Diet strategies for promoting healthy aging and longevity: An epidemiological perspective

Journal of Internal Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 295(4), P. 508 - 531

Published: Oct. 23, 2023

Abstract In recent decades, global life expectancies have risen significantly, accompanied by a marked increase in chronic diseases and population aging. This narrative review aims to summarize findings on the dietary factors influencing longevity, primarily from large cohort studies. First, maintaining healthy weight throughout is pivotal for aging mirroring benefits of lifelong, moderate calorie restriction today's obesogenic food environment. Second, specific types or sources fat, protein, carbohydrates are more important disease risk mortality than their quantity. Third, some traditional diets (e.g., Mediterranean, Nordic, Okinawa) contemporary patterns, such as plant‐based diet index, DASH (dietary approaches stop hypertension) diet, alternate eating been associated with lower longevity. These patterns share many common components predominance nutrient‐rich plant foods; limited red processed meats; culinary herbs spices prevalent cuisines) while embracing distinct elements different cultures. Fourth, combining other lifestyle could extend disease‐free 8–10 years. While adhering core principles diets, it crucial adapt recommendations individual preferences cultures well nutritional needs populations. Public health strategies should aim create healthier environment where nutritious options readily accessible, especially public institutions care facilities elderly. Although further mechanistic studies human trials needed better understand molecular effects aging, there pressing need establish maintain long‐term cohorts studying culturally diverse

Language: Английский

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Intermittent fasting and health outcomes: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials

EClinicalMedicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 70, P. 102519 - 102519

Published: March 11, 2024

Benefits of Intermittent fasting (IF) on health-related outcomes have been found in a range randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Our umbrella review aimed to systematically analyze and synthesize the available causal evidence IF its impact specific while evaluating quality.

Language: Английский

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The effect of a ketogenic diet on inflammation-related markers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Nutrition Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 14, 2024

Abstract Context Despite the important role of inflammation-related factors on occurrence chronic diseases, there is still conflicting evidence about effects ketogenic diet (KD) these factors. Objective In order to obtain a better viewpoint, this study aimed comprehensively investigate KD markers. Data Sources To find pertinent randomized controlled trials up August 2023, databases including PubMed/Medline, Web Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Embase were searched. Extraction This included all investigating C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-10 levels. Pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) 95% confidence intervals (CIs) achieved by random-effects model analysis for best estimation outcomes. Analysis Forty-four studies in article. The pooled findings showed that has an effect lowering TNF-α (WMD: −0.32 pg/mL; CI: −0.55, −0.09; P = 0.007) IL-6 −0.27 −0.52, −0.02; 0.036) compared with control groups. However, no significant was reported others inflammation marker–related results subgroup that, following ≤8 weeks people aged ≤50 years, reduction levels significantly higher than other addition, body mass index greater 30 kg/m2 ≤30 kg/m2, decreased extent after receiving KD. Conclusions Consequently, adherence appears improve some markers associated inflammation, IL-6.

Language: Английский

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The Role of Lifestyle Interventions in PCOS Management: A Systematic Review

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. 310 - 310

Published: Jan. 16, 2025

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most prevalent endocrine disorders among reproductive-aged women. It characterized by hyperandrogenism, anovulation, and polycystic ovaries. Lifestyle changes are suggested as first-line interventions in managing PCOS. This systematic review aims to assess scientific evidence regarding role lifestyle modifications (dietary changes, physical activity, behavioral changes) improving reproductive, anthropometric, metabolic, psychological outcomes women with Dietary such foods low glycemic index scores; caloric restrictions; high-fiber, omega three fatty acid-rich diets; ketogenic Mediterranean antioxidant-rich food; anti-inflammatory diets improve insulin sensitivity hormonal balance Physical like aerobic resistance exercise, enhances sensitivity, helps weight loss, improves metabolic reproductive Further, education modules can also be used awareness, adherence, effectiveness conventional treatment manage mental health issues related Collectively, not only biochemical, hormonal, anthropometric parameters PCOS patients but reduce long-term risks cardiovascular diseases.

Language: Английский

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A pilot study of a ketogenic diet in bipolar disorder: clinical, metabolic and magnetic resonance spectroscopy findings

BJPsych Open, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(2)

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Background Preliminary evidence suggests that a ketogenic diet may be effective for bipolar disorder. Aims To assess the impact of in disorder on clinical, metabolic and magnetic resonance spectroscopy outcomes. Method Euthymic individuals with ( N = 27) were recruited to 6- 8-week single-arm open pilot study modified diet. Clinical, MRS measures assessed before after intervention. Results Of 27 participants, 26 began 20 completed For participants completing intervention, mean body weight fell by 4.2 kg P < 0.001), mass index 1.5 kg/m 2 0.001) systolic blood pressure 7.4 mmHg 0.041). The euthymic had average baseline follow-up assessments consistent them being range no statistically significant changes Affective Lability Scale-18, Beck Depression Inventory Young Mania Rating Scale. In providing reliable daily ecological momentary assessment data n 14), there was positive correlation between ketone levels self-rated mood r 0.21, energy 0.19 an inverse both impulsivity −0.30, anxiety −0.19, 0.001). From measurements, brain glutamate plus glutamine concentration decreased 11.6% anterior cingulate cortex 0.025) 13.6% posterior <0.001). Conclusions These findings suggest clinically useful disorder, mental health Replication randomised controlled trials are now warranted.

Language: Английский

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The Effects of Ketogenic Diet on Insulin Sensitivity and Weight Loss, Which Came First: The Chicken or the Egg?

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(14), P. 3120 - 3120

Published: July 12, 2023

The ketogenic diet (KD) is, nowadays, considered an interesting nutritional approach for weight loss and improvement in insulin resistance. Nevertheless, most of the studies available literature do not allow a clear distinction between its effects on sensitivity per se, induced by KDs sensitivity. In this review, we discuss scientific evidence direct mediated glycemic status humans, describing KD's biochemical background underlying mechanisms.

Language: Английский

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Digesting the complex metabolic effects of diet on the host and microbiome

Cell, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 187(15), P. 3857 - 3876

Published: July 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Physical Activity and Excess Body Weight and Adiposity for Adults. American College of Sports Medicine Consensus Statement

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 56(10), P. 2076 - 2091

Published: Sept. 15, 2024

ABSTRACT Excessive body weight and adiposity contribute to many adverse health concerns. The American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) recognizes that the condition excess is complex, with numerous factors warranting consideration. ACSM published a position stand on this topic in 2001 an update 2009, consensus paper role physical activity prevention gain 2019. This current serves as additional those prior papers. supports inclusion medical treatments (pharmacotherapy, metabolic bariatric surgery) adiposity, deemed be medically appropriate, provides perspectives within these therapies. For loss gain, effects may most prevalent when progressed appropriate manner at least 150 min·wk −1 moderate-intensity activity, benefits occur dose–response manner. High-intensity interval training does not appear superior moderate-to-vigorous for regulation, light-intensity also alternative approach provided it sufficient energy expenditure. Evidence support any one single mode other modes or loss, elicit holistic beyond multimodal should recommended. interaction between expenditure intake exercise control appetite are variable individuals. Physical interventions inclusive tailored sex, self-identified gender, race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, age, developmental level. Intervention approaches can include different forms, channels, methods activity.

Language: Английский

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Illuminating the Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of Different Ketogenic Diets for Individuals with Epilepsy: A Scoping Meta-Review

Seizure, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 125, P. 140 - 151

Published: Jan. 18, 2025

Language: Английский

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Common and divergent molecular mechanisms of fasting and ketogenic diets

Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 35(2), P. 125 - 141

Published: Oct. 28, 2023

Language: Английский

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