Japanese encephalitis virus: epidemiology and risk-based surveillance approaches for New Zealand DOI Creative Commons
ROGER S. MORRIS,

P. Bingham

New Zealand Veterinary Journal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 71(6), P. 283 - 294

Published: Aug. 25, 2023

The introduction and subsequent rapid spread of Japanese encephalitis virus genotype IV across all Australian mainland states the Northern Territory since late 2021 has increased risk an incursion this mosquito-transmitted zoonotic disease into New Zealand, with serious implications for both animal human health. potential modes entry are through infected mosquitoes as hitchhikers on ships or aircraft, windborne transfer mosquitoes, arrival reservoir bird species. A competent vector mosquito, Culex quinquefasciatus, is endemic in Zealand other mosquito species may also become involved. If infection becomes established scale transmission be considerably less than occurred Australia because climatic epidemiological factors not so favourable. Early evidence could come from detection clinical horses pigs, cases. Targeted surveillance to confirm refute indications undertaken by antibody a number Dogs have been shown particularly valuable sentinel due their cohabitation people high seroconversion rate. Other novel methods include reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) oronasal secretions pigs. Should detected, prompt action would required vaccinate at-risk populations clarify situation respect mammalian hosts species, including whether new had arrived country.Abbreviations: AHL: Animal Health Laboratory; JE: disease; JEV: virus; RT-PCR: Reverse PCR.

Language: Английский

Japanese Encephalitis Virus: The Emergence of Genotype IV in Australia and Its Potential Endemicity DOI Creative Commons
J. S. Mackenzie, David T. Williams, Andrew F. van den Hurk

et al.

Viruses, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(11), P. 2480 - 2480

Published: Nov. 9, 2022

A fatal case of Japanese encephalitis (JE) occurred in northern Australia early 2021. Sequence studies showed that the virus belonged to genotype IV (GIV), a previously believed be restricted Indonesian archipelago. This was first locally acquired (JEV) GIV occur outside Indonesia, and second confirmed human caused by virus. closely related JEV strain subsequently widespread outbreak eastern 2022 detected fetal death abnormalities commercial piggeries. Forty-two cases also with seven fatalities. has been major mainland Australia, geographically largest virgin soil recorded for JEV. provides an opportunity discuss document factors involved virus’ spread its ecology novel ecological milieu which other flaviviruses, including members JE serological complex, occur. The probable vertebrate hosts mosquito vectors are discussed respect possible endemicity need develop One Health approach improved surveillance methods rapidly detect future activity across large geographical area containing sparse population. Understanding environment is relevant threat may pose receptive geographic areas, such as west coast United States, southern Europe or Africa.

Language: Английский

Citations

64
Japanese Encephalitis Virus: An Update on the Potential Antivirals and Vaccines DOI Creative Commons
Kumar Saurabh Srivastava,

Vandana Jeswani,

Nabanita Pal

et al.

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(4), P. 742 - 742

Published: March 27, 2023

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is the causal agent behind (JE), a potentially severe brain infection that spreads through mosquito bites. JE predominant over Asia-Pacific Region and has potential to spread globally with higher rate of morbidity mortality. Efforts have been made identify select various target molecules essential in JEV’s progression, but until now, no licensed anti-JEV drug available. From prophylactic point view, few vaccines are available, factors, viz., high cost different side effects imposed by them, narrowed their global use. With an average occurrence >67,000 cases annually, there urgent need find suitable antiviral treat patients at acute phase, as presently only supportive care available mitigate infection. This systematic review highlights current status efforts put develop antivirals against vaccines, along effectiveness. It also summarizes epidemiology, structure, pathogenesis, targets can be explored new range drugs combat JEV globally.

Language: Английский

Citations

34
The effect of temperature on dengue virus transmission by Aedes mosquitoes DOI Creative Commons

Zhuanzhuan Liu,

Qingxin Zhang,

Liya Li

et al.

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Sept. 21, 2023

Dengue is prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions. As an arbovirus disease, it mainly transmitted by Aedes aegypti albopictus . According to the previous studies, temperature closely related survival of mosquitoes, proliferation dengue virus (DENV) vector competence transmit DENV. This review describes correlations between epidemics, explores potential reasons including distribution development structure DENV, mosquitoes. In addition, immune metabolic mechanism are discussed on how affects mosquitoes

Language: Английский

Citations

31
Historical and current perspectives on Japanese encephalitis in Sulawesi, Indonesia DOI Creative Commons
Nur Rahma, Harimurti Nuradji, Ni Luh Putu Indi Dharmayanti

et al.

Veterinary World, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 419 - 439

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Japanese encephalitis (JE), a mosquito-borne viral disease, poses significant public health risks in endemic regions, such as Indonesia. Sulawesi, one of the archipelago’s largest islands, presents high potential for JE transmission due to its conducive environmental, economic, and cultural factors. Between 1972 2017, JE-positive samples were detected sporadically various hosts, including humans, pigs, bats, cattle, goats, chickens, mosquitoes (Culex tritaeniorhynchus). This review consolidates historical data provides contemporary perspective on ecology Sulawesi. The island’s extensive rice fields (95% districts) density amplifying hosts – especially which inhabit 65.5% districts highlight critical dynamics. In addition, Sulawesi supports diverse array reservoir bats bird species, enhance JE’s zoonotic potential. Bats, Dobsonia viridis Rousettus celebensis, are particularly notable their roles. Furthermore, at least nine mosquito vector led by C. tritaeniorhynchus, thrive Sulawesi’s wetland ecosystems, risk. Despite high-risk profile, surveillance remains inconsistent, with limited government-led diagnostic programs. Historical recent underscore need systematic investigations into epidemiology, emphasizing molecular serological detection, surveillance, role cycles. Key challenges include awareness, infrastructure, climate change, exacerbate bionomics disease advocates integration tools, interventions, vaccination programs tailored ecological sociocultural context. These measures essential mitigate protect both human animal health. Keywords: encephalitis, vectors, reservoirs.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Structure, Genome Organization, and Replication of Japanese encephalitis virus DOI

Swatantra Kumar,

Shailendra K. Saxena

Medical virology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 41 - 50

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Scoping Review of Japanese Encephalitis Virus Transmission Models DOI Creative Commons
Troy A. Laidlow, Erin Stewart Johnston, Ruth N. Zadoks

et al.

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 2025(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) causes ~100,000 clinical cases and 25,000 deaths annually worldwide, mainly in Southeast Asia the Western Pacific mostly children. JEV is transmitted to humans through bite of mosquitoes that have fed on competent hosts. Abiotic factors, such as seasonal rainfall, influence transmission. Transmission models an important role understanding disease dynamics developing prevention control strategies limit impact infectious diseases. Our goal was investigate how transmission capture infection their predicting controlling infection. This achieved by identifying published models, describing features limitations, guide future modelling. A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews Meta‐Analyses Extension Scoping (PRISMA‐ScR)‐guided scoping review peer‐reviewed conducted. Databases searched included PubMed, ProQuest, Scopus, Web Science Google Scholar. Of 881 full‐text papers available English, 29 were eligible data extraction. Publication year ranged from 1975 2023. The median number host populations represented each model 3 (range: 1–8; usually humans, pigs). Most (72% [ n = 21]) deterministic, using ordinary differential equations describe Ten applied (representing a real setting) validated with field data, while remaining 19 theoretical. In only small proportion countries used. Limitations gaps knowledge local epidemiology, vector attributes strategies, along lack validation data. limitations highlight further research understand epidemiology needed there opportunity develop implement improve at‐risk animals humans.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Female mosquito-a potential vector for transporting plastic residues to humans DOI
Ponnusamy Manogaran Gopinath,

Ankita Shivaji Darekar,

Subramanian Kanimozhi

et al.

Chemosphere, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 301, P. 134666 - 134666

Published: April 19, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

16
Mechanism of Immune Evasion in Mosquito-Borne Diseases DOI Creative Commons

Swagato Bhattacharjee,

Debanjan Ghosh,

R. M. Saha

et al.

Pathogens, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(5), P. 635 - 635

Published: April 23, 2023

In recent decades, mosquito-borne illnesses have emerged as a major health burden in many tropical regions. These diseases, such malaria, dengue fever, chikungunya, yellow Zika virus infection, Rift Valley Japanese encephalitis, and West Nile are transmitted through the bite of infected mosquitoes. pathogens been shown to interfere with host's immune system adaptive innate mechanisms, well human circulatory system. Crucial checkpoints antigen presentation, T cell activation, differentiation, proinflammatory response play vital role host cell's pathogenic infection. Furthermore, these evasions potential stimulate system, resulting other associated non-communicable diseases. This review aims advance our understanding diseases evasion mechanisms by pathogens. Moreover, it highlights adverse outcomes disease.

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Genes, inflammatory response, tolerance, and resistance to virus infections in migratory birds, bats, and rodents DOI Creative Commons
Patrick Douglas Corrêa Pereira, Daniel Guerreiro Diniz, Emanuel Ramos da Costa

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Aug. 29, 2023

Normally, the host immunological response to viral infection is coordinated restore homeostasis and protect individual from possible tissue damage. The two major approaches are adopted by deal with pathogen: resistance or tolerance. nature of responses often differs between species individuals same species. Resistance includes innate adaptive immune control virus replication. Disease tolerance relies on allowing coexistence infections in minimal no clinical signs, while maintaining sufficient replication for transmission. Here, we compared virome bats, rodents migratory birds molecular mechanisms underlying symptomatic asymptomatic disease progression. We also explore influence physiology environmental influences RNA expression how it impacts whole brain transcriptome seemingly healthy semipalmated sandpiper ( Calidris pusilla ) spotted Actitis macularius ). Three time points throughout year were selected understand importance longitudinal surveys characterization virome. finally revisited evidence that upstream downstream regulation inflammatory is, respectively, associated infections.

Language: Английский

Citations

8
A Review of Pathogens Transmitted by the Container-Inhabiting Mosquitoes, Aedes Albopictus, A Global Public Health Threat DOI Creative Commons

Wenrong Zhang,

Jinna Wang,

Qinmei Liu

et al.

Deleted Journal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 5(44), P. 984 - 990

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Dengue virus (DENV), Chikungunya (CHIKV), and Zika (ZIKV) are highly pathogenic human arboviruses transmitted by the Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae) or Ae. Albopictus mosquito. These responsible for causing fever, hemorrhagic conditions, neurological diseases in humans post-bite from an infected Aedes Over past 80 years, albopictus has infested every habitable continent, bar Antarctica, thereby escalating probability of global insect-borne infectious disease outbreaks. This research follows transmission pattern provides a summary prevention control strategies mosquito-borne infections, as implemented World Health Organization (WHO) both Asian European countries. Consequently, this study can aid while acting basis international collaboration on effectively managing arbovirus infection issues public health.

Language: Английский

Citations

8