A Comprehensive Review of Emerging Trends and Innovative Therapies in Epilepsy Management

Brain Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(9), P. 1305 - 1305

Published: Sept. 11, 2023

Epilepsy is a complex neurological disorder affecting millions worldwide, with substantial number of patients facing drug-resistant epilepsy. This comprehensive review explores innovative therapies for epilepsy management, focusing on their principles, clinical evidence, and potential applications. Traditional antiseizure medications (ASMs) form the cornerstone treatment, but limitations necessitate alternative approaches. The delves into cutting-edge such as responsive neurostimulation (RNS), vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), deep brain (DBS), highlighting mechanisms action promising outcomes. Additionally, gene optogenetics in research discussed, revealing groundbreaking findings that shed light seizure mechanisms. Insights cannabidiol (CBD) ketogenic diet adjunctive further broaden spectrum management. Challenges achieving control traditional therapies, including treatment resistance individual variability, are addressed. importance staying updated emerging trends management emphasized, along hope improved therapeutic options. Future directions, combining AI applications, non-invasive optogenetics, hold promise personalized effective treatment. As field advances, collaboration among researchers natural synthetic biochemistry, clinicians from different streams various forms medicine, will drive progress toward better higher quality life individuals living

Language: Английский

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A review of the industrial use and global sustainability of Cannabis sativa

Global Sustainability Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2(4), P. 1 - 29

Published: Oct. 2, 2023

The Cannabis plant (Cannabis sativa L.), also known as hemp, is a sustainable and multipurpose that may be used for wide range of purposes, from the fiber in its stalks to food seeds oil flowers seeds. Since has been recognized an outstanding carbon trap environmentally friendly biofuel supports all three aspects sustainability—the economy, environment, society—it provide solution climate change dilemma. cultivation practiced dietary staple numerous places across globe extended period. However, production prohibited several countries mostly owing relationship with illicit drug consumption. illegality impeded research efforts period time on global scale. As result, people's ability assess whole beneficial effects dangers shrank. trend toward legalization decriminalization accelerated recent years. This stimulated more investigation into botanical, ecological, practical plant. study reviewed available literature understand about plant's sustainability. results demonstrated potential plants affect product sustainability use hemp renewable raw material. Furthermore, this review outlines connections between Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) United Nations. fills gap our understanding highly promising multi-purpose crop future.

Language: Английский

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Possible Role of Cannabis in the Management of Neuroinflammation in Patients with Post-COVID Condition

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(7), P. 3805 - 3805

Published: March 29, 2024

The post-COVID condition (PCC) is a pathology stemming from COVID-19, and studying its pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment crucial. Neuroinflammation causes the most common manifestations of this disease including headaches, fatigue, insomnia, depression, anxiety, among others. Currently, there are no specific management proposals; however, given that inflammatory component involves cytokines free radicals, these conditions must be treated to reduce current symptoms provide neuroprotection risk long-term neurodegenerative disease. It has been shown cannabis compounds with immunomodulatory antioxidant functions in other pathologies. Therefore, exploring approach could viable therapeutic option for PCC, which purpose review. This review involved an exhaustive search specialized databases PubMed, PubChem, ProQuest, EBSCO, Scopus, Science Direct, Web Science, Clinical Trials. Phytocannabinoids, cannabidiol (CBD), cannabigerol (CBG), Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), exhibit significant antioxidative anti-inflammatory properties have effective neuroinflammatory conditions. These promising adjuvants PCC alone or combination antioxidants therapies. presents challenges neurological health, neuroinflammation oxidative stress play central roles pathogenesis. Antioxidant therapy cannabinoid-based approaches represent areas research mitigating adverse effects, but further studies needed.

Language: Английский

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Epigenetic effects of cannabis: A systematic scoping review of behavioral and emotional symptoms associated with cannabis use and exocannabinoid exposure

Drug and Alcohol Dependence, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 263, P. 111401 - 111401

Published: July 27, 2024

Recent research suggests that epigenetic modifications may mediate the behavioral effects of cannabis, influencing exocannabinnoids' long term in cognitive function and its role emergence psychotic symptoms. In this systematic scoping review, we assessed current evidence associated with use cannabis or exocannabinoid administration their relationship emotional We searched PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, Web Science, up to January 2022, using terms "cannabis" "epigenetics." The search yielded 178 articles, which 43 underwent full article revision; 37 articles were included review. gathered observational cross-sectional studies conducted on human subjects experimental designs animal models conveyed disparity dosage, methods assessment targeted mechanisms. Nine performed epigenome-wide analysis identification differentially methylated sites; most these found a global hypomethylation, enrichment genes related cellular survival neurodevelopment. Other methylation at specific exposure was reduced Cg05575921, DNMT1, DRD2, COMT, DLGAP2, Arg1, STAT3, MGMT, PENK, while hypermethylation DNMT3a/b, NCAM1, AKT1. review an exocannabinoid-induced changes modulate depressive-anxious, psychotic, addictive behavioural phenotypes. Further will require dosage exposure/administration uniformization customized pool assess suitability as biomarkers for psychiatric diseases.

Language: Английский

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Cannabis-Based Phytocannabinoids: Overview, Mechanism of Action, Therapeutic Application, Production, and Affecting Environmental Factors

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(20), P. 11258 - 11258

Published: Oct. 19, 2024

This review provides an overview of cannabis-based phytocannabinoids, focusing on their mechanisms action, therapeutic applications, and production processes, along with the environmental factors that affect quality efficacy. Phytocannabinoids such as THC (∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol), CBD (cannabidiol), CBG (cannabigerol), CBN (cannabinol), CBC (cannabichromene) exhibit significant potential in treating various physical mental health conditions, including chronic pain, epilepsy, neurodegenerative diseases, skin disorders, anxiety. The cultivation cannabis plays a crucial role determining cannabinoid profiles, indoor offering more control consistency than outdoor methods. Environmental light, water, temperature, humidity, nutrient management, CO2, drying method used are key to optimizing content inflorescences. outlines need for broader data transfer between industry technological production, especially terms what concentration ratios effective treatment. Such would provide cultivators information parameters should be manipulated obtain required final product.

Language: Английский

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Knowledge mapping for a secure and sustainable hemp industry: A systematic literature review

Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9, P. 100550 - 100550

Published: Nov. 22, 2023

As a versatile and multipurpose plant, hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) possesses immense potential for its application in nutraceuticals, food nutrition, fibre, construction material. However, broader industrial potentials are hindered by the lack of sufficient knowledge on varietal differences, phytochemical properties, fibre processing techniques, bioenergy valorisation whole clinical evidence, standardised quality control mechanisms. In this context, we systematically reviewed 101 reviews 655 research papers to map what already know still need about hemp, across supply chain; from cultivar selection through production end use. We literature based major themes sub-themes. Existing spanned 33 sub-themes which can be classified under five broad themes: production, material, health, futures, education. The 'material' theme (42%) was most researched, followed 'production' (27%) 'health' (19%). At sub-theme level, one-fifth articles covered composite material (n = 139), analysis potency testing 45), hempcrete applications 43), germination plantation techniques 41). More than half selected were published last three years (2020–2022), concentrated mainly North America, Europe, China. Cannabidiol, seed oil considered as quick wins industry (hemp champions). Based our review, have discussed various gaps priorities chain, beginning early detection breed hurd residue address opportunities challenges development products.

Language: Английский

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Cannabidiol Protects against the Reinstatement of Oxycodone-Induced Conditioned Place Preference in Adolescent Male but Not Female Rats: The Role of MOR and CB1R

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(12), P. 6651 - 6651

Published: June 17, 2024

Cannabidiol (CBD), a phytocannabinoid, appeared to satisfy several criteria for safe approach preventing drug-taking behavior, including opioids. However, most successful preclinical and clinical results come from studies in adult males. We examined whether systemic injections of CBD (10 mg/kg, i.p.) during extinction oxycodone (OXY, 3 induced conditioned place preference (CPP) could attenuate the reinstatement CPP brought about by OXY (1.5 priming adolescent rats both sexes, this effect is sex dependent. Accordingly, dose produced previously extinguished males females. In was linked locomotor sensitization that blunted pretreatments. able prevent OXY-induced only outcome associated with an increased cannabinoid 1 receptor (CB1R) decreased mu opioid (MOR) expression prefrontal cortex (PFC). The CCP females MOR expression, but no changes were detected CB1R hippocampus (HIP). Moreover, administration significantly potentialized reduced PFC showed tendency potentiate HIP Additionally, reversed deficits recognition memory These suggest reduce seeking after period abstinence male not female rats. more investigation required.

Language: Английский

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Prolonged incubation with Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol but not with cannabidiol induces synaptic alterations and mitochondrial impairment in immature and mature rat organotypic hippocampal slices

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 183, P. 117797 - 117797

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

Language: Английский

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AVALIAÇÃO DO USO E EFICÁCIA DO CANABIDIOL PARA TRATAMENTO DE TRANSTORNOS DE ANSIEDADE E DEPRESSÃO

RECIMA21 - Revista Científica Multidisciplinar - ISSN 2675-6218, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6(2), P. e626180 - e626180

Published: Feb. 22, 2025

A presente revisão destaca o uso do canabidiol (CBD) como alternativa terapêutica para transtornos de ansiedade e depressão, destacando sua interação com sistema endocanabinoide os receptores 5HT1A, responsáveis pela regulação humor estresse. Materiais Métodos: trata-se uma integrativa literatura artigos publicados entre 2015 2024, utilizando a estratégia PICO definir eficácia CBD em comparação placebo tratamentos convencionais. Resultados Discussão: Foram incluídos 11 estudos que indicaram resultados variados: enquanto alguns demonstraram reduções significativas nos sintomas outros mostraram evidências inconclusivas ou benefícios limitados. Conclusão: Embora tenha se mostrado seguro potencialmente eficaz, especialmente formulações específicas populações selecionadas, necessidade mais robustos é destacada. Conclusivamente, apresentado abordagem emergente, mas ainda carente validação científica abrangente aplicação clínica rotineira.

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Post-reform cannabis use and major depressive episode: A naturalistic investigation

Journal of Contemporary Studies in Epidemiology and Public Health, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6(1), P. ep25001 - ep25001

Published: March 11, 2025

Since cannabis reform, the use of marijuana has surged exponentially. Marijuana is a widely known risk factor for depression, yet safe intake interval not been investigated in relation to depression. This study presents comprehensive analysis depressive episodes at different levels use, as well socio-demographic correlates utilizing national survey on drug and health data collected 2021. The involved nationally representative sample 47,291 adult residents USA. Descriptive inferential statistical tests were conducted analyze prevalence associations. reveals significant among participants, with 51% reporting having used some point their lives. Higher was observed young adults females. Increased likelihood lifetime past-year depression episodes, severe role impairment users compared non-users. However mild seems exhibit certain that next consumption. Around 80% considered both heavy consumption posing great recreational use. These findings highlight importance considering potential risks consumption, particularly outcomes. research contributes valuable insights can inform targeted interventions policies aimed promoting mental well-being.

Language: Английский

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