 310) using survey-based design. B-CaSDA assesses quantity and frequency for respondent's four closest (nonparent) relationships. Ego severity was elevated each additional person used at all or daily individual's network. indices frequency, quantity, total score) were positively correlated with consumption, indicators, established risk factors harmful use. also discriminated between those above below clinical cutoff on Use Disorder Identification Test-Revised (CUDIT-R). Finally, omnibus models that included common severity, index contributed variance when predicting CUDIT-R score, quantity-frequency subscale. results suggest has potential to expand research misuse by increasing its feasibility diverse designs.

Language: Английский

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