Effects of microplastics, pesticides and nano-materials on fish health, oxidative stress and antioxidant defense mechanism

Frontiers in Physiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: June 26, 2023

Microplastics and pesticides are emerging contaminants in the marine biota, which cause many harmful effects on aquatic organisms, especially fish. Fish is a staple affordable food source, rich animal protein, along with various vitamins, essential amino acids, minerals. Exposure of fish to microplastics, pesticides, nanoparticles generates ROS induces oxidative stress, inflammation, immunotoxicity, genotoxicity, DNA damage alters gut microbiota, thus reducing growth quality Changes behavioral patterns, swimming, feeding habits were also observed under exposures above contaminants. These affect Nrf-2, JNK, ERK, NF-κB, MAPK signaling pathways. And Nrf2-KEAP1 signalling modulates redox status marinating enzymes Effects found modulate antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione system. So, protect health from contribution nano-technology or nano-formulations was researched. A decrease nutritional population significantly impacts human diet, influencing traditions economics worldwide. On other hand, traces microplastics habitat water can enter humans by consuming contaminated may result serious hazards. This review summarizes stress caused due nano-particle contamination exposure their impact health. As rescue mechanism, use management disease discussed.

Language: Английский

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Unveiling the silent threat: Heavy metal toxicity devastating impact on aquatic organisms and DNA damage

Marine Pollution Bulletin, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 200, P. 116139 - 116139

Published: Feb. 16, 2024

Language: Английский

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Oxidative Stress, Antioxidant Enzymes, Genotoxicity and Histopathological Profile in Oreochromis niloticus Exposed to Lufenuron

Pakistan Veterinary Journal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 43(01), P. 160 - 166

Published: March 1, 2023

Pesticides especially insecticides are widely used in the field of agricultural development all over world to increase crop production. Moreover, exposure such compounds does not only influence intended targets but also induces adverse impacts on a number unintended animals. This research aimed determine toxic lufenuron (an insecticide) health status fish terms measurement oxidative stress, antioxidant enzymes, DNA damage and histopathological changes Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exposed different concentrations. For this purpose, Oreochromis niloticus fish, weighing about 75-80g were arbitrarily separated into four groups then @ 0.7, 1.2 1.7µg/ L for 39 days. The results showed that pesticide had significant profile gills percentile rate visceral organs including liver, kidney, gills. Results light microscopic investigations indicated histological liver (necrosis hepatocytes, degeneration vacuolar congestion), lamellar epithelial cells, telangiectasia, atrophy secondary lamellae), heart (congestion, necrosis neurons, microgliosis intracellular edema), brain myofibrosis, neutrophilic myocarditis) kidneys renal tubules, widening urinary space, tubular cells). A significantly escalate stress while lower quantity biomarkers was documented experimental fish. findings study suggest long-term has negative effects via induction damage, increased lowering enzymatic antioxidants lesions tilapita niloticus).

Language: Английский

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Captivating Colors, Crucial Roles: Astaxanthin’s Antioxidant Impact on Fish Oxidative Stress and Reproductive Performance

Animals, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(21), P. 3357 - 3357

Published: Oct. 29, 2023

Fish, constantly exposed to environmental stressors due their aquatic habitat and high metabolic rates, are susceptible oxidative stress. This review examines the interplay between stress fish reproduction, emphasizing potent antioxidant properties of astaxanthin. Our primary objective is highlight astaxanthin's role in mitigating during critical reproductive stages, leading improved gamete quality, ovary development, hormone levels. We also explore its practical applications aquaculture, including enhanced pigmentation overall health. conducted a comprehensive literature review, analyzing studies on impact reproduction. Astaxanthin, carotenoid pigment, effectively combats reactive oxygen species, inhibiting lipid peroxidation maintaining membrane integrity. It significantly enhances success improves health aquaculture settings. reveals multifaceted benefits offering economic advantages aquaculture. Future research should delve into species-specific responses, optimal dosages, long-term effects astaxanthin supplementation inform sustainable strategies.

Language: Английский

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Visualization of poikilocytosis as an emerging erythrocytic biomarker for fish health assessment

Animal Research and One Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2(2), P. 136 - 157

Published: Jan. 17, 2024

Abstract Fish health assessment is essential for maintaining sustainable aquatic ecosystems and ensuring the well‐being of wild farmed fish populations. Hematological parameters are crucial indicators health, with poikilocytosis emerging as a fundamental marker significant diagnostic value. Poikilocytosis refers to abnormally shaped erythrocytes in bloodstream, reflecting underlying physiological pathological conditions. can occur various species be influenced by environmental stressors, infectious agents, nutritional deficiencies, exposure pollutants. Morphological alterations erythrocytes, such acanthocytes, echinocytes, dacrocytes, schistocytes, spherocytes, codocytes common poikilocytes fish. Understanding relationship between has important implications disease diagnosis, monitoring, surveillance, management. By quantifying poikilocytic changes, researchers veterinarians differentiate normal variations from conditions, facilitating targeted interventions treatment strategies. While most studies have focused on heavy metal toxicity, pollutants, therapeutics, etiological induction been overlooked. Nonetheless, remains valuable biomarker assessing their environment. This review highlights piscine hematological its importance understanding culture

Language: Английский

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Copper sulfate induces clinico-hematological, oxidative stress, serum biochemical and histopathological changes in freshwater fish rohu (Labeo rohita)

Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: March 9, 2023

Despite being an essential trace element for numerous metabolic processes and micronutrients, copper (Cu) has induced adverse effects on the environment public health due to its continuous widespread use last several decades. The current study assessed hematological histopathological alterations in freshwater fish ( Labeo rohita ) exposed graded concentrations of sulfate. For this purpose, L. n = 72), weighing ~200–215 g, were randomly divided into four experimental groups then acute doses CuSO 4 , i.e., control, 0.28, 0.42, 0.56 μgL −1 . comparative analysis biochemical changes, blood/serum samples obtained 12, 24, 36 days. Overall, body weight decreased with time dose ; as increases, decreases. Dose time-dependent results observed other parameters also. Results showed a significant increase leukocytes, whereas red blood cells count, Hb, Hct significantly reduced treated compared control. mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MHC) concentration (MCHC) non-significant decrease control group. Serum parameters, including total proteins, albumin, globulin, p < 0.05). At same time, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), glucose, cholesterol 0.05) increased Significantly levels lipid peroxidation while values antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (RGSH) recorded. Histopathological examination gills, liver, kidneys inflammation degenerative changes exposure. In brain tissue, like neuron necrosis, intracellular edema, cytoplasmic vacuolization, congestion observed. conclusion, indicates that exposure sulfate, even smaller concentrations, can cause fish.

Language: Английский

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Novel protective aspects of dietary polyphenols against pesticidal toxicity and its prospective application in rice-fish mode: A Review

Fish & Shellfish Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 146, P. 109418 - 109418

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Polyethylene exposure in rainbow trout; suppresses growth and may act as a promoting agent in tissue-based oxidative response, DNA damage and apoptosis

Process Safety and Environmental Protection, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 174, P. 960 - 970

Published: May 6, 2023

Language: Английский

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Nuclear and Morphological Alterations in Erythrocytes, Antioxidant Enzymes, and Genetic Disparities Induced by Brackish Water in Mrigal Carp (Cirrhinus mrigala)

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 2022, P. 1 - 16

Published: Oct. 11, 2022

Salinization of aquatic ecosystem, abrupt climate change, and anthropogenic activities cause adverse impact on agricultural land/soil as well the aquaculture industry. This experimental study was designed to evaluate different biomarkers oxidative stress, antioxidant enzymes, genotoxic potential diverse salinities brackish water freshwater fish. A total 84 fresh mrigal carp (Cirrhinus mrigala) were randomly segregated maintained in four groups (T0, T1, T2, T3) a glass aquarium under similar laboratory conditions at various salinity levels (0, 3, 5, 7 parts per thousand) determine pathological influence water. All fish T3 exposed for period 90 days while group T0 served control group. The reared displayed physical behavioral ailments. results revealed significantly augmented quantity stress indicators including reactive oxygen species (ROS) thiobarbituric acid substance (TBARS) visceral tissues (kidneys, liver, gills) Different enzymes such reduced glutathione (GSH), peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) along with proteins remarkably kidneys, gills, liver tissues. Results showed increased values nuclear abnormalities (erythrocyte micronucleus, erythrocyte condensed nucleus, lobed nucleus) morphological changes (pear shaped erythrocyte, spindle-shaped erythrocytes, spherocyte) red blood cells effects exhibited DNA damage isolated gills findings our research suggested that causes toxicological impacts higher level through disruption disorder physiological biochemical markers.

Language: Английский

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Does Fipronil Affect on Aquatic Organisms? Physiological, Biochemical, and Histopathological Alterations of Non-Target Freshwater Mussel Species

Water, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 334 - 334

Published: Jan. 13, 2023

Fipronil is widely used against insects in agriculture and ectoparasites domestic areas veterinary medicine. However, fipronil may influence non-target species as a result of the contamination aquatic ecosystems. The present study aimed to investigate acute sublethal effects freshwater mussels (Unio delicatus), species, with physiological, antioxidant action mechanisms histopathological observations. 96-h LC50 value was found be 2.64 (1.45–4.56) mg/L. Sublethal concentrations were applied at 1/10 1/5 0.264 mg/L 0.528 for 48-h 7-d. Haemolymph samples, digestive gland gill tissues taken after exposure times. While Total Haemocyte Counts decreased exposure, it only high fipronil-exposed 7-d (p < 0.05). glutathione values glands gills higher groups 0.05), AOPP Moreover, caused alterations on glands. These things considered, principal component analysis revealed that most pronounced changes by exposure. results show are toxic mussels.

Language: Английский

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