Life history mediates the trade‐offs among different components of demographic resilience

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 25(6), P. 1566 - 1579

Published: March 25, 2022

Accelerating rates of biodiversity loss underscore the need to understand how species achieve resilience-the ability resist and recover from a/biotic disturbances. Yet, factors determining resilience remain poorly understood, due disagreements on its definition lack large-scale analyses. Here, we investigate life history 910 natural populations animals plants predicts their intrinsic be resilient. We show that demographic can achieved through different combinations compensation, resistance recovery after a disturbance. demonstrate these components are highly correlated with traits related species' pace reproductive strategy. Species longer generation times require post-disturbance, whilst those greater capacity have compensation. Our findings highlight key role resilience, improving our predict cope disturbance regimes.

Language: Английский

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Bringing traits back into the equation: A roadmap to understand species redistribution

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(4)

Published: April 1, 2024

Abstract Ecological and evolutionary theories have proposed that species traits should be important in mediating responses to contemporary climate change; yet, empirical evidence has so far provided mixed for the role of behavioral, life history, or ecological characteristics facilitating hindering range shifts. As such, utility trait‐based approaches predict redistribution under change been called into question. We develop perspective, supported by evidence, trait variation, if used carefully can high potential utility, but past analyses many cases failed identify an explanatory value not fully embracing complexity First, we discuss relevant theory linking shift processes at leading (expansion) trailing (contraction) edges distributions highlight need clarify mechanistic basis approaches. Second, provide a brief overview shift–trait studies new opportunities integration consider range‐specific intraspecific variability. Third, explore circumstances which environmental biotic context dependencies are likely affect our ability contribution processes. Finally, propose revealing shaping may require accounting methodological variation arising from estimation process as well addressing existing functional, geographical, phylogenetic biases. series considerations more effectively integrating extrinsic factors research. Together, these analytical promise stronger predictive understanding help society mitigate adapt effects on biodiversity.

Language: Английский

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Structured Demographic Buffering: A Framework to Explore the Environmental Components and Demographic Mechanisms Underlying Demographic Buffering

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 28(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Environmental stochasticity is a key determinant of population viability. Decades work exploring how environmental influences dynamics have highlighted the ability some natural populations to limit negative effects stochasticity, one strategies being demographic buffering. Whilst various methods exist quantify buffering, we still do not know which components and mechanisms are most responsible for buffering observed in populations. Here, introduce framework explore relative impacts (i.e., temporal autocorrelation variance rates) on that underly these structure rates). Using integral projection models, show more sensitive autocorrelation. In addition, impact through distinct mechanisms—i.e., rates, respectively.

Language: Английский

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Generation length of the world's amphibians and reptiles

Ecography, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 19, 2025

Variation in life histories influences demographic processes, from adaptive changes to population declines leading extinction. Among history traits, generation length offers a critical feature forecast species' trajectories such as (widely used by the IUCN Red List) and adaptability environmental change over time. Therefore, estimates of are crucial monitor stability or predict future highly threatened organisms, particularly amphibians reptiles, which among vertebrates for uncertainty impacts remains high. Despite its importance, reptiles is largely missing. Here, we aim fill this gap modeling lengths amphibians, squamates testudines function species size, climate, phylogeny using generalized additive models phylogenetic least squares. We estimated 5059 (57%) 8722 (73%) 117 (32%) testudines. Our performed well most families (e.g. Bufonidae Lacertidae Colubridae squamates, Geoemydidae testudines) while found high around prediction few families, notably Chamaeleonidae. Species' body size mean temperature were main predictors all groups. Although our not meant substitute robust validated measurements field studies natural museums, they can help reduce existing biases conservation assessments until data comprehensively available.

Language: Английский

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Functional traits and their plasticity shift from tolerant to avoidant under extreme drought

Ecology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 103(12)

Published: July 20, 2022

Abstract Under climate change, extreme droughts will limit water availability for plants. However, the species‐specific responses make it difficult to draw general conclusions. We hypothesized that changes in species' abundance response drought can be best explained by a set of economic traits under ambient conditions combination with ability adjust these towards higher resistance. conducted 4‐year field experiment temperate grasslands using rainout shelters 30% and 50% rainfall reduction. quantified as change species between Abundance was their functional adjustment, most likely reflecting plasticity. Smaller leaved decreased less drought. With increasing intensity, we observed shift from tolerance, i.e., an increase leaf dry matter content, avoidance, negative turgor loss point (TLP) constancy TLP stress importance multidimensional approach variation multiple considering range intensities improve predictions change.

Language: Английский

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Recent exposure to environmental stochasticity does not determine the demographic resilience of natural populations

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 26(7), P. 1186 - 1199

Published: May 9, 2023

Escalating climatic and anthropogenic pressures expose ecosystems worldwide to increasingly stochastic environments. Yet, our ability forecast the responses of natural populations this increased environmental stochasticity is impeded by a limited understanding how exposure environments shapes demographic resilience. Here, we test association between local resilience attributes (e.g. resistance, recovery) 2242 across 369 animal plant species. Contrary assumption that past frequent shifts confers greater cope with current future global change, illustrate recent regimes from 50 years do not predict inherent resistance or recovery potential populations. Instead, strongly predicted phylogenetic relatedness among species, survival developmental investments shaping their stochasticity. Accordingly, findings suggest consequence evolutionary processes and/or deep-time regimes, rather than recent-past experiences.

Language: Английский

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Diversity, distribution and intrinsic extinction vulnerability of exploited marine bivalves

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Aug. 15, 2023

Marine bivalves are important components of ecosystems and exploited by humans for food across the world, but intrinsic vulnerability bivalve species to global changes is poorly known. Here, we expand list shallow-marine known be worldwide, with 720 added beyond 81 in United Nations FAO Production Database, investigate their diversity, distribution extinction using a metric based on ecological traits evolutionary history. The shift richness hotspot from northeast Atlantic west Pacific, 55% families being exploited, concentrated mostly two major clades all body plans. We find that tend larger size, occur shallower waters, have geographic thermal ranges-the last confer extinction-resistance marine bivalves. However, certain regions such as tropical east temperate southeast among those high large fraction regional faunal diversity. Our results pinpoint faunas specific taxa likely concern management conservation.

Language: Английский

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Assessing the global vulnerability of dryland birds to heatwaves

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract As global average surface temperature increases, extreme climatic events such as heatwaves are becoming more frequent and intense, which can drive biodiversity responses rapid population declines and/or shifts in species distributions even local extirpations. However, the impacts of largely ignored conservation plans. Birds known to be susceptible heatwaves, especially dryland ecosystems. Understanding birds most vulnerable where these occur, offer a scientific basis for adaptive management conservation. We assessed relative vulnerability 1196 bird using trait‐based approach. Among them, 888 estimated (170 highly vulnerable, eight extremely vulnerable), ~91% currently considered non‐threatened by IUCN, suggests that many will likely become newly threatened with intensifying climate change. identified top three hotspot areas heatwave‐vulnerable Australia (208 species), Southern Africa (125 species) Eastern (99 species). Populations recorded Living Planet Database were found declining significantly faster than those non‐vulnerable ( p = .048) after occurred. In contrast, no significant difference trends between was detected when heatwave occurred .34). This our framework correctly already impacting species. Our findings help prioritize ecosystems risk mitigation adaptation frequency accelerates coming decades.

Language: Английский

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Fishes move to transient local refuges, not persistent landscape refuges during river drying experiment

Freshwater Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 69(6), P. 792 - 808

Published: April 1, 2024

Abstract Anthropogenically driven flow intermittency is increasing in freshwater streams, with important implications for the management and conservation of aquatic ecosystems. Because most fishes are mobile, they expected to emigrate from intermittent reaches, but this may not be true streams transitioning perennial intermittent. Here, we attempt determine if riverine vacate drying reaches before or remain local refuges. We implemented a controlled, situ experimental reduction resulting intermittency, reducing flows ~1.0 0 m 3 /s over 3‐week period. monitored fish fish‐habitat changes 5‐week period before, during after reductions. During reductions, total wetted habitat was ultimately reduced by 91%. Habitat loss time equal among types: pool increased slightly as run habit lost, backwater isolated habitats were strongly related discharge. Likewise, water depth decreased faster than other habitats. Only river carpsucker Carpiodes carpio appeared move upstream recession; seven species remained within sites. negatively affected populations, at lower rate that which until sites dried completely. Overall, two species, red shiner Cyprinella lutrensis western mosquitofish Gambusia affinis , had population growth study, whereas remaining declines. Fishes able find transient refuges reductions did conditions. Accounting lack emigration anthropogenic flow‐intermittent will designing actions threatened intermittency. Creation refuge effective widely dispersed do actively seek habitats, unless those support enough individuals maintain resilience following

Language: Английский

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Dispersal, glacial refugia and temperature shape biogeographical patterns in European freshwater biodiversity

Global Ecology and Biogeography, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 33(9)

Published: June 27, 2024

Abstract Aim Temperature is regarded as an important driver of broad‐scale biodiversity patterns. However, less known the role dispersal in shaping species and trait distributions, particularly given that had to disperse out glacial refugia after Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Here, we used a unique dataset describing distributions freshwater fauna combined with information evaluate relationships distance temperature. Location Twenty‐five biogeographical regions across Europe. Time Period Data from occurrence were gathered 1978. Major Taxa Studied A total 2816 invertebrate 230 fish species. Methods Using regions, publicly available information, analysed patterns diversity indices (i.e. richness, richness redundancy), distribution β ‐diversity, their relationship regional Results We show European traits are primarily explained by its covarying effect temperature tend be warmer). Specifically, higher proximate lower distant regions. Additionally, communities colder exhibited reduced niche dimensions slower life histories, suggesting increased vulnerability environmental change. Main Conclusions Species more characterized capacities. Accordingly, since LGM, only subset was able colonize while many have spatial ranges constrained capacity, increasing potential for extinction under ongoing climate Therefore, additional conservation measures considering species' capacities required.

Language: Английский

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