Reconfiguration of metabolic connectivity in ageing DOI Creative Commons
Hamish A Deery, Emma X Liang, MA Siddiqui

et al.

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: Nov. 30, 2024

Information transfer across the brain has a high energetic cost and requires efficient glucose metabolism. Here we use recently developed temporal resolution functional positron emission tomography (fPET) to create timecourse of metabolism for individual subjects assess relationship between metabolic connectivity cognitive function in ageing. The connectomes 40 younger (mean 27.9 years; range 20-42) 46 older 75.8; 60-89) adults were characterised by frontal, temporal, motor, parietal medial cortices. Older age was associated with lower global integration hub regions. In adults, proportion used support hubs frontal higher smaller energy budget mostly posterior This network topology worse performance. We conclude that ageing is regions disrupted information network. Our results highlight fundamental role plays supporting unique insights provides into brain.

Language: Английский

A human brain map of mitochondrial respiratory capacity and diversity DOI
Eugene V. Mosharov, Ayelet M Rosenberg, Anna S. Monzel

et al.

Nature, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 26, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

3
The metabolic costs of cognition DOI
Sharna D. Jamadar, Anna Behler, Hamish A Deery

et al.

Trends in Cognitive Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

2
An energy costly architecture of neuromodulators for human brain evolution and cognition DOI Creative Commons
Gabriel Castrillón, Samira Epp, Antonia Bose

et al.

Science Advances, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(50)

Published: Dec. 13, 2023

In comparison to other species, the human brain exhibits one of highest energy demands relative body metabolism. It remains unclear whether this heightened demand uniformly supports an enlarged or if specific signaling mechanisms necessitate greater energy. We hypothesized that regional distribution will reveal strategies have contributed cognitive development. measured within functional connectome using multimodal imaging and found pathways in evolutionarily expanded regions up 67% higher energetic costs than those sensory-motor regions. Additionally, histology, transcriptomic data, molecular independently up-regulation at G-protein-coupled receptors energy-demanding Our findings indicate neuromodulator activity is predominantly involved functions, such as reading memory processing. This study suggests activity, alongside increased size, a crucial aspect evolution.

Language: Английский

Citations

39
Transcriptome and Neuroendocrinome Responses to Environmental Stress in the Model and Pest Insect Spodoptera frugiperda DOI Open Access

Wei Gong,

Jan Lubawy, Paweł Marciniak

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(2), P. 691 - 691

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, is one of the most notorious pest insects, causing damage to more than 350 plant species, and feared worldwide as an invasive species since it exhibits high adaptivity against environmental stress. Here, we therefore investigated its transcriptome responses four different types stresses, namely cold, heat, no water food. We used brain samples our interest was in neuroendocrine responses, while previous studies whole bodies larvae or moths. In general, were complex encompassed a vast array neuropeptides (NPs) biogenic amines (BAs). NPs mainly involved ion homeostasis regulation (ITP ITPL) metabolic pathways (AKH, ILP), this accompanied by changes BA (DA, OA) biosynthesis. Cold no-water stress changed NP gene expression with same patterns but clearly separated from each other, divergent pattern shown after no-food conclusion, data provide foundation important model insect candidate BAs other marker genes response stress, also potential new targets manage insects.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Effort Drives Saccade Selection DOI Open Access
Damian Koevoet,

Laura Van Zantwijk,

Marnix Naber

et al.

Published: Feb. 28, 2025

What determines where to move the eyes? We recently showed that pupil size, a well-established marker of effort, also reflects effort associated with making saccade (’saccade costs’). Here we demonstrate costs critically drive selection: when choosing between any two directions, least costly direction was consistently preferred. Strikingly, this principle even held during search in natural scenes additional experiments. When increasing cognitive demand experimentally through an auditory counting task, participants made fewer saccades and especially cut directions. This suggests eye-movement system other operations consume similar resources are flexibly allocated among each as changes. Together, argue behavior is tuned adaptively minimize saccade-inherent effort.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Updating functional brain units: Insights far beyond Luria DOI
Jordi Peña‐Casanova, Gonzalo Sánchez‐Benavides, Jorge Sigg-Alonso

et al.

Cortex, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 174, P. 19 - 69

Published: Feb. 29, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Evolutionary innovations in the primate dopaminergic system DOI Creative Commons
Hannah M. Doll, Ryan D. Risgaard,

H. David Thurston

et al.

Current Opinion in Genetics & Development, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 88, P. 102236 - 102236

Published: Aug. 16, 2024

The human brain has evolved unique capabilities compared to other vertebrates. mechanistic basis of these derived traits remains a fundamental question in biology due its relevance the origin our cognitive abilities and behavioral repertoire, as well human-specific aspects neuropsychiatric neurodegenerative diseases. Comparisons those nonhuman primates mammals have revealed that differences neuromodulatory systems, especially dopaminergic system, may govern some alterations, including increased vulnerability certain disorders. In this review, we highlight discuss recent findings human- primate-specific alterations focusing on anatomy, circuitry, molecular properties.

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Sex differences in functional cortical organization reflect differences in network topology rather than cortical morphometry DOI Creative Commons
Bianca Serio, Meike D. Hettwer, Lisa Wiersch

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Sept. 4, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Structural network measures reveal the emergence of heavy-tailed degree distributions in lottery ticket multilayer perceptrons DOI Creative Commons

Chris Kang,

Jasmine A. Moore, Samuel Robertson

et al.

Neural Networks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 187, P. 107308 - 107308

Published: March 12, 2025

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) were originally modeled after their biological counterparts, but have since conceptually diverged in many ways. The resulting network architectures are not well understood, and furthermore, we lack the quantitative tools to characterize structures. Network science provides an ideal mathematical framework with which systems of interacting components, has transformed our understanding across domains, including mammalian brain. Yet, little been done bring ANNs. In this work, propose that leverage adapt methods measure both global- local-level characteristics Specifically, focus on structures efficient multilayer perceptrons as a case study, sparse systematically pruned such they share real-world networks. We use adapted metrics show pruning process leads emergence spanning subnetwork (lottery ticket perceptrons) complex architecture. This exhibits global local characteristics, heavy-tailed nodal degree distributions dominant weighted pathways, mirror patterns observed human neuronal connectivity. Furthermore, alterations precede catastrophic decay performance is heavily pruned. science-driven approach analysis artificial serves valuable tool establish improve fidelity, increase interpretability, assess Significance Statement become increasingly complex, often diverging from counterparts To design plausible "brain-like" architectures, whether advance neuroscience research or explainability, it essential these optimally resemble counterparts. offer information about interconnected systems, brain, attracted much attention for analyzing Here, present significance work: •We analyze structural demonstrate organizational similar those brain emerge through alone. convergence features compelling evidence optimality processing capabilities. •Our significant first step towards science-based networks, potential shed light fidelity

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Hubs and interaction: the brain’s meta-loop DOI Creative Commons
Cornelius Weiller, Marco Reisert, Pierre LeVan

et al.

Cerebral Cortex, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 35(3)

Published: March 1, 2025

We must reconcile the needs of internal world and demands external to make decisions relevant homeostasis, well-being, flexible behavior. Engagement with (eg interoceptive) is linked medial brain systems, whereas extrapersonal space exteroceptive) associated lateral systems. Using Human Connectome Project data, we found three association tracts connecting action-related frontal lobe perception-related posterior lobes. A dorsal tract a interact independently ventral at hubs. The two hubs are interconnected, forming meta-loop that integrates four anatomical correspond common nodes intrinsic cognitive networks such as default mode network. These functional depend on integration both realms. Thus, positioning can be understood intersection long tracts. strength structural connectivity within systems correlates performance behavioral tests assessing theory mind. provides an framework associate neurological psychiatric symptoms changes.

Language: Английский

Citations

0