Cells,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
12(5), P. 736 - 736
Published: Feb. 24, 2023
Amyotrophic
lateral
sclerosis
(ALS)
is
a
fatal
neurodegenerative
disease
characterized
by
loss
of
upper
and
lower
motor
neurons,
resulting
in
progressive
weakness
all
voluntary
muscles
eventual
respiratory
failure.
Non-motor
symptoms,
such
as
cognitive
behavioral
changes,
frequently
occur
over
the
course
disease.
Considering
its
poor
prognosis
with
median
survival
time
2
to
4
years
limited
causal
treatment
options,
an
early
diagnosis
ALS
plays
essential
role.
In
past,
has
primarily
been
determined
clinical
findings
supported
electrophysiological
laboratory
measurements.
To
increase
diagnostic
accuracy,
reduce
delay,
optimize
stratification
trials
provide
quantitative
monitoring
progression
responsivity,
research
on
disease-specific
feasible
fluid
biomarkers,
neurofilaments,
intensely
pursued.
Advances
imaging
techniques
have
additionally
yielded
benefits.
Growing
perception
greater
availability
genetic
testing
facilitate
identification
pathogenic
ALS-related
gene
mutations,
predictive
access
novel
therapeutic
agents
addressing
disease-modified
therapies
before
advent
first
symptoms.
Lately,
personalized
prediction
models
proposed
offer
more
detailed
disclosure
for
patient.
this
review,
established
procedures
future
directions
diagnostics
are
summarized
serve
practical
guideline
improve
pathway
burdensome
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
9
Published: Feb. 14, 2022
Neurofilament
light
(NFL)
is
one
of
the
proteins
forming
multimeric
neuron-specific
intermediate
filaments,
neurofilaments,
which
fill
axonal
cytoplasm,
establish
caliber
growth,
and
provide
structural
support.
Dominant
missense
mutations
recessive
nonsense
in
neurofilament
gene
(
Biomedicines,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
10(4), P. 850 - 850
Published: April 5, 2022
In
the
115
years
since
discovery
of
Alzheimer’s
disease
(AD),
our
knowledge,
diagnosis,
and
therapeutics
have
significantly
improved.
Biomarkers
are
primary
tools
for
clinical
research,
diagnostics,
therapeutic
monitoring
in
trials.
They
provide
much
insightful
information,
while
they
not
clinically
used
routinely,
help
us
to
understand
mechanisms
this
disease.
This
review
charts
journey
AD
biomarker
development
from
cerebrospinal
fluid
(CSF)
amyloid-beta
1-42
(Aβ42),
total
tau
(T-tau),
phosphorylated
(p-tau)
biomarkers
imaging
technologies
next
generation
biomarkers.
We
also
discuss
advanced
high-sensitivity
assay
platforms
CSF
Aβ42,
T-tau,
p-tau,
blood
analysis.
The
recently
proposed
Aβ
deposition/tau
biomarker/neurodegeneration
or
neuronal
injury
(ATN)
scheme
might
facilitate
definition
biological
status
underpinning
offer
a
common
language
among
researchers
across
biochemical
imaging.
Moreover,
we
highlight
blood-based
that
scalable
alternative
through
cost-saving
reduced
invasiveness,
may
an
understanding
initiation
development.
different
groups
candidates,
their
advantages
limitations,
paths
forward,
identification
analysis
validation.
valid
implementation
future
diagnostics.
To
investigate
whether
white
matter
lesion
activity,
acute
axonal
damage,
density
in
MS
associate
with
CSF
neurofilament
light
chain
(NfL)
levels.
Methods
Of
101
brain
donors
(n
=
92
progressive
MS,
n
9
relapsing-remitting
MS),
ventricular
was
collected,
NfL
levels
were
measured.
White
lesions
classified
as
active,
mixed,
inactive,
or
remyelinated,
microglia/macrophage
morphology
active
mixed
ramified,
ameboid,
foamy.
In
addition,
damage
assessed
using
Bielschowsky
amyloid
precursor
protein
(APP)
(immune)histochemistry.
Results
measurements
of
recent
(<1
year)
clinically
silent
stroke
excluded.
correlated
negatively
disease
duration
(p
=
6.9e-3,
r
0.31).
without
atrophy,
positively
the
proportion
containing
foamy
microglia/macrophages
9.85e-10
p
1.75e-3,
respectively),
but
not
those
ramified
microglia.
proportions
inactive
5.66e-3)
remyelinated
0.03).
normal
appearing
pyramid
tract,
(Bielschowsky,
0.02,
−0.31),
presence
related
to
higher
(APP,
1.17e-6).
The
amount
rim
when
compared
4.6e-3
center
border
(center:
4.6e-3,
border,
n.s.,
p
0.03
0.04,
respectively).
Discussion
Our
results
demonstrated
that
microglia
show
high
correlate
elevated
data
support
use
this
biomarker
monitor
inflammatory
demyelinating
activity
MS.
Ageing Research Reviews,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
91, P. 102044 - 102044
Published: Aug. 28, 2023
According
to
the
Geroscience
concept
that
organismal
aging
and
age-associated
diseases
share
same
basic
molecular
mechanisms,
identification
of
biomarkers
age
can
efficiently
classify
people
as
biologically
older
(or
younger)
than
their
chronological
(i.e.
calendar)
is
becoming
paramount
importance.
These
will
be
in
fact
at
higher
lower)
risk
for
many
different
diseases,
including
cardiovascular
neurodegeneration,
cancer,
etc.
In
turn,
patients
suffering
from
these
are
healthy
age-matched
individuals.
Many
correlate
with
have
been
described
so
far.
The
aim
present
review
discuss
usefulness
some
(especially
soluble,
circulating
ones)
order
identify
frail
patients,
possibly
before
appearance
clinical
symptoms,
well
diseases.
An
overview
selected
discussed
this
regard,
particular
we
focus
on
related
metabolic
stress
response,
inflammation,
cell
death
(in
neurodegeneration),
all
phenomena
connected
inflammaging
(chronic,
low-grade,
inflammation).
second
part
review,
next-generation
markers
such
extracellular
vesicles
cargos,
epigenetic
gut
microbiota
composition,
discussed.
Since
recent
progresses
omics
techniques
allowed
an
exponential
increase
production
laboratory
data
also
field
age,
making
it
difficult
extract
biological
meaning
huge
mass
available
data,
Artificial
Intelligence
(AI)
approaches
increasingly
important
strategy
extracting
knowledge
raw
providing
practitioners
actionable
information
treat
patients.
Cells,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
12(5), P. 736 - 736
Published: Feb. 24, 2023
Amyotrophic
lateral
sclerosis
(ALS)
is
a
fatal
neurodegenerative
disease
characterized
by
loss
of
upper
and
lower
motor
neurons,
resulting
in
progressive
weakness
all
voluntary
muscles
eventual
respiratory
failure.
Non-motor
symptoms,
such
as
cognitive
behavioral
changes,
frequently
occur
over
the
course
disease.
Considering
its
poor
prognosis
with
median
survival
time
2
to
4
years
limited
causal
treatment
options,
an
early
diagnosis
ALS
plays
essential
role.
In
past,
has
primarily
been
determined
clinical
findings
supported
electrophysiological
laboratory
measurements.
To
increase
diagnostic
accuracy,
reduce
delay,
optimize
stratification
trials
provide
quantitative
monitoring
progression
responsivity,
research
on
disease-specific
feasible
fluid
biomarkers,
neurofilaments,
intensely
pursued.
Advances
imaging
techniques
have
additionally
yielded
benefits.
Growing
perception
greater
availability
genetic
testing
facilitate
identification
pathogenic
ALS-related
gene
mutations,
predictive
access
novel
therapeutic
agents
addressing
disease-modified
therapies
before
advent
first
symptoms.
Lately,
personalized
prediction
models
proposed
offer
more
detailed
disclosure
for
patient.
this
review,
established
procedures
future
directions
diagnostics
are
summarized
serve
practical
guideline
improve
pathway
burdensome
