Early Identification of Exacerbations in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 397 - 397

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) have a substantial effect on overall disease management, health system costs, and patient outcomes. However, exacerbations are often underdiagnosed or recognized with great delay due to several factors such as patients' inability differentiate between acute episodes symptom fluctuations, delays in seeking medical assistance, disparities dyspnea perception. Self-management intervention plans, telehealth smartphone-based programs provide educational material, counseling, virtual hospitals telerehabilitation, help COPD patients identify early. Moreover, biomarkers blood eosinophil count, fibrinogen, CRP, Serum amyloid A(SAA),together imaging parameters the pulmonary artery-to-aorta diameter ratio, emerged potential predictors exacerbations, yet their clinical utility is limited by variability lack specificity. In this review, we information regarding importance early identification exacerbation events available methods which can be used for purpose.

Language: Английский

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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Complex Interactions and Clinical Implications

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(6), P. 1809 - 1809

Published: March 7, 2025

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are highly prevalent chronic conditions, frequently coexisting due to their shared pathophysiological mechanisms risk factors. Epidemiological studies estimate that up 30% of COPD patients have comorbid T2DM, contributing worsened progression, more hospitalizations, higher mortality rates. Systemic inflammation in contributes insulin resistance by increasing pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, CRP), which impair glucose metabolism beta-cell function. Conversely, hyperglycemia T2DM exacerbates oxidative stress, leading endothelial dysfunction, reduced lung function, impaired repair mechanisms. A comprehensive narrative review was conducted evaluate the interplay between examining mechanisms, clinical consequences, management strategies. The co-occurrence accelerates development, elevates hospitalization rates, deteriorates overall prognosis. Pharmacological interactions complicate illness treatment, requiring a multidisciplinary therapy strategy. Recent data underscore need integrate palliative care, facilitate decision-making, provide psychological support enhance patient outcomes. Efficient COPD-T2DM comorbidity necessitates customized, interdisciplinary strategy targets both respiratory metabolic health. Preliminary prognostic dialogues, holistic lifestyle modifications can improve quality life results.

Language: Английский

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Effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation combined with respiratory rehabilitation training on pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(1)

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

the study aimed to analyze therapeutic effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) combined with respiratory muscle training (RMT) on patients moderate-to-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). 135 moderate/severe were selected as research object and randomly selected. 72 cases divided into rehabilitation group 63 in control group. healthy individuals who underwent physical examination same period also included internal (blank group). Data function parameters (FEV1, FEV1%pred, FEV1/FVC ratio), blood gas analysis (arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2), carbon dioxide (PaCO2), arterial saturation (SaO2)), anxiety depression scores collected before after intervention for RG, CG, BG. Additionally, COPD assessment test (CAT) recorded both RG CG. Results: following intervention, PaO2 was clearly reduced, PaCO2 SaO2 visibly higher subjects; against CG; Forced expiratory volume one second (FEV1), percentage predicted FEV1 (FEV1%pred), FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC) subjects higher, FEV1%pred The CAT those reduced CG (P < 0.05). NMES (PR) exercise can improve lung function, oxygenation capacity, exhalation, quality life (QoL) patients, effectively alleviating depression.

Language: Английский

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Investigating the Risk Factors for the Coexistence of Insomnia and its Exacerbation in AECOPD

Respiratory Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 238, P. 107987 - 107987

Published: Feb. 5, 2025

Highlights•The presence of insomnia in patients with AECOPD significantly impacts their quality life and exacerbates COPD-related symptoms.•Factors such as gender, education level, medication use patterns were identified key contributors to patients.•Patients experiencing more severe tend have COPD symptoms.•The study highlights the importance early screening improve individualized treatment clinical outcomes.AbstractAimExplore risk factors contributing its severity Acute Exacerbation Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (AECOPD).MethodsThe included 155 from Chaohu Hospital, Anhui Medical University, treated between September 2022 October 2023. Patients categorized into groups (mild, moderate, severe) a control group based on Insomnia Severity Index Scale (ISI) scores. Sleep assessed using Pittsburgh Quality (PSQI), CAT score, mMRC classification. Clinical data, pathology, results various laboratory tests collected. Details current admission treatment, including ventilator usage, types, administration methods, documented for comparisons.ResultsThis patients, over 70% high-risk OSA. Among them, 87 68 comparison group. The comprised 46 mild, 36 5 cases. Female those lower education, shorter smoking history, higher PSQI scores, frequent hospital admissions, oral or intravenous glucocorticoids likely experience insomnia. In moderate subgroup, had scores longer hospitalization than mild No significant differences found quinolones, glucocorticoid administration, use, resuscitation behaviors among levels.ConclusionInsomnia coexisting is prevalent, patient's educational symptoms, type influencing sleep status.

Language: Английский

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Dietary Zinc activates the Nrf2 signaling pathway to inhibit pyroptosis and attenuate the lung inflammatory response in COPD

Cytotechnology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 77(2)

Published: Feb. 18, 2025

Language: Английский

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Lactate dehydrogenase to albumin ratio and prognosis in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a retrospective cohort study

BMC Pulmonary Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: April 4, 2025

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a global public health challenge and major cause of death. The lactate dehydrogenase to albumin ratio (LAR) simple practical indicator prognosis, but its prognostic value in acute exacerbation COPD (AECOPD) remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed explore the LAR for short-term all-cause mortality risk patients with AECOPD. This retrospective cohort study included 654 AECOPD from MIMIC-IV database. was analyzed after natural logarithm transformation were divided into three groups. clinical outcome 1-month 3-months mortality. relationship between assessed using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis Cox regression model. Generalized additive models employed identify non-linear relationships, subgroup performed determine stability results. showed that levels significantly positively correlated Compared low group, medium group had increased risk, hazard (HR) 1.74 (95% [Confidence Interval, CI] 1.16-2.63, P = 0.008). Patients high an even higher HR 2.58 CI 1.75-3.80, < 0.001). For 3-month mortality, 1.54 1.10-2.16, 0.012), while those 2.18 1.58-3.01, results remained stable all adjusted analyses. due non-linear, inflection points at 8.13 6.05 respectively. Elevated independent predictive can be used improve decision-making management these patients. Not applicable.

Language: Английский

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Mechanisms of LouDan LiFei Granule Attenuate Inflammatory Injury in AECOPD:A Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation

Phytomedicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 156719 - 156719

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Burden of Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in China: an analysis based on the GBD 2021 compared with the United States

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(4), P. e0321470 - e0321470

Published: April 17, 2025

Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is an important affecting physical health worldwide, and the burden of this has been growing since 1991 for both China US. Objective To examine changes in COPD US between 1990–2021. Methods The joinpoint analysis, age-Period-Cohort decomposition predictive analysis methods were used to describe prevalence, incidence, death, disability-adjusted life years Results Compared with China, all four measures higher than they had 1990. increases age China. Conversely, US, getting younger. epidemiological have contributed increasing but led a decline By 2042, number cases countries will rise, especially death rate Conclusion not rapidly short term, as well global community, must take seriously.

Language: Английский

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The role and clinical significance of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and TNF-α in prognostic evaluation of T-COPD

BMC Pulmonary Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: April 23, 2025

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive inflammatory disorder that requires effective biomarkers for assessing activity and severity. This study aimed to compare clinical characteristics, biomarker levels, function between stable COPD (S-COPD) treated (T-COPD) patients, with focus on the prognostic value of markers such as TNF-α, MPO, IL-6. A total 81 patients were enrolled in study, including 39 42 (T-COPD). Clinical lung (measured by FEV1%), (IL-6, MMP-9, SAA, others) assessed. Inflammatory compared two groups, their associations examined using correlation regression analyses. Prognostic was assessed ROC curve analysis. The T-COPD group exhibited significantly more severe disease, higher rates exacerbations, worse quality life (CAT mMRC scores), reduced (FEV1%, 6-minute walk distance). analysis revealed no significant differences IL-6, RDW, LCN2, PLR, NLR, but TNF-α MPO (P = 0.015 P 0.012, respectively). Among these biomarkers, showed strong negative correlations FEV1% (r -0.521 r -0.459, indicated (AUC 0.821) most predictive biomarker, followed 0.785) IL-6 0.711). Combining provided best performance 0.878). are associated severity patients. combination offers superior value, suggesting may serve useful tools monitoring progression guiding treatment decisions

Language: Английский

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Path analysis of predictors of frailty in hospitalised patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: April 28, 2025

Frailty is highly prevalent in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), contributing to poor clinical outcomes and reduced quality of life. To examine the effects grip strength, CAT score, multimorbidity, GOLD stage, age on frailty for hospitalised COPD through path analysis. This cross-sectional study used convenience sampling select 283 from March August 2024. Path analysis explored direct indirect among age. Grip strength was measured a digital dynamometer, score assessed impact, multimorbidity based patient-reported diagnoses, stage determined by function tests. Among patients, prevalence 33.92%. The model showed good fit (χ2/df = 1.170, RMSEA 0.027, 90% CI 0.024-0.085, CFI 0.992, TLI 0.982, SRMR 0.051, GFI 0.981). strongest predictor frailty, followed multimorbidity. explained 46.9% variance accounting 11.2%. Hospitalised who exhibited low high advanced age, higher were more likely experience frailty. These findings suggest that interventions aimed at improving managing may help alleviate patients.

Language: Английский

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