Globally Consistent Quantitative Observations of Planktonic Ecosystems

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 6

Published: April 25, 2019

In this paper we review on the technologies available to make globally quantitative observations of particles, in general, and plankton, particular, world oceans, for sizes varying from sub-micron centimeters. Some these have been years while others only recently emerged. Use is critical improve understanding processes that control abundances, distributions composition provide data necessary constrain ecosystem biogeochemical models, forecast changes marine ecosystems light climate change. begin by providing motivation plankton observations, quantification diversity qualification a global scale. We then expand state-of-the-art, detailing variety relevant (mostly) mature measurements, including bulk measurements pigment composition, uses genomic, optical, acoustical methods analysis using particles counters, flow cytometers imaging devices. follow highlighting requirements observing system, approach achieve it associated challenges. conclude with ranked action-item recommendations next ten move towards our vision holistic ocean-wide system. Particularly, suggest demonstration project GO-SHIP line and/or long-term observation site there ensuring issues methods, tools, analysis, quality assessment curation are addressed early implementation. Global coordination key success will bring new insights nutrient regeneration, ocean production, fisheries, carbon sequestration.

Language: Английский

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Major restructuring of marine plankton assemblages under global warming

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Sept. 1, 2021

Marine phytoplankton and zooplankton form the basis of ocean's food-web, yet impacts climate change on their biodiversity are poorly understood. Here, we use an ensemble species distribution models for a total 336 524 to determine present future habitat suitability patterns. For end this century, under high emission scenario, find overall increase in plankton richness driven by ocean warming, poleward shift species' distributions at median speed 35 km/decade. Phytoplankton is projected more than 16% over most regions except Arctic Ocean. In contrast, slightly decline tropics, but strongly temperate subpolar latitudes. these latitudes, nearly 40% assemblages replaced shifting species. This implies that threatens contribution communities plankton-mediated ecosystem services such as biological carbon sequestration.

Language: Английский

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Functional trait‐based approaches as a common framework for aquatic ecologists

Limnology and Oceanography, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 66(3), P. 965 - 994

Published: Dec. 10, 2020

Abstract Aquatic ecologists face challenges in identifying the general rules of functioning ecosystems. A common framework, including freshwater, marine, benthic, and pelagic ecologists, is needed to bridge communication gaps foster knowledge sharing. This framework should transcend local specificities taxonomy order provide a ground shareable tools address scientific challenges. Here, we advocate use functional trait‐based approaches (FTBAs) for aquatic propose concrete paths go forward. Firstly, unify existing definitions FTBAs adopt language. Secondly, list numerous databases referencing traits organisms. Thirdly, present synthesis on traditional as well recent promising methods study traits, imaging genomics. Finally, conclude with highlight venues which opportunities future research. By offering practical tools, our provides clear path forward adoption ecology.

Language: Английский

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Spring copepod functional diversity associated with the oceanographic fronts of the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean

Progress In Oceanography, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 103421 - 103421

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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How planktonic microcrustaceans respond to environment and affect ecosystem: a functional trait perspective

International aquatic research., Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 11(3), P. 207 - 223

Published: July 17, 2019

Functional traits are ecologically relevant characteristics of species. They to community structuring in face environmental drivers (response traits) and ecosystem processes (effect traits). For planktonic microcrustaceans, the link between functional their responses or effects is not always clear. Our objective was review literature on linking for cladocerans copepods. Response discussed four categories: morphological, life history, behavioral, physiological. Temperature, predation, resources, stressors important morphological life-history traits. Body size, a trait, probably most because it responds several correlated with physiological zooplankton impact ecosystems functions. In an perspective, energy primary producers secondary consumers. trophic webs, may control phytoplankton biomass productivity, consequences whole lakes. Its influence carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus cycles expected increase body size. Other be important, but there lack information. We point out need more trait research, especially freshwater copepods neglected tropical better understanding natural systems, integrative approach multiple functions necessary.

Language: Английский

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Anthropogenic climate change impacts on copepod trait biogeography

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 27(7), P. 1431 - 1442

Published: Dec. 22, 2020

Abstract Copepods are among the most abundant marine metazoans and form a key link between primary producers, higher trophic levels, carbon sequestration pathways. Climate change is projected to surface ocean temperature by up 4°C in North Atlantic with many associated changes including slowing of overturning circulation, areas regional freshening, increased salinity reductions nutrients available euphotic zone over next century. These will lead restructuring phytoplankton zooplankton communities cascading effects throughout food web. Here we employ observations copepods, climate, species distribution models show how climate may affect copepod Atlantic. On average move northeast at rate 14.1 km decade −1 . Species turnover range from 5% 75% highest rates concentrated regions pronounced increase decrease. The vary according traits largest found occur cooling, freshening area subpolar south Greenland an significant warming along Scotian shelf. Large diapausing copepods (>2.5 mm) which lipids crucial source for whales, have advantage cooling waters due their life‐history strategy that facilitates survival arctic environment. Carnivorous basin wide richness habitat increases when moves poleward while herbivores see losses. trait‐specific highlight complex consequences

Language: Английский

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Copepod functional traits and groups show divergent biogeographies in the global ocean

Journal of Biogeography, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 50(1), P. 8 - 22

Published: Oct. 19, 2022

Abstract Aim The distribution of zooplankton functional traits is a key factor for regulating food web dynamics and carbon cycling in the oceans. Yet, we lack clear understanding how many groups (FGs) exist their are distributed on global scale. Here, model map environmental habitats copepod (i.e. main component marine zooplankton) FGs to identify regions sharing similar trait expression at community level. Taxon Marine planktonic Neocopepoda. Location Global ocean. Methods Factor analysis mixed data hierarchical clustering were used based five species‐level traits. An ensemble species models was estimate niches modelled weighted mean (CWM) values studied. Ocean defined community‐level using principal clustering. Results Eleven copepods identified. They displayed contrasting latitudinal patterns annual habitat suitability that could be explained by differences niche preferences: two associated with polar conditions, one followed temperature gradient, tropical oligotrophic gyres remaining three boundary currents counter currents. Four varying CWM emerged: Southern Ocean, northern southern high latitudes, upwelling systems. Conclusions present will improve representation ecosystem models. This study improves drivers biogeography serve as basis studying links between biodiversity functioning context climate change.

Language: Английский

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Phytoplankton and Zooplankton diversity and community dynamics in connected coastal wetlands’ ecosystems under anthropogenic pressure (SW Mediterranean Sea).

Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 109147 - 109147

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Modelling the alpha and beta diversity of copepods across tropical and subtropical Atlantic ecoregions

npj Biodiversity, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 4(1)

Published: Jan. 31, 2025

Copepods, the most abundant individuals of mesozooplankton, play a pivotal role in marine food webs and carbon cycling. However, few studies have focused on their diversity environmental factors influencing it. The objective present study is to model alpha beta copepods across tropical subtropical ecoregions Atlantic Ocean using both taxonomic functional approaches. used dataset 226 copepod species collected by stratified plankton hauls (0-800 m depth) equatorial Atlantic, from oligotrophic waters close Brazilian coast more productive Mauritanian Upwelling. To perform analysis, six traits related behaviour, growth, reproduction were selected. Several diversities estimated metrics (SR, Δ+, Λ+) (FDis, FEve, FDiv, FOri, FSpe), modelized with GAM spatial gradients, day/night. overall two components β-diversity (turnover nestedness) shared between depth stations. surface layers stations oligotrophic, equatorial, Cape Verde displayed higher values α-diversity. More unpredictable facets α-diversity, although they showed tendency be positive during daytime. analysis revealed gradients as key modelling whereas was relevant for turnover component drove station, nestedness acquired relevance β-diversity. structure community varied spatially depths ecoregions, but this not linked changes same magnitude.

Language: Английский

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Traits structure copepod niches in the North Atlantic and Southern Ocean

Marine Ecology Progress Series, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 601, P. 109 - 126

Published: June 12, 2018

MEPS Marine Ecology Progress Series Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout JournalEditorsTheme Sections 601:109-126 (2018) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/meps12660 Traits structure copepod niches in North Atlantic and Southern Ocean Niall McGinty1,2,*, Andrew D. Barton3, Nicholas R. Record4, Zoe V. Finkel1, J. Irwin2 1Environmental Science Program, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB E4L 1E2, Canada 2Department of Mathematics Computer Science, 3Scripps Institution Oceanography Section Ecology, Behavior Evolution, UC San Diego, CA 2093-0218, USA 4Bigelow Laboratory for Sciences, ME 04544, *Corresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT: Realised describe environmental biotic conditions that a species occupies. Among marine zooplankton, traits, including body size, dietary mode (herbivore, omnivore, or carnivore), diapause strategy are expected influence realised niche species. To date, known only small number Here we quantify 88 measured by Continuous Plankton Recorder (CPR) using Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) modelling. We estimate univariate mean niche, breadth copepods several important variables, assess relative effects key zooplankton traits on niche. Sea surface temperature (SST) contributed most information description average across all species, with rank importance remaining variables varying between regions. In SST, depth, salinity chlorophyll separated omnivores herbivores from carnivores while differences modes were found wind stress only. Diapausing occur colder temperatures compared non-diapausing taxa, likely because their capacity accumulating lipids. A strong negative size-niche relationship was diapausing copepods, suggesting larger multi-year generation more reliant specific range successfully reach diapause. Our analysis demonstrates connections natural populations. KEY WORDS: Copepods · Niche Diet Body size Diapause MaxEnt Full text pdf format Supplementary material PreviousNextCite this article as: McGinty N, Barton AD, Record NR, Finkel ZV, Irwin AJ Ocean. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 601:109-126. Export citation Tweet linkedIn Cited Published Vol. 601. Online publication date: August 09, 2018 Print ISSN: 0171-8630; 1616-1599 Copyright © Inter-Research.

Language: Английский

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