Insights from genomes into the evolutionary importance and prevalence of hybridization in nature

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 3(2), P. 170 - 177

Published: Jan. 29, 2019

Language: Английский

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Hybridization in Plants: Old Ideas, New Techniques

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 173(1), P. 65 - 78

Published: Nov. 28, 2016

Hybridization has played an important role in the evolution of many lineages. With growing availability genomic tools and advancements analyses, it is becoming increasingly clear that gene flow between divergent taxa can generate new phenotypic diversity, allow for adaptation to novel environments, contribute speciation. have immediate consequences through expression hybrid vigor. On longer evolutionary time scales, hybridization lead local adaption introgression alleles transgressive segregation and, some cases, result formation species. Studying both abundance deep historical roots plant biology. Many hypotheses concerning how why contributes biological diversity currently being investigated were first proposed tens even hundreds years ago. In this Update, we discuss genetic are revolutionizing our ability document occurrence investigate outcomes plants.

Language: Английский

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The “Polyploid Hop”: Shifting Challenges and Opportunities Over the Evolutionary Lifespan of Genome Duplications

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 6

Published: Aug. 20, 2018

The duplication of an entire genome is no small affair. Whole (WGD) a dramatic mutation with long-lasting effects, yet it occurs repeatedly in all eukaryotic kingdoms. Plants are particularly rich documented WGDs, recent and ancient polyploidization events major extant lineages. However, challenges immediately following WGD, such as the maintenance stable chromosome segregation or detrimental ecological interactions diploid progenitors, commonly do not permit establishment nascent polyploids. Despite these immediate issues some lineages nevertheless persist thrive. In fact, modelling supports patterns adaptive niche differentiation polyploids, young polyploids often invading new niches leaving their progenitors behind. line observations polyploid evolutionary success, work documents instant physiological consequences WGD associated increased dehydration stress tolerance first-generation autotetraploids. Furthermore, population genetic theory predicts both short- long-term benefits polyploidy empirical data suggests that established may act 'sponges' accumulating allelic diversity. addition to variability, introgression other tetraploid lineages, even species, further increases available pool variants this, advantages still questioned, debate over idea dead-end carries on. Here we broadly synthesise newest moving this forward. Altogether, evidence if early barriers overcome, can offer instantaneous fitness opening way transformed landscape by sampling higher diversity alleles, including already preadapted local environment. This context intragenomic, genomic, modifications can, on occasion, edge. Yet long run, turn into hindrances, without drivers novel availability agricultural propagation, restabilization via diploidization will begin cycle anew.

Language: Английский

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Importance of Pollinator-Mediated Interspecific Pollen Transfer for Angiosperm Evolution

Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 50(1), P. 191 - 217

Published: July 24, 2019

Understanding how pollen moves between species is critical to understanding speciation, diversification, and evolution of flowering plants. For co-flowering that share pollinators, competition through interspecific transfer (IPT) can profoundly impact floral evolution, decreasing female fitness via heterospecific deposition on stigmas male misplacement during visits flowers. The pollination literature demonstrates such reproductive interference frequently selects for character displacement in traits linked pollinator attraction, placement, mating systems has also revealed IPT given pairs typically asymmetric. More recent work starting elucidate its importance the speciation process, clarifying link current historical patterns hybridization, phenotypic novelty adaptive introgression, rise isolation. Our review aims stimulate further research as a ubiquitous mechanism plays central role angiosperm diversification.

Language: Английский

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Organizational hybrids as biological hybrids: Insights for research on the relationship between social enterprise and the entrepreneurial ecosystem

Journal of Business Venturing, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 33(5), P. 575 - 590

Published: June 27, 2018

Language: Английский

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Eukaryote hybrid genomes

PLoS Genetics, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 15(11), P. e1008404 - e1008404

Published: Nov. 27, 2019

Interspecific hybridization is the process where closely related species mate and produce offspring with admixed genomes. The genomic revolution has shown that common, it may represent an important source of novel variation. Although most interspecific hybrids are sterile or less fit than their parents, some survive reproduce, enabling transfer adaptive variants across boundary, even result in formation evolutionary lineages. There two main hybrid genomes: allopolyploid, which have one full chromosome set from each parent species, homoploid, a mosaic genomes no increase number. establishment requires development reproductive isolation against parental species. Allopolyploid often strong intrinsic barriers due to differences number, homoploid can become reproductively isolated through assortment genetic incompatibilities. However, both types further isolated, gaining extrinsic barriers, by exploiting ecological niches, relative parents. Hybrids merging divergent thus face problems arising incompatible combinations genes. Thus highly dynamic undergo rapid change, including genome stabilization selection results fixation compatible ancestry block within potential for adaptation speciation makes particularly exciting subject biology. Here we summarize how introgressed alleles establish resulting evolve.

Language: Английский

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The genic view of hybridization in the Anthropocene

Evolutionary Applications, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 14(10), P. 2342 - 2360

Published: March 13, 2021

Human impact is noticeable around the globe, indicating that a new era might have begun: Anthropocene. Continuing human activities, including land-use changes, introduction of non-native species and rapid climate change, are altering distributions countless species, often giving rise to human-mediated hybridization events. While interbreeding different populations or can detrimental effects, such as genetic extinction, it be beneficial in terms adaptive introgression an increase diversity. In this paper, I first review mechanisms outcomes anthropogenic based on literature from last five years (2016-2020). The most common leading previously isolated taxa include habitat change (51% studies) (34% intentional 19% unintentional). These human-induced events result (80%). high incidence exchange between hybridizing indicates application genic view speciation (and introgression) provide crucial insights how address This perspective considers genome dynamic collection loci with distinct evolutionary histories, heterogenous genomic landscape differentiation introgression. First, understanding lead better selection diagnostic markers characterize hybrid populations. Second, describing patterns vary across help predict likelihood negative processes, demographic swamping, well positive outcomes, It especially important not only quantify much material introgressed, but also what has been exchanged. Third, comparing pre-Anthropocene current cases novel into swamping collapse during event. However, comparative approach remains tested before applied practice. Finally, combined conservation studies determine legal status hybrids take appropriate measures manage interplay genomics will constant ideas these fields which improve our knowledge origin conserve protect them.

Language: Английский

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Insights into invasive species from whole‐genome resequencing

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 30(23), P. 6289 - 6308

Published: May 27, 2021

Studies of invasive species can simultaneously inform management strategies and quantify rapid evolution in the wild. The role genomics invasion science is increasingly recognised, growing availability reference genomes for paving way whole-genome resequencing studies a wide range systems. Here, we survey literature to assess application data biology. For some applications, such as reconstruction routes time space, sequencing whole genome many individuals increase accuracy existing methods. In other cases, population genomic approaches haplotype analysis permit entirely new questions be addressed technologies applied. To date has only been used handful systems, but these have confirmed importance processes balancing selection hybridization allowing reuse adaptations rapidly overcome challenges foreign ecosystem. use does not constitute paradigm shift per se, by leveraging theory, tools, technologies, provide unprecedented insight into basic applied aspects science.

Language: Английский

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Biodiversity dynamics in the Anthropocene: how human activities change equilibria of species richness

Ecography, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 2022(4)

Published: Aug. 29, 2021

We are living in a time of rapid environmental changes caused by anthropogenic pressures. Besides direct human exploitation plant and animal populations habitat transformation, biodiversity the Anthropocene affected less trivial processes including spreading non‐native species, emergence novel communities modifications ecosystem functioning due to changing nutrient cycles climate changes. These so complex that confident predictions effective conservation cannot be obtained without suitable theory dynamics. argue such dynamics have particular attractors, i.e. stable equilibria, determined conditions. equilibria set limits, carrying capacities for biodiversity, from local global scales. point out evidence limits at various spatiotemporal scales show, using new equilibrium (ETBD), how diversity depend on non‐linear relationships between number community abundance population size‐dependent species extinction origination (speciation or colonization). show effects can lead multiple tipping points. Various activities, introductions, appropriation primary production trophic downgrading, change local, regional affecting levels. The existence out‐of‐equilibrium states has important implications conservation, restoration reconciliation ecology. It highlights need more effectively intentionally balance historical focus preservation natural habitats with management specifically directed towards responsible long‐term maintenance equilibria. represents unique situation which people make decisions concerning world, we ecological requires wisely deciding alternative worth maintaining.

Language: Английский

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Characterization of the cryptic interspecific hybrid Lemna×mediterranea by an integrated approach provides new insights into duckweed diversity

Journal of Experimental Botany, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 75(10), P. 3092 - 3110

Published: Feb. 22, 2024

Lemnaceae taxonomy is challenged by the particular morphology of these tiny free-floating angiosperms. Although molecular has helped clarify phylogenetic history this family, some inconsistency with morphological data leads to frequent misclassifications in genus Lemna. Recently, finding that Lemna japonica an interspecific hybrid between minor and turionifera provided a clear explanation for one such taxonomic question. Here we demonstrated L. also capable hybridizing gibba, generating cryptic but widespread taxon Mediterranean area. The nothotaxon ×mediterranea described compared clones putative parental species gibba. Genetic analysis nuclear plastid markers, as well genome size measurement, revealed two different cytotypes, diploid triploid, originated at least independent hybridization events. Despite high overall similarity, morphometrical, physiological, biochemical analyses showed intermediate position its most qualitative quantitative characters, separation cytotypes criteria. These provide evidence polyploidization, driving forces terrestrial plant evolution, contribute duckweed genetic diversity may have shaped mainly asexual, aquatic plants.

Language: Английский

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