Oral Microbiome Dysbiosis as a Risk Factor for Stroke: A Comprehensive Review

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(8), P. 1732 - 1732

Published: Aug. 22, 2024

Stroke represents a significant global health burden, with substantial impact on mortality, morbidity, and long-term disability. The examination of stroke biomarkers, particularly the oral microbiome, offers promising avenue for advancing our understanding factors that contribute to risk developing strategies mitigate risk. This review highlights correlations between diseases, such as periodontitis caries, onset stroke. Periodontal pathogens within microbiome have been identified contributing factor in exacerbation stroke, including obesity, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, hypertension, endothelial dysfunction. alteration may these conditions, emphasizing vital role prevention cardiovascular disease. integration dental medical practices enhancing efforts improving patient outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Oral Health Status and Factors Associated with Oral Health in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease: A Matched Case-Control Observational Study

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 1412 - 1412

Published: Feb. 20, 2025

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease, ranking as the seventh leading cause of death in both sexes. There increasing awareness role periodontal and severe tooth loss modifiable risk factor for developing AD. The aim present observational study was to assess AD patients with non-affected healthy controls context their dental health outcomes; additionally, potential impact anamnestic factors lifestyle habits on oral outcomes also studied. Methods: A total n = 41 receiving treatment at Department Psychiatry, University Szeged, were compared age- gender-matched from individuals seeking retirement homes (mean age 83.32 ± 7.82 years). Dental status indices assessed according World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. Results: Overall, 51.2%, 68.3%, 87.8% received mood stabilizers, drugs non-cognitive symptoms cognitive symptoms, respectively. Severe observed 43.9% 56.1% controls, no significant differences among regarding studied (p > 0.05 all indicators). had significantly higher plaque (%) (59.06 15.45 vs. 41.35 7.97; p < 0.001), bleeding probing (BOP%) (62.65 12.00 40.12 10.86; pocket depth [PD] (2.63 0.56 2.29 0.13; 0.002) attachment [AL] (2.85 0.79 2.39 0.41; 0.026) values, controls. Smoking (vs. non-smokers; 56.28 12.36 51.40 13.23, 0.038) consumption alcohol non-drinkers; 58.68 9.86 54.78 14.86, 0.040) associated [%], while similar effects shown parameters 0.05). In contrast, coffee intake vitamin supplement use effect or cases). Conclusions: results our underscore substantial needs patients, calling heightened healthcare professionals.

Language: Английский

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Ligature-induced periodontitis in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease dysregulates neuroinflammation, exacerbates cognitive impairment, and accelerates amyloid pathology

Brain Behavior & Immunity - Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 44, P. 100969 - 100969

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

A growing body of literature has identified periodontal disease among the modifiable risk factors for Alzheimer's (AD), but mechanisms underlying this relationship is unknown. This study investigated using a ligature-induced preclinical periodontitis (Pd) model in non-transgenic (non-Tg) and 3xTg-AD mice. We found that ligature placement caused significant alveolar bone loss, with mice exhibiting exacerbated suggesting AD-related genetic may amplify progression. Pd induced robust local inflammatory gene expression both genotypes, indicated dysregulated immune response. Cognitive deficits were observed only Pd-afflicted mice, specifically hippocampus-mediated spatial memory perirhinal cortex-mediated object recognition memory, while non-Tg remained unaffected. Neuroinflammatory responses varied by brain region, hippocampus prefrontal cortex (PFC) showing most pronounced changes. In these regions, exhibited significantly altered cytokine compared to particularly at later time points. Synaptic markers revealed vulnerabilities including reduced baseline Syp Synpo post-ligature. transiently glutamate receptor persistent changes, potentially linked preserved memory. also accelerated amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition sustained neurodegeneration Overall, shows combining exacerbates inflammation, cognitive impairment, synaptic dysfunction, Aβ pathology, neurodegeneration. Neither insult alone was sufficient produce effects, highlighting synergistic impact. These findings emphasize need explore anti-inflammatory interventions downstream mitigate confluence diseases.

Language: Английский

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Analysis of Molecular Aspects of Periodontitis as a Risk Factor for Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Single-Center 10-Year Retrospective Cohort Study

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(6), P. 2382 - 2382

Published: March 7, 2025

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) represent a considerable global health burden with no definitive treatments. Emerging evidence suggests that periodontitis may contribute to NDD through shared inflammatory, microbial, and genetic pathways. A retrospective cohort design was applied analyze hospital records from 2012–2022 determine whether independently increases risk when accounting for major cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, metabolic, inflammatory confounders. Likelihood ratio-based Cox regression tests Weibull survival models were assess the association between risk. Model selection guided by Akaike Bayesian information criteria, while Harrell’s C-index receiver operating characteristic curves evaluated predictive performance. Periodontitis demonstrated an independent neurodegenerative disease (HR 1.43, 95% CI 1.02–1.99). Cerebral infarction conferred highest hazard 4.81, 2.90–7.96), pneumonia 1.96, 1.05–3.64) gastroesophageal reflux 2.82, 1.77–4.51) also showed significant in Older individuals are at heightened of disease, effect further intensified cardiometabolic, conditions. Pneumonia emerged as pathophysiological factor accelerate onset or progression. Attention oral systemic factors coordinated clinical management mitigate severity neurodegeneration.

Language: Английский

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Incidence and Factors Associated With Cognitive Impairment 90 Days After First Ever Ischemic Stroke

International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 40(5)

Published: April 26, 2025

ABSTRACT Objectives Post‐stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) is prevalent among stroke survivors, negatively impacting long‐term outcomes. We aimed to assess the prevalence of PSCI and its risk factors in participants from iBioStroke study ( n = 1042), 90 days after their first ischemic stroke. Methods prospectively analyzed data 582 participants, without problems before based on structured interview with patient, a family member or caregiver, and/or clinical documentation (if available), who completed Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) at discharge post‐stroke. Two MoCA cut‐offs were used define PSCI: score ≤ 25 model 22 second model. Multivariate logistic regression was employed identify independent for 30 collected parameters. Results In model, identified 418 (71.8%) day 90. Independent included older age (OR 1.05; 95% CI:1.02–1.08), fewer years education 0.83; CI: 0.73–0.93), lower scores 0.76; 0.69–0.84), higher anxiety levels (HADS‐A) 1.10; 1.01–1.21), larger volume 1.01; 1.00–1.01). observed 294 (50.5%) participants. Older 1.06; 1.03–1.09), 0.87; 0.78–0.96), 0.77–0.88), depression (HADS‐D) 1.03–1.18) significant predictors. Conclusions Based our data, seems be common consequence Both irreversible factors, such as educational level, volume, potentially modifiable including post‐stroke acute impairment, contribute risk. These findings underscore importance early psychiatric interventions survivors.

Language: Английский

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Correlation between Periodontitis and Onset of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Literature Review

Dentistry Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(10), P. 331 - 331

Published: Oct. 17, 2024

Alzheimer's disease is a slowly progressing neurodegenerative illness and the most common form of dementia. This pathology leads to an increase in cognitive decline responsible, patients, for several difficulties performing various activities daily living, such as oral hygiene. Several experimental studies have shown that health patients with worsens direct proportion progression due appearance gingivitis periodontitis.

Language: Английский

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Pregnant Women’s Awareness of Periodontal Disease Effects: A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study in Saudi Arabia

Healthcare, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(23), P. 2413 - 2413

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

Periodontal disease is an infection of the surrounding and supporting tissues teeth. Several associations have been identified for systemic conditions. This study aimed to assess awareness pregnant women regarding link between premature low-weight births with periodontal diseases.

Language: Английский

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