Environmental Sciences Europe,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
37(1)
Published: Jan. 8, 2025
The
degradation
of
mismanaged
plastic
waste
in
the
environment
results
formation
microplastics
(MPs)
and
nanoplastics
(NPs),
which
pose
significant
risks
to
ecosystems
human
health.
These
particles
are
pervasive,
detected
even
remote
regions,
can
enter
food
chain,
accumulating
organisms
causing
harm
depending
on
factors
such
as
particle
load,
exposure
dose,
presence
co-contaminants.
Detecting
analyzing
NMPs
present
unique
challenges,
particularly
size
decreases,
making
them
increasingly
difficult
identify.
Moreover,
absence
standardized
protocols
for
their
detection
analysis
further
hinders
comprehensive
assessments
environmental
biological
impacts.
This
review
provides
a
detailed
overview
latest
advancements
technologies
sampling,
separation,
measurement,
quantification
NMPs.
It
highlights
promising
approaches,
supported
by
practical
examples
from
recent
studies,
while
critically
addressing
persistent
challenges
characterization,
analysis.
work
examines
cutting-edge
developments
nanotechnology-based
detection,
integrated
spectro-microscopic
techniques,
AI-driven
classification
algorithms,
offering
solutions
bridge
gaps
NMP
research.
By
exploring
state-of-the-art
methodologies
presenting
future
perspectives,
this
valuable
insights
improving
capabilities
at
micro-
nanoscale,
enabling
more
effective
across
diverse
contexts.
EBioMedicine,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
99, P. 104901 - 104901
Published: Dec. 6, 2023
Humans
are
exposed
to
micro-and-nano
plastics
(MNPs)
through
various
routes,
but
the
adverse
health
effects
of
MNPs
on
different
organ
systems
not
yet
fully
understood.
This
review
aims
provide
an
overview
potential
impacts
and
identify
knowledge
gaps
in
current
research.
The
summarized
results
suggest
that
exposure
can
lead
oxidative
stress,
inflammation,
immune
dysfunction,
altered
biochemical
energy
metabolism,
impaired
cell
proliferation,
disrupted
microbial
metabolic
pathways,
abnormal
development,
carcinogenicity.
There
is
limited
human
data
MNPs,
despite
evidence
from
animal
cellular
studies.
Most
published
research
has
focused
specific
types
assess
their
toxicity,
while
other
plastic
particles
commonly
found
environment
remain
unstudied.
Future
studies
should
investigate
by
considering
realistic
concentrations,
dose-dependent
effects,
individual
susceptibility,
confounding
factors.
Chemical Engineering Journal Advances,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
11, P. 100310 - 100310
Published: April 29, 2022
The
prevalence
of
micro
and
nanoplastics
(MNPs)
across
the
various
environments
their
negative
impact
on
ecosystems
have
become
a
serious
global
threat
are
currently
subject
many
environmental
concerns.
Studies
provided
evidence
that
MNPs
potential
to
leach
toxic
plastic
chemical
additives
can
adsorb
variety
persistent
organic
pollutants,
thereby
enhancing
bioavailability,
toxicity,
dispersion.
Moreover,
these
easily
penetrate
food
chain
might
cause
health
problems
when
ingested
by
humans
other
organisms.
Currently,
there
is
complexity
in
understanding
mechanisms
which
chemicals
adsorb/desorb
onto/from
MNPs,
physical
biological
impacts
additives.
To
date,
considerable
lack
knowledge
major
concern
used
industry,
fate
once
dispose
into
environment,
factors
affect
degradation,
consequent
human
health.
This
review
critically
analyzes
current
concerning
physical,
chemical,
pollutants
associated
with
MNPs.
Emphasis
was
laid
types,
occurrence,
fate,
distribution
environment.
different
techniques
identification,
characterization,
removal
were
also
elucidated.
Furthermore,
harmful
effects
discussed
spur
more
future
studies
fill
gaps
this
area.
Environmental Research Letters,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
17(5), P. 054036 - 054036
Published: April 21, 2022
Abstract
It
is
now
established
that
microplastics
are
a
pervasive
presence
in
aquatic
and
terrestrial
ecosystems.
The
same
assumed
to
be
true
for
nanoplastics
but
data
lacking
due
technical
difficulties
associated
with
sample
analysis.
Here,
we
measured
waterbodies
at
two
contrasting
sites:
remote
Siberian
Arctic
tundra
forest
landscape
southern
Sweden.
Nanoplastics
were
detected
all
sampled
Swedish
lakes
(
n
=
7)
streams
4)
(mean
concentration
563
µ
g
l
−1
)
four
polymer
types
identified
(polyethylene,
polyvinyl
chloride
(PVC),
polypropylene,
polyethylene
terephthalate).
In
Siberia
7/12
lakes,
ponds
surface
flooding,
only
(PVC
polystyrene)
concentrations
lower
51
).
Based
on
back-calculation
of
air
mass
trajectories
particle
dispersion,
infer
arrive
both
sites
by
aerial
deposition
from
local
regional
sources.
Our
results
suggest
may
near-ubiquitous
even
