Hot node limitations and impact of taxonomic resolution on phylogenetic divergence patterns: A case study on Ecuadorian ethnomedicinal flora DOI Creative Commons

Darío Atienza‐Barthelemy,

Manuel J. Macía, Rafael Molina‐Venegas

et al.

Plants People Planet, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 21, 2024

Summary Societal Impact Statement Novel phylogenetic approaches have emerged in recent years to study traditional medicinal plants, aiming identify potential sources of new drugs. This line research holds considerable promise yet remains its early stages. Here, we examine the prevalent methods employed field, revealing impact methodological choices that often been made arbitrarily. We also highlight a widespread misconception regarding ‘hot node analysis’, tool gaining popularity for identifying plants with high bioactive potential. Our findings should advance future aimed at guiding selection promising candidates bioprospection. Advances phylogenetics offer ground‐breaking approach analysing ethnobotanical data. typically involves calculating degree clustering (i.e. divergence) set and clades significant overabundance these known as hot nodes, which are purportedly responsible patterns. However, despite showing great promise, adequacy this procedure be tested, results so far inconclusive and, times, contradictory. two key elements through case Ecuadorian flora: taxonomic resolution (species‐ genus‐level data) on divergence metrics (Mean Pairwise Distance; MPD, Mean Nearest Taxon MNTD), efficacy analysis significantly influence metrics. To MPD MNTD, implemented jackknifing compared outcomes nodes. Phylogenetic was strongly dependent resolution, mainly revealed by genus level. Further, nodes incompletely matched those MNTD according analysis. commonly used limitations influential clades, stressing alternative techniques. recommend use most resolved tree possible combining analyses complementary pinpoint

Language: Английский

Global conservation status of the jawed vertebrate Tree of Life DOI Creative Commons
Rikki Gumbs, Oenone Scott, Ryan Bates

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Feb. 29, 2024

Abstract Human-driven extinction threatens entire lineages across the Tree of Life. Here we assess conservation status jawed vertebrate evolutionary history, using three policy-relevant approaches. First, calculate an index threat to overall showing that expect lose 86–150 billion years (11–19%) history over next 50–500 years. Second, rank species by their EDGE scores identify highest priorities for species-focused finding chondrichthyans, ray-finned fish and testudines all vertebrates. Third, families. We found within monotypic families are more likely be threatened in decline than other species. provide a baseline at risk catalyse action. This work continues trend highlighting neglected groups—such as testudines, crocodylians, amphibians chondrichthyans—as from phylogenetic perspective.

Language: Английский

Citations

8
Plant evolutionary history is largely underrepresented in European seed banks DOI Creative Commons
Angelino Carta, Efisio Mattana, Andreas Enßlin

et al.

New Phytologist, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 13, 2025

Summary Considering the alarming prospect of at least two in five plant species facing extinction, it is urgent to identify unsecured phylogenetic branches within Tree Life and adopt appropriate conservation strategies. While conventional seed banking has potential safeguard a large part world's flora, scarcity phylogenetically informed ex situ programmes poses challenge effective conservation. Leveraging an extensive dataset collections across 109 European banks, our study reveals that current capture diverse subset flora. However, they between 43.29% 66.40% maximum possible diversity, suggesting specific major phylogeny Europe remain unprotected. To address this gap, we introduce novel quasi‐deterministic method generate list unbanked species, prioritized by evolutionary significance. Although approach can enhance quality bank collections, biological, technical practical constraints may limit for some these priority species. We advocate enhanced coordination among facilities integration perspectives with advancements techniques beyond banking, effectively conserve heritage.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Bridging biodiversity and ecosystem services through useful plant species DOI Creative Commons

Nina Obiar,

Isaac Eckert, Janelle Marie Baker

et al.

Plants People Planet, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 28, 2025

Social Impact Statement Global change endangers the terrestrial vegetation that sustains us. Therefore, policymakers need to make informed decisions about what and where protect. However, with limited resources, we must decide whether protect intrinsic value of plants or their humans. Protecting both is possible. By investigating distributions over 3000 Canada's useful native defined in ethnobotanical databases, identified areas are essential harbouring plant benefits. Here, bridge biodiversity benefits it provides inform conservation policies by prioritizing species. Summary Plants foundational for ecosystems provide services humans, but little known distribution protection plants. address how well all captures diversity status human uses. We calculated metrics Canada at 1‐km 2 spatial scale based on species models a large plant‐use database use categories food feed, medicinal, biochemical genetic resources materials. used Species Protection Index (SPI) determine adequately represented protected derive new index—Useful Globally Endangered (USaGE)—to identify important combination usefulness (USa) extinction risk (GE) obtained from Committee Status Wildlife (COSEWIC) assessments. Overall, c. 30% has documented uses, richness correlated richness. Useful generally concentrated southern agricultural areas, exception some (e.g., medicinal also prevalent coastal boreal regions). Around 94% inadequately existing including many USaGE like American Ginseng. Our combined approach identifies priority have long extensively record potentially providing ecosystem humanity.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Dense city centers support less evolutionary unique bird communities than sparser urban areas DOI Creative Commons
Federico Morelli, Jiří Reif, Mario Dı́az

et al.

iScience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 27(2), P. 108945 - 108945

Published: Jan. 21, 2024

des établissements d'enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, laboratoires publics privés.

Citations

2
Bird Phylogenetic Diversity Increases With Temperature Worldwide DOI Creative Commons

Pelayo Barrios,

Carlos Martínez‐Núñez

Diversity and Distributions, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(11)

Published: Oct. 7, 2024

ABSTRACT Aim Temperature significantly influences the composition and structure of biotic communities at large scales. While its role in shaping taxonomic diversity is well‐documented, relationship with other facets biodiversity, like phylogenetic diversity, remains poorly known. Understanding how to which extent temperature contributes global patterns compared biodiversity‐structuring factors crucial for comprehending bird assemblages are structured worldwide, predicting their response global‐change drivers supporting conservation policies focused on preserving genetic evolutionary history. Location Worldwide. Methods We analyse regional richness (PD) divergence (MPD) before after controlling effect species (SR). also assess shape this different biogeographic realms compare explanatory power key such as elevation, human impact index, net primary productivity land use diversity. Results Our findings underscore high significance consistency a predictor positively associated PD MPD across six main realms, even accounting SR latitude, suggesting that modulates intrinsic capacity environments support diverse array lineages. In addition, tended increase low elevations, but human‐impact index did not effectively predict scale. Furthermore, was linked regions land‐use although both these relationships were strongly mediated by SR. Conclusions This study unveils explaining worldwide over points profound implications climate change will have amount history held assemblages, beyond extinctions or range shifts alone.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Phylogenetic Diversity of Live‐Bearing Fishes (Poeciliidae) Peaks on Peninsulas, Isthmuses, and in Deserts DOI
Roni Fernando Gómez‐Martínez, Wilfredo A. Matamoros, Christopher W. Hoagstrom

et al.

Journal of Biogeography, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 4, 2024

ABSTRACT Aim Poeciliids are ecologically important, widely used as pets, and also have value model organisms. To understand diversity within this family, we study their phylogenetic (PD) at regional local scales to delimit bioregions identify patterns of biodiversity. Location The Americas. Taxon Poeciliidae (Actinopterygii: Cyprinodontiformes). Methods We expanded an existing dated phylogeny from 164 261 species with distributional data for 1 o × latitude longitude cells (~111 km 2 ) conducted a cluster analysis (phylo‐jaccard distance) delineate bioregions. For individual cells, mapped richness (SR), (PD), weighted endemism (WE) (PE). randomisation tests map clustering over‐representation short‐branch by cell. categorical neo‐ palaeo‐endemism neo‐, palaeo‐, mixed super (mixed) endemism. Results delineated six Highest density PD occurred on the Isthmus Panamá (IOP). At grid‐cell scale, Grijalva–Usumacinta drainage is hotspot SR, PD, PE WE; IOP has high PE; Tehuantepec (IOT) WE moderately SR; western Hispaniola SR. includes palaeoendemism, while widespread in Middle America Greater Antilles. Phylogenetic widespread, whereas concentrated Chihuahuan Desert–Sierra Madre Oriental region Hispaniola, both hotspots neoendemism. Main Conclusions found diversification genera intermixed relict (mixed endemism). Furthermore, SR were strongly correlated. Centres include Oriental, IOT, (most all) drainage. However, conservation efforts must occur each bioregion genus.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Prioritising Functionally Distinct and Globally Endangered (FuDGE) sharks for conservation action DOI Creative Commons
C. C. Webster, Joanna Barker, David J. Curnick

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 6, 2024

Abstract Robust species-level methods for quantifying ecological differences have yet to be incorporated into conservation strategies. Here, we describe a new approach measure the unique contribution of species overall functional diversity and incorporate it an actionable metric. The Functionally Distinct Globally Endangered (FuDGE) metric directs action whose extinction would result in significant losses irreplaceable diversity. We apply FuDGE world’s sharks compare with phylogeny-based Evolutionarily (EDGE) highlight shared divergent priorities conservation. Identifying threatened revealed that functionally distinct are disproportionately threatened, 17-24% extant shark trait space at risk extinction. show exploitation by humans threatens erode space, 70% risk. hope our will used guide face human impacts.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Hot node limitations and impact of taxonomic resolution on phylogenetic divergence patterns: A case study on Ecuadorian ethnomedicinal flora DOI Creative Commons

Darío Atienza‐Barthelemy,

Manuel J. Macía, Rafael Molina‐Venegas

et al.

Plants People Planet, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 21, 2024

Summary Societal Impact Statement Novel phylogenetic approaches have emerged in recent years to study traditional medicinal plants, aiming identify potential sources of new drugs. This line research holds considerable promise yet remains its early stages. Here, we examine the prevalent methods employed field, revealing impact methodological choices that often been made arbitrarily. We also highlight a widespread misconception regarding ‘hot node analysis’, tool gaining popularity for identifying plants with high bioactive potential. Our findings should advance future aimed at guiding selection promising candidates bioprospection. Advances phylogenetics offer ground‐breaking approach analysing ethnobotanical data. typically involves calculating degree clustering (i.e. divergence) set and clades significant overabundance these known as hot nodes, which are purportedly responsible patterns. However, despite showing great promise, adequacy this procedure be tested, results so far inconclusive and, times, contradictory. two key elements through case Ecuadorian flora: taxonomic resolution (species‐ genus‐level data) on divergence metrics (Mean Pairwise Distance; MPD, Mean Nearest Taxon MNTD), efficacy analysis significantly influence metrics. To MPD MNTD, implemented jackknifing compared outcomes nodes. Phylogenetic was strongly dependent resolution, mainly revealed by genus level. Further, nodes incompletely matched those MNTD according analysis. commonly used limitations influential clades, stressing alternative techniques. recommend use most resolved tree possible combining analyses complementary pinpoint

Language: Английский

Citations

0