Gut–X axis

iMeta, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 4(1)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Abstract Recent advances in understanding the modulatory functions of gut and microbiota on human diseases facilitated our focused attention contribution to pathophysiological alterations many extraintestinal organs, including liver, heart, brain, lungs, kidneys, bone, skin, reproductive, endocrine systems. In this review, we applied “gut–X axis” concept describe linkages between other organs discussed latest findings related axis,” underlying mechanisms potential clinical intervention strategies.

Language: Английский

---

Association between non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and sarcopenia in individuals with cancer: a cross-sectional study

Lipids in Health and Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: July 16, 2024

Abstract Background Cancer and sarcopenia are both closely related to lipid metabolism, but the relationship between metabolism patients with cancer has not been thoroughly studied. The non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol high-density ratio (NHHR) is a reliable measure of metabolism. purpose this study was determine possible NHHR in individuals cancer. Methods Data from National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database for cancer, without analyzed using weighted multiple regression equations, cubic spline (RCS) analysis, subgroup analysis. Results In total, 1,602 were included, whom 17.1% had sarcopenia. Adjusted Model 2, occurrence found be significantly associated higher (95% confidence interval [CI]:1.01–1.39, P = 0.036). Individuals high 2.09-fold risk developing comparison those low CI:1.12–3.92, 0.022). RCS analysis further identified U-shaped non-linear females muscle index. Subgroup indicated that sex significant stratifying factor, whereas age, race, marital status, smoking drinking habits, history cardiovascular disease, arthritis, hypertension, diabetes no impact. Conclusion From perspective may serve as an indicator monitoring preventing particularly who appear have greater sensitivity.

Language: Английский

---

Menopause-dependent correlations of blood mercury levels with bone mineral density and appendicular lean mass index in middle-aged women

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Feb. 19, 2025

Mercury exposure poses significant health risks, yet its effects on bone mineral density (BMD) and appendicular lean mass index (ALMI) in middle-aged women remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the associations between blood mercury levels (BML) these key indicators of skeletal body composition, with special attention potential modifying effect menopausal status. We analyzed data from 1,648 aged 40-59 years (782 premenopausal, 866 postmenopausal) using National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2018. Multiple linear regression models were employed assess relationships LnBML both lumbar BMD ALMI, adjusting for relevant covariates. There was complex, non-linear parameters. Notably, relationship differed significantly based status (P interaction <0.001). In premenopausal women, negatively associated (β = -0.018, 95% CI: -0.029, -0.007), while postmenopausal a positive association observed 0.025, 0.014, 0.036). Conversely, demonstrated ALMI 0.054, 0.083, p < 0.001) fully adjusted model. Our findings revealed intricate, menopause-dependent BML parameters women. These results underscore complex interplay environmental exposures women's across transition, highlighting need further research elucidate underlying mechanisms inform targeted interventions.

Language: Английский

---

Sex-specific associations of urinary mixed-metal concentrations with femoral bone mineral density among older people: an NHANES (2017–2020) analysis

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: May 17, 2024

Background Heavy metal exposure is an important cause of reduced bone mineral density (BMD). Epidemiological studies focusing on the effects mixed heavy BMD in middle-aged and older people are scarce. In single-metal studies, men women have shown distinct responses to environmental exposure. This study therefore aimed elucidate association between investigate whether it sex-specific. Methods Data from 2017–2020 National Health Nutrition Examination Survey were selected for this cross-sectional study. The used three statistical methods, i.e., linear regression, Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) modeling, weighted quartiles (WQS) explore urinary concentrations 11 metals (barium, cadmium, cobalt, cesium, manganese, molybdenum, lead, antimony, tin, thallium, Tungsten), either individually or as a mixture, total femoral BMD. Results A 1,031 participants included Femoral was found be higher than women. significant negative correlation 10 overall cohort. Further gender sub-stratified analyses showed that men, negatively correlated with BMD, cobalt barium playing non-linear role effect. women, although modulated none correlations statistically significant. Antimony sex-specific differences its Conclusion participants, effect differences. These findings emphasize differing process reduction sexes but require further validation by prospective studies.

Language: Английский

---

Irisin and Its Role in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(4), P. 928 - 928

Published: April 22, 2024

Menopause, an extremely delicate phase in a woman's life, is characterized by drop estrogen levels. This decrease has been associated with the onset of several diseases, including postmenopausal osteoporosis and sarcopenia, which often coexist same person, leading to increased risk fractures, morbidity, mortality. To date, there are no approved pharmacological treatments for while not all those beneficial muscles. In recent years, research focused on field myokines, cytokines, or peptides secreted skeletal muscle fibers following exercise. Among these, irisin attracted great interest as it possesses myogenic properties but at time exerts anabolic effects bone could therefore represent link between bone. Therefore, new therapeutic strategy treatment also serve biomarker thus facilitating diagnosis intervention. The purpose this review provide updated summary what we know about role sarcopenia.

Language: Английский

---

Effect of Tai Chi exercise on bone health and fall prevention in postmenopausal women: a meta-analysis

Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 19(1)

Published: Aug. 10, 2024

The bone status of postmenopausal women is worsening. In fact, period the high incidence stage osteoporosis and falls. Notably, a recent study has pointed out that exercise can improve health in women. However, effect Tai Chi on controversial. Therefore, meta-analysis was designed to analyze fall prevention

Language: Английский

---

CHST3, PGBD5, and SLIT2 can be identified as potential genes for the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis and sarcopenia

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

Osteoporosis and sarcopenia are common diseases in the older. This study aims to use transcriptomics explore diagnostic genes of osteoporosis predict potentially effective treatment drugs. Three datasets for were downloaded from GEO database, transcriptome sequencing was performed on clinical samples. A total 23 differentially expressed (DEGs) selected using LIMMA, WGCNA, DEseq2 package. machine learning methods employed determine final diseases. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves used evaluate predictive performance genes. Single-gene enrichment analysis (GSEA), immune infiltration abundance calculation, related metabolic pathogenesis two Finally, CMap database potential therapeutic drugs diseases, further validation conducted through RT-PCR WB. CHST3, PGBD5, SLIT2 identified, showing good both internal external validations. GSEA revealed that enriched primarily pathways cell cycle regulation, fatty acid metabolism, DNA replication, carbohydrate synthesis. CHST3 involved response, but PGBD5 seemed unrelated response. Potential predicted, RT-PCR, WB results validated our hypotheses. can serve as diagnosis sarcopenia; furthermore, these provide new clues experimental research treatment.

Language: Английский

---

Darbepoetin alfa enhances exercise performance in trained mice in a sex-specific manner.

Journal of Pharmacological Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 157(3), P. 131 - 138

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) increase hemoglobin mass and maximal oxygen uptake; however, it remains unclear whether the abuse of ESAs enhances exercise performance. Therefore, we herein investigated effects darbepoetin alfa (DPO), a long-acting erythropoietin analog, on performance in trained male female mice. Exercise was assessed as number arrivals at halfway line flow rate-adjustable swimming pool. The DPO treatment significantly increased hematocrit levels regardless sex, but only enhanced sex-specific effect not abolished by ovariectomy; enhancing more pronounced ovariectomized (OVX) mice than This attributed to significant gene expression PGC-1alpha gastrocnemius (GASTR) muscle OVX mice, In addition, myocyte hypertrophy, angiogenesis, observed GASTR DPO-treated These results revealed Enhanced did appear require sex hormones may be due direct skeletal muscles.

Language: Английский

---

Investigation of Anti-Osteoporosis Mechanisms of Qu Shi Jian Gu Fang Based on Network Pharmacology and Experimental Verification

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Ethnopharmacological relevanceQu Shi Jian Gu Fang (QSJGF) is a traditional Chinese medicine has been shown to effectively alleviate symptoms associated with osteoporosis; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects remain unclear.Aim of studyThe objective this study investigate anti-osteoporosis QSJGF through network pharmacology and experimental validation.Materials methodsOverlapping targets between osteoporosis were identified using online platforms. A visual diagram protein-protein interactions (PPI) was constructed analyzed Cytoscape 3.7.2 software. Molecular docking employed assess binding activity ligands receptors, while key genes validated pharmacological experiments.ResultsTopological analysis revealed that AKT1, EGFR, ESR1, MMP9, SRC, PIK3CA are critical involved in treatment by QSJGF, exhibiting high affinity Apigenin, Acacetin, Quercetin, Kaempferol, Isorhamnetin, Pimpinellin. The primary signaling pathways implicated on include phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) pathway, Ras lipid atherosclerosis pathways, calcium regulation inflammatory mediators via TRP channels. Micro-CT imaging, hematoxylin eosin (HE) staining, biomechanical three-point bending tests, Western blot analyses demonstrated intervention osteoporosis-induced rats significantly enhanced bone formation surface density. This reversed reduction trabeculae caused estrogen deficiency, increased femoral strength rats, elevated levels PI3K AKT, as well expression p-PI3K p-AKT proteins tissue.ConclusionsThis elucidates interplay multiple components osteoporosis, offering new insights for clinical application research.

Language: Английский

---

Prevalence of vertebral fractures at death

Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Abstract Introduction Despite many studies on the prevalence of vertebral fractures (VFs), VF at death in Japanese population remains unclear. Materials and methods We evaluated a cohort using autopsy imaging computed tomography (AiCT). enrolled 365 cadavers (188 men, 177 women, mean age 84.6 years) donated for anatomical dissection Shimane University School Medicine. The VFs were diagnosed semiquantitative technique Genant from first cervical vertebra to fifth lumbar vertebra. Results overall was 69.6% (58.5%/81.4% men/women), which 46.0% (29.8%/63.3% men/women) had thoracic VFs, 58.1% (50.5%/66.1% VFs. most frequent fracture site spine 1 (L1) with 31.5% (22.9%/40.7% followed by 12 (T12) 31.0% (20.7%/41.8% men/women). In terms severity, 3.8% (4.8%/2.8% 23.8% (27.1%/20.3% 41.9% (26.6%/58.2% Grades 1, 2, 3. T3 L5 Grade 3 severity significantly higher women. associated history surgical intervention femoral neck fractures. not following underlying causes death: cancer, heart disease, senile death, cerebrovascular pneumonia, aspiration pneumonia. Conclusion assessed AiCT dissection, both men women compared previous conducted individuals aged ≥ 80 years Japan.

Language: Английский

---