Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
15(1)
Published: May 10, 2025
Climate
change,
which
causes
long-term
temperature
and
weather
changes,
threatens
natural
ecosystems
cities.
It
has
worldwide
economic
consequences.
change
trends
up
to
2050
are
predicted
using
the
hybrid
model
that
consists
of
Convolutional
Neural
Network-Gated
Recurrent
Unit-Long
Short-Term
Memory
(CNN-GRU-LSTM),
a
unique
deep
learning
architecture.
With
focus
on
Al-Qassim
Region,
Saudi
Arabia,
assesses
temperature,
air
dew
point,
visibility
distance,
atmospheric
sea-level
pressure.
We
used
Synthetic
Minority
Over-sampling
Technique
for
Regression
with
Gaussian
Noise
(SMOGN)
reduce
dataset
imbalance.
The
CNN-GRU-LSTM
was
compared
5
classic
regression
models:
DTR,
RFR,
ETR,
BRR,
K-Nearest
Neighbors.
Five
main
measures
were
evaluate
performance:
MSE,
MAE,
MedAE,
RMSE,
R².
After
Min-Max
normalization,
split
into
training
(70%),
validation
(15%),
testing
(15%)
sets.
paper
shows
beats
standard
methods
in
all
four
climatic
scenarios,
R²
values
99.62%,
99.15%,
99.71%,
99.60%.
Deep
predicts
climate
well
can
guide
environmental
policy
urban
development
decisions.
Results in Engineering,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
22, P. 102215 - 102215
Published: May 4, 2024
The
Narmada
River
basin,
a
significant
water
resource
in
central
India,
plays
crucial
role
supporting
agricultural,
industrial,
and
domestic
supply.
Effective
management
of
this
basin
requires
accurate
streamflow
forecasting,
which
has
become
increasingly
important.
This
study
delves
into
forecasting
using
historical
data
from
five
major
river
stations,
covering
the
upper
reaches
East
middle
sections.
dataset
spans
1978
to
2020
undergoes
rigorous
screening
preparation,
including
normalization
StandardScaler.
research
adopts
comprehensive
approach,
developing
models
for
training
on
70%
data,
validation
most
current
15%,
testing
against
future
targets
with
another
15%
data.
To
achieve
precise
predictions,
suite
machine
learning
is
employed,
CatBoost,
LGBM
(Light
Gradient
Boosting
Machine),
Random
Forest,
XGBoost.
Performance
evaluation
these
relies
key
indices
such
as
mean
squared
error
(MSE),
absolute
(MAE),
root
square
(RMSE),
percent
(RMSPE),
normalized
(NRMSE),
R-squared
(R2).
Notably,
among
models,
Forest
emerges
robust
prediction,
showcasing
its
effectiveness
handling
complexities
hydrological
forecasting.
contributes
significantly
field
by
providing
insights
performance
various
models.
findings
not
only
enhance
our
understanding
watershed
dynamics
but
also
highlight
pivotal
that
can
play
improving
sustainable
management.
Hydrology and earth system sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
28(4), P. 917 - 943
Published: Feb. 27, 2024
Abstract.
Soil
moisture
plays
a
crucial
role
in
the
hydrological
cycle,
but
accurately
predicting
soil
presents
challenges
due
to
nonlinearity
of
water
transport
and
variability
boundary
conditions.
Deep
learning
has
emerged
as
promising
approach
for
simulating
dynamics.
In
this
study,
we
explore
10
different
network
structures
uncover
their
data
utilization
mechanisms
maximize
potential
deep
prediction,
including
three
basic
feature
extractors
seven
diverse
hybrid
structures,
six
which
are
applied
prediction
first
time.
We
compare
predictive
abilities
computational
costs
models
across
textures
depths
systematically.
Furthermore,
exploit
interpretability
gain
insights
into
workings
attempt
advance
our
understanding
For
forecasting,
results
demonstrate
that
temporal
modeling
capability
long
short-term
memory
(LSTM)
is
well
suited.
improved
accuracy
achieved
by
attention
LSTM
(FA-LSTM)
generative-adversarial-network-based
(GAN-LSTM),
along
with
Shapley
(SHAP)
additive
explanations
analysis,
help
us
discover
effectiveness
benefits
adversarial
training
extraction.
These
findings
provide
effective
design
principles.
The
values
also
reveal
varying
leveraging
approaches
among
models.
t-distributed
stochastic
neighbor
embedding
(t-SNE)
visualization
illustrates
differences
encoded
features
summary,
comprehensive
study
provides
highlights
importance
appropriate
model
specific
tasks.
hope
work
serves
reference
studies
other
hydrology
problems.
codes
3
machine
open
source.
Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13(1)
Published: April 29, 2023
In
recent
years,
the
growing
impact
of
climate
change
on
surface
water
bodies
has
made
analysis
and
forecasting
streamflow
rates
essential
for
proper
planning
management
resources.
This
study
proposes
a
novel
ensemble
(or
hybrid)
model,
based
combination
Deep
Learning
algorithm,
Nonlinear
AutoRegressive
network
with
eXogenous
inputs,
two
Machine
algorithms,
Multilayer
Perceptron
Random
Forest,
short-term
forecasting,
considering
precipitation
as
only
exogenous
input
forecast
horizon
up
to
7
days.
A
large
regional
was
performed,
18
watercourses
throughout
United
Kingdom,
characterized
by
different
catchment
areas
flow
regimes.
particular,
predictions
obtained
Learning-Deep
model
were
compared
ones
achieved
simpler
models
an
both
algorithms
algorithm.
The
hybrid
outperformed
models,
values
R2
above
0.9
several
watercourses,
greatest
discrepancies
small
basins,
where
high
non-uniform
rainfall
year
makes
rate
challenging
task.
Furthermore,
been
shown
be
less
affected
reductions
in
performance
increases
leading
reliable
even
7-day
forecasts.
Water,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
16(10), P. 1407 - 1407
Published: May 15, 2024
Artificial
intelligence
has
undergone
rapid
development
in
the
last
thirty
years
and
been
widely
used
fields
of
materials,
new
energy,
medicine,
engineering.
Similarly,
a
growing
area
research
is
use
deep
learning
(DL)
methods
connection
with
hydrological
time
series
to
better
comprehend
expose
changing
rules
these
series.
Consequently,
we
provide
review
latest
advancements
employing
DL
techniques
for
forecasting.
First,
examine
application
convolutional
neural
networks
(CNNs)
recurrent
(RNNs)
forecasting,
along
comparison
between
them.
Second,
made
basic
enhanced
long
short-term
memory
(LSTM)
analyzing
their
improvements,
prediction
accuracies,
computational
costs.
Third,
performance
GRUs,
other
models
including
generative
adversarial
(GANs),
residual
(ResNets),
graph
(GNNs),
estimated
Finally,
this
paper
discusses
benefits
challenges
associated
forecasting
using
techniques,
CNN,
RNN,
LSTM,
GAN,
ResNet,
GNN
models.
Additionally,
it
outlines
key
issues
that
need
be
addressed
future.