Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(4), P. 1016 - 1016

Published: March 27, 2023

Inflammatory bowel diseases represent a complex array of incompletely known etiology that led to gastrointestinal tract chronic inflammation. In inflammatory disease, promising method treatment is represented by fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), FMT has shown its increasing effectiveness and safety in recent years for recurrent CDI; moreover, it showed real clinical benefits treating SARS-CoV-2 CDI co-infection. Crohn’s disease ulcerative colitis are characterized immune dysregulation, resulting digestive damage caused responses. Most current therapeutic strategies associated with high costs many adverse effects directly targeting the response, so modifying microbial environment offers an alternative approach could indirectly influence host’s system safe way. Studies outline endoscopic improvements UC CD patients versus control groups. This review outlines multiple case IBD improving unbalanced gut, therefore symptomatology. We aim emphasize importance order prevent flares or complications highlight further validation needed establishing protocol IBD.

Language: Английский

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Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: Common and different pathogenic and clinical features

Autoimmunity Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 22(10), P. 103410 - 103410

Published: Aug. 18, 2023

The term "immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs)" refers to several pathologies of multifactorial etiology and involving either simultaneously or sequentially more organs. IMIDs share some common pathogenic mechanisms, which account for similarities in the clinical course impact that these may have on other organs systems body. However, there are differences IMID-associated pathological process, including synthesis function multiple cytokines, supposed perpetuate tissue-damaging inflammation. This justifies different indications responsiveness corticosteroids, immunosuppressors, small molecules, biologics. Many individuals with are, however, intolerant, unresponsive current drugs, thus suggesting necessity novel therapeutic approaches, such as combination compounds inhibit immuno-inflammatory networks selectively suppress signals activate counter-regulatory pathways. In this article, we highlight most relevant features discuss how clinicians can combat detrimental immune response disorders.

Language: Английский

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Colonization with two different Blastocystis subtypes in DSS-induced colitis mice is associated with strikingly different microbiome and pathological features

Theranostics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 1165 - 1179

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Rationale:The gut microbiota plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).However, Blastocystis infection and Blastocystis-altered development diseases their underlying mechanisms are not well understood.Methods: We investigated effect ST4 ST7 on intestinal microbiota, metabolism, host immune responses, then explored microbiome dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mice.Results: This study showed that prior colonization with conferred protection from DSS-induced through elevating abundance beneficial bacteria, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production proportion Foxp3 + IL-10-producing CD4 T cells.Conversely, exacerbated severity by increasing pathogenic bacteria inducing pro-inflammatory IL-17A TNF-α-producing cells.Furthermore, transplantation ST4-and ST7-altered resulted similar phenotypes.Conclusions: Our data exert strikingly differential effects these could influence susceptibility to colitis.ST4 prevented mice may be considered as novel therapeutic strategy against immunological future, while is potential risk factor for experimentally induced warrants attention.

Language: Английский

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MAIT cells and the microbiome

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Feb. 23, 2023

Mucosal associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are innate-like lymphocytes, strikingly enriched at mucosal surfaces and characterized by a semi-invariant αβ cell receptor (TCR) recognizing microbial derived intermediates of riboflavin synthesis presented the MHC-Ib molecule MR1. At barrier sites MAIT occupy prime position for interaction with commensal microorganisms, comprising microbiota. The microbiota is rich source antigens required in early life to promote intra-thymic development sustain life-long population tissue resident cells. A symbiotic relationship thought be maintained health whereby microbes maturation homeostasis, turn can engage TCR-dependent "tissue repair" program presence organisms conducive sustaining function integrity community. activation induced MR1-TCR dependent manner or through independent mechanisms

Language: Английский

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Inflammatory bowel disease–associated intestinal fibrosis

Journal of Pathology and Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 57(1), P. 60 - 66

Published: Jan. 10, 2023

Fibrosis is characterized by a proliferation of fibroblasts and excessive extracellular matrix following chronic inflammation, this replacement organ tissue with fibrotic causes loss function. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) inflammation the gastrointestinal tract, intestinal fibrosis common in IBD patients, resulting several complications that require surgery, such as stricture or penetration. This review describes pathogenesis various factors involved IBD, including cytokines, growth factors, epithelial-mesenchymal endothelial-mesenchymal transitions, gut microbiota. Furthermore, histopathologic findings scoring systems used for stenosis are discussed, differences patterns ulcerative colitis Crohn's compared. Biomarkers therapeutic agents targeting briefly mentioned at end.

Language: Английский

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Mechanism of Iron Ion Homeostasis in Intestinal Immunity and Gut Microbiota Remodeling

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(2), P. 727 - 727

Published: Jan. 5, 2024

Iron is a vital trace element that plays an important role in humans and other organisms. It active the growth, development, reproduction of bacteria, such as Bifidobacteria. deficiency or excess can negatively affect bacterial hosts. Studies have reported major iron human intestine, which necessary for maintaining body homeostasis intestinal barrier function. Organisms maintain their normal activities regulate some cancer cells by regulating excretion iron-dependent ferroptosis. In addition, modify interaction between hosts microorganisms altering growth virulence affecting immune system host. Lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus), rhamnosus rhamnosus), casei casei) were to increase elements, protect host barrier, mitigate inflammation, This review article focuses on two aspects gut generally summarizes mechanistic ions immunity remodeling microbiota.

Language: Английский

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Microbial-derived imidazole propionate links the heart failure-associated microbiome alterations to disease severity

Genome Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Feb. 8, 2024

Abstract Background Interactions between the gut microbiota, diet, and host metabolism contribute to development of cardiovascular disease, but a firm link disease-specific microbiota alterations circulating metabolites is lacking. Methods We performed shot-gun sequencing on 235 samples from 166 HF patients 69 healthy control samples. Separate plasma controls ( n = 53) were used for comparison imidazole propionate (ImP) levels. Taxonomy functional pathways shotgun data was assigned using MetaPhlAn3 HUMAnN3 pipelines. Results Here, we show that heart failure (HF) associated with specific compositional shift linked levels microbial histidine-derived metabolite ImP. Circulating ImP are elevated in chronic compared HF-related alterations. Contrary composition, provide insight into etiology severity also associate markers intestinal permeability systemic inflammation. Conclusions Our findings establish connection changes presence, etiology, HF, gut-microbially produced While appears promising as biomarker reflecting dysbiosis related further studies essential demonstrate its causal or contributing role pathogenesis. Trial registration NCT02637167, registered December 22, 2015.

Language: Английский

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The role of gut microbiota in human metabolism and inflammatory diseases: a focus on elderly individuals

Annals of Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 74(1)

Published: Jan. 3, 2024

Abstract Background The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in regulating the host’s immune responses during aging, which was characterized by different abundance of bacteria several age groups. Main body Gut dysbiosis is associated with antibiotic exposure, underlying diseases, infections, hormonal variations, circadian rhythm, and malnutrition, either singularly or combination. appropriate use prebiotics probiotics may be able to prevent reduce this disruption. Conclusion current review focuses on composition across life cycle, factors affecting changes interventions modulate microbiota.

Language: Английский

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An Exopolysaccharide from Genistein-Stimulated Monascus Purpureus: Structural Characterization and Protective Effects against DSS-Induced Intestinal Barrier Injury Associated with the Gut Microbiota-Modulated Short-Chain Fatty Acid-TLR4/MAPK/NF-κB Cascade Response

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 72(13), P. 7476 - 7496

Published: March 21, 2024

Inflammatory bowel disease is a major health problem that can lead to prolonged damage the digestive system. This study investigated effects of an exopolysaccharide from genistein-stimulated Monascus purpureus (G-EMP) in mouse model colitis clarify its molecular mechanisms and identified structures. G-EMP (Mw = 56.4 kDa) was primarily consisted → 4)-α-D-Galp-(1 →, 2,6)-α-D-Glcp-(1→ →2)-β-D-Manp-(1 , with one branches being α-D-Manp-(1 →. intervention reduced loss body weight, degree colonic shortening, activity index scores, histopathology while restoring goblet cell production oxidative homeostasis, repairing functions, regulating inflammatory cytokines. RNA sequencing Western blot analysis indicated exerts anti-inflammatory properties by suppressing TLR4/MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway. modulated gut microbiota improving diversities, elevating relative abundances beneficial bacteria, declining Firmicutes/Bacteroidota value, level short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Correlation demonstrated strong links between SCFAs, microbiota, response, indicating potential prevent colitis.

Language: Английский

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Potential interventions and interactions of bioactive polyphenols and functional polysaccharides to alleviate inflammatory bowel disease – A review

Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 462, P. 140951 - 140951

Published: Aug. 23, 2024

Language: Английский

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