Decoding the Structural Diversity: A New Horizon in Antimicrobial Prospecting and Mechanistic Investigation

Microbial Drug Resistance, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(6), P. 254 - 272

Published: April 22, 2024

The escalating crisis of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) underscores the urgent need for novel antimicrobials. One promising strategy is exploration structural diversity, as diverse structures can lead to biological activities and mechanisms action. This review delves into role diversity in discovery, highlighting its influence on factors such target selectivity, binding affinity, pharmacokinetic properties, ability overcome mechanisms. We discuss various approaches exploring including combinatorial chemistry, diversity-oriented synthesis, natural product screening, provide an overview common action also describe techniques investigating these mechanisms, genomics, proteomics, biology. Despite significant progress, several challenges remain, synthesis compound libraries, identification active compounds, elucidation complex action, emergence AMR, translation laboratory discoveries clinical applications. However, emerging trends technologies, artificial intelligence, high-throughput next-generation sequencing, open-source drug offer new avenues challenges. Looking ahead, we envisage exciting future with opportunities expanding chemical space, harnessing power nature, deepening our understanding moving toward personalized medicine collaborative discovery. As face continued challenge will be crucial search effective

Language: Английский

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Understanding the chemodiversity of plants: Quantification, variation and ecological function

Ecological Monographs, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 14, 2024

Abstract Plants produce a great number of phytochemicals serving variety different functions. Recently, the chemodiversity these compounds (i.e., diversity produced by plant) has been suggested to be an important aspect plant phenotype that may shape interactions between plants, their environment, and other organisms. However, we lack agreement on how quantify chemodiversity, which complicates conclusions about functional importance it. Here, discuss (deconstructed into components richness, evenness disparity) relate ecologically relevant aspects phenotype. Then, systematically review literature examine methodological practices, explore patterns variability in across levels biological organization, investigate role this plants Overall, reviewed suggests high is often beneficial for although heterogeneity approaches partly limits what general can drawn. Importantly, support future research topic, provide framework with decision tree facilitating choices measures are best used contexts outline key questions avenues research. A more thorough understanding will insights its evolution ecological environment.

Language: Английский

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Rhizochemistry and soil bacterial community are tailored to natural stress gradients.

Soil Biology and Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 109662 - 109662

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Impact of in vitro phytohormone treatments on the metabolome of the leafy liverwort Radula complanata (L.) Dumort

Metabolomics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(3)

Published: March 9, 2023

Liverworts are a group of non-vascular plants that possess unique metabolism not found in other plants. Many liverwort metabolites have interesting structural and biochemical characteristics, however the fluctuations these response to stressors is largely unknown.To investigate metabolic stress-response leafy Radula complanata.Five phytohormones were applied exogenously vitro cultured R. complanata an untargeted metabolomic analysis was conducted. Compound classification identification performed with CANOPUS SIRIUS while statistical analyses including PCA, ANOVA, variable selection using BORUTA conducted identify shifts.It predominantly composed carboxylic acids derivatives, followed by benzene substituted fatty acyls, organooxygen compounds, prenol lipids, flavonoids. The PCA revealed samples grouped based on type hormone applied, (Random Forest) 71 identified and/or classified features fluctuated phytohormone application. treatments reduced production selected primary growth resulted increased compounds. 4-(3-Methyl-2-butenyl)-5-phenethylbenzene-1,3-diol as biomarker for GDP-hexose treatments.Exogenous application caused clear shifts deviate from responses vascular Further metabolite can reveal biomarkers liverworts provide more insight into stress responses.

Language: Английский

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β-caryophyllene as an attractant for the cacao mirid bug, Helopeltis bakeri Poppius (Hemiptera: Miridae), and chemodiversity of its host plant volatiles

Frontiers in Agronomy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 5

Published: May 16, 2023

The cacao mirid bug, Helopeltis bakeri , is a major insect pest of in the Philippines. It feeds on pods causing puncture wounds that become necrotic lesions and may lead eventually to pod abortion. There currently no semiochemical-based system developed for monitoring control H. . Here, we report kairomone identified from host plants as potential attractant. Volatile components were extracted using solid-phase microextraction (100-µm polydimethylsiloxane) analyzed by gas chromatography - mass spectrometry. Chemodiversity analysis considering compound richness, evenness, disparity showed similar phytochemical diversity among six plants, suggesting chemodiversity factor selection behavior Comparison volatiles revealed β-caryophyllene was present all plants. Using wind tunnel, an impregnated lure containing 90 µg highest attraction adult results show attractant can be used development kairomone-based trapping systems part holistic integrated management cacao.

Language: Английский

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