Impact of population mixing between vaccinated and unvaccinated subpopulations on infectious disease dynamics: implications for SARS-CoV-2 transmission

Canadian Medical Association Journal, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 194(16), P. E573 - E580

Published: April 24, 2022

The speed of vaccine development has been a singular achievement during the COVID-19 pandemic, although uptake not universal. Vaccine opponents often frame their opposition in terms rights unvaccinated. We sought to explore impact mixing vaccinated and unvaccinated populations on risk SARS-CoV-2 infection among people.We constructed simple susceptible-infectious-recovered compartmental model respiratory infectious disease with 2 connected subpopulations: people who were those simulated spectrum patterns between groups that ranged from random complete like-with-like (complete assortativity), which have contact exclusively others same vaccination status. evaluated dynamics an epidemic within each subgroup population as whole.We found was markedly higher than under all assumptions. contact-adjusted contribution disproportionate, contributing infections at rate would expected based numbers alone. increased, attack rates decreased 15% 10% (and increased 62% 79% people), but derived increased.Although associated avoiding virulent pandemic accrues chiefly are unvaccinated, choices affect viral manner is disproportionate portion population.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: A Systematic review of cognitive determinants

Health Promotion Perspectives, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 21 - 35

Published: April 30, 2023

Background: Although mass vaccination is considered one of the most effective public health strategies during pandemic, in COVID-19 era, many people vaccines unnecessary and, or doubted effectiveness vaccine. This review aimed to tabulate cognitive causes hesitancy, which may help policymakers overcome barriers vaccinations future pandemics. Methods: For this systematic review, studies pertaining vaccine hesitancy published up June 2022 were retrieved from six online databases (Cochrane Library, Google Scholar Medline through PubMed, Scopus, and Web Science). Inclusion criteria conducted on who had a delay accepting refusing vaccines, reported impact determinants written English timeframe 2020–2022. Results: initially reviewed 1171 records. From these 91 articles met inclusion criteria. The hesitation rate was 29.72% average. identified several influencing hesitancy. Lack confidence complacency frequent factors that predicted Conclusion: prevailing for indicated using initiative communication would be determinant factor building people’s trust pandemic vaccinations.

Language: Английский

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Contemporary trends in psychological research on conspiracy beliefs. A systematic review

Frontiers in Psychology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Feb. 8, 2023

The number of psychological studies on conspiracy beliefs has been systematically growing for about a dozen years, but in recent the trend intensified. We provided review covering literature from 2018 to 2021. Halfway through this period, COVID-19 pandemic broke out, accompanied by an explosion movements based theories, intensifying researchers' interest issue.Adhering PRISMA guidelines, searched relevant journal articles published between and A search was done Scopus Web Science (only peer-reviewed journals). study included if it contained primary empirical data, specific or general belief(s) were measured its correlation with at least one other variable reported. All grouped descriptive analysis according methodology used, participants' characteristics, continent origin, sample size, measurement tools. Due substantial methodological heterogeneity studies, narrative synthesis performed. five researchers assigned roles each stage ensure highest quality research.Following proposed methodology, 308 full-text assessed eligibility 274 (417 studies) meeting inclusion criteria identified review. Almost half (49.6%) conducted European countries. vast majority (85.7%) carried out samples adult respondents. research presents antecedents as well (potential) consequences beliefs. into six categories: cognitive (e.g., thinking style) motivational uncertainty avoidance), personality collective narcissism), psychopathology Dark Triad traits), political ideological orientation), sociocultural factors collectivism).The evidence links range attitudes behaviors considered unfavorable point view individuals society large. It turned that different constructs interact other. limitations are discussed last part article.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy worldwide and its associated factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Science in One Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2, P. 100048 - 100048

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has taken a toll on humans, and the development of effective vaccines been promising tool to end pandemic. However, for vaccination program be successful, considerable proportion community must vaccinated. Hence, public acceptance COVID-19 become key controlling Recent studies have shown vaccine hesitancy increasing over time. This systematic review aims evaluate rate related factors in different communities. A comprehensive search was performed Medline (via PubMed), Scopus, Web Science from January 1, 2019 31, 2022. All relevant descriptive observational (cross-sectional longitudinal) were included this review. In meta-analysis, Odds Ratio (OR) used assess effects population characteristics hesitancy, event (acceptance rate) effect measure overall acceptance. Publication bias assessed using funnel plot, Egger's test, trim-and-fill methods. total 135 out 6,417 after screening. meta-analysis 114 studies, including 849,911 participants, showed an 63.1%. addition, men, married individuals, educated people, those with history flu vaccination, higher income levels, comorbidities, people living urban areas less hesitant. Increasing awareness importance overcoming is crucial. Being region, being or educated, having influenza level status, comorbidities are associated

Language: Английский

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Risk-Perception Change Associated with COVID-19 Vaccine’s Side Effects: The Role of Individual Differences

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 19(3), P. 1189 - 1189

Published: Jan. 21, 2022

The COVID-19 vaccine appears to be a crucial requirement fight the pandemic. However, part of population possesses negative attitudes towards vaccine. spread conspiracy theories and contradictory information about pandemic have altered population's perception risk. risk-perception vaccine's side effects may affected by individual differences. complex relationship between differences is relevant when people make decisions based on ambiguous constantly changing information, as in early phases Italian vaccination campaign. present study aimed at measuring effect associated with context characterized ambiguity. An online survey was conducted classify sample pro-vaccine into cognitive/behavioral style groups. Furthermore, changes after inconsistent communications regarding were compared results showed that "analytical" individuals did not change their probability but changed severity effects; "open" "polarized" neither nor effects, showing different kind processing, which could interfere an informed decision-making process.

Language: Английский

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Belief in Conspiracy Theories about COVID-19 Vaccines among Brazilians: A National Cross-Sectional Study

COVID, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4(4), P. 518 - 530

Published: April 17, 2024

Background: Vaccine hesitancy is a complex challenge that demands comprehensive approach, one not only acknowledges legitimate concerns within communities but also actively confronts misinformation. In this context, study aimed to investigate the prevalence of belief in conspiracy theories about COVID-19 vaccines among Brazilians, seeking understand factors associated with behavior. Method: Utilizing national online survey conducted between May and August 2020, sample 4247 participants, we multivariate analysis identify independent determinants adherence, calculating adjusted ratios (APRs) their 95% confidence intervals. Results: It was revealed 27.7% participants believed at least theory. Factors higher level adherence included agreement piece misinformation on social media (APR: 3.65; CI: 3.07–4.34), lack difficulty accessing leisure activities during pandemic 3.11; 1.85–5.24), age 50 years or older 1.70; 1.49–1.94), absence protective measures 1.47; 1.26–1.72), use face masks 1.62; 1.33–1.97), non-use traditional source for information female gender 1.41; 1.25–1.60), 30 49 1.35; 1.19–1.52). Conclusions: Our findings highlight it crucial recognize vaccine merely an isolated phenomenon often rooted interplay social, cultural, psychological, political factors. There need multifaceted strategies combat hesitancy, effectively address theories, consider various prevalence.

Language: Английский

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Conspiracy narratives and vaccine hesitancy: a scoping review of prevalence, impact, and interventions

BMC Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Nov. 29, 2024

Language: Английский

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Psychological Distress in Men during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Brazil: The Role of the Sociodemographic Variables, Uncertainty, and Social Support

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 19(1), P. 350 - 350

Published: Dec. 29, 2021

To analyze the relationships between sociodemographic variables, intolerance to uncertainty (INT), social support, and psychological distress (i.e., indicators of Common Mental Disorders (CMDs) perceived stress (PS)) in Brazilian men during COVID-19 pandemic.A cross-sectional study with national coverage, web survey type, conducted 1006 period circulation restriction imposed by health authorities Brazil for suppression coronavirus control pandemic. Structural equation modeling analysis was performed.Statistically significant direct effects race/skin color (λ = 0.268; p-value < 0.001), socioeconomic status (SES) 0.306; household composition 0.281; PS 0.513; INT 0.421; 0.001) were evidenced occurrence CMDs. Black-skinned higher SES, living alone, levels presented prevalence values CMDs.High factors that strongest associations CMDs among men. It is necessary implement actions reduce stress-generating sources as well promote an increase resilience development intrinsic reinforcements deal uncertain threats.

Language: Английский

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Identity resilience, science mistrust, COVID-19 risk and fear predictors of vaccine positivity and vaccination likelihood: A survey of UK and Portuguese samples

Journal of Health Psychology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(8), P. 747 - 759

Published: March 26, 2023

Based on Identity Process Theory, we hypothesised that two elements of identity resilience (identity worth and continuity) differentially predict variance in COVID-19 fear risk, science mistrust, vaccine positivity, vaccination likelihood. Data from an online survey 643 UK 485 Portuguese adults collected during March 2021 showed the did not differ significantly likelihood or resilience. respondents reported less fear, but higher positivity than Portuguese. continuity differed between countries their effects Science mistrust proved key factors predicting We conclude roles discrete health behaviour require further examination action reducing prevalence specific forms can improve

Language: Английский

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Bivalent second booster dose of the COVID-19 vaccine: Eligible populations’ reasons for receiving in Italy

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(1)

Published: Jan. 2, 2023

The Italian Ministry of Health recommended the administration bivalent second booster dose new available mRNA COVID-19 vaccine for subjects aged 60 y and over, 12 over with high frailty motivated by concomitant/preexisting conditions, health-care workers. purposes this cross-sectional survey were to investigate reasons receiving associated influencing factors among eligible population attending two immunization centers randomly selected in city Naples, Italy. A total 535 participated. Only 17.5% revealed concern about possibility acquiring disease. Those younger, those who had at least one chronic medical condition, a higher perceived seriousness disease more likely be very concerned. Having belief vaccine's safety usefulness significant positive predictors respondents' efficacy dose. most common reported included protection themselves their cohabitants. younger perception preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection receive Health-care organizations professionals can use these findings efforts design educational communication interventions accelerate uptake reducing frequency

Language: Английский

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