A Fate Worse Than Warming? Stratospheric Aerosol Injection and Global Catastrophic Risk DOI Creative Commons
Aaron Tang, Luke Kemp

Frontiers in Climate, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 3

Published: Nov. 19, 2021

Injecting particles into atmosphere to reflect sunlight, stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI), represents a potential technological solution the threat of climate change. But could cure be worse than disease? Understanding low probability, yet plausible, high-impact cases is critical prudent risk management and SAI deliberation. analyses such high impact outcomes are lacking in research. This paper helps resolve this gap by investigating SAI's contributions global catastrophic risk. We split four interrelated dimensions: 1. Acting as direct through potentially unforeseen ecological blowback. 2. Interacting with other globally hazards like nuclear war. 3. Exacerbating systemic (risks that cascade amplify across different systems); 4. latent (risk dormant but can later triggered). The for major environmental consequences seems highly unlikely ultimately unknown. plausibly interacts calamities, most notably exacerbating impacts war or an extreme space weather event. contribute introducing stressors systems agriculture. stressors, risks cascades synchronous failures, understudied. deployment more tightly couples ecological, economic, political systems. creates precarious condition risk, largest cause concern. Thicker masking warming create planetary Sword Damocles. That is, if were removed underlying greenhouse gas concentrations not reduced, there would very short timeframe. Sufficiently large shocks force termination trigger compounding disasters risks. Across all these dimensions, specific deployment, associated governance, critical. A well-coordinated use small amount incur negligible risks, optimistic scenario. Conversely, larger used uncoordinated manner poses many dangers. cannot equivocally determine whether will warming. For now, heavy reliance on imprudent policy response.

Language: Английский

Surveillance strategies for SARS-CoV-2 infections through one health approach DOI Creative Commons

Chien-Yuan Huang,

Shih‐Bin Su, Kow‐Tong Chen

et al.

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(17), P. e37128 - e37128

Published: Aug. 30, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

6
College from home during COVID-19: A mixed-methods study of heterogeneous experiences DOI Creative Commons
Margaret E. Morris, Kevin S. Kuehn, Jennifer Brown

et al.

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 16(6), P. e0251580 - e0251580

Published: June 28, 2021

This mixed-method study examined the experiences of college students during COVID-19 pandemic through surveys, experience sampling data collected over two academic quarters (Spring 2019 n 1 = 253; Spring 2020 2 147), and semi-structured interviews with 27 undergraduate students. There were no marked changes in mean levels depressive symptoms, anxiety, stress, or loneliness between 2020, course term. Students both cohort who indicated psychosocial vulnerability at initial assessment showed worse functioning throughout entire term relative to other However, rates distress increased faster than for these individuals. Across individuals, homogeneity variance tests multi-level models revealed significant heterogeneity, suggesting need examine not just means but variations individuals’ experiences. Thematic analysis characterizes varied experiences, describing contexts students’ challenges strategies. highlights interweaving distress: Challenges such as isolation from peers, lack interactivity instructors, difficulty adjusting family needs had an emotional toll. Strategies this new context included initiating remote hangout sessions well self-learning. In strategies, used technologies different ways purposes they previously. Supporting qualitative insight about adaptive responses quantitative findings that more problem-focused forms coping reported fewer mental health symptoms pandemic, even though perceived their stress severe. These underline interventions oriented towards suggest opportunities peer role modeling.

Language: Английский

Citations

40
Covid-19 and Advertising: The Case for a Paradigm Shift DOI Open Access
Harsha Gangadharbatla

Journal of Current Issues & Research in Advertising, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 42(1), P. 1 - 18

Published: Jan. 2, 2021

While the global coronavirus pandemic might not have caused many of changes we are witnessing in field advertising, it has definitely accelerated rate change areas our society and field. In this article, begin by outlining some significant that Covid-19 accelerated. Using a systems approach to advertising research, examine role environmental changes, such as current pandemic, influencing trajectory scholarship. Then, argue when systems, economic or financial one, experience shocks epic proportions, they present researchers an applied like opportunity problematize question fundamental aspects foundations itself. We conclude making case for paradigm shift research identify numerous opportunities new lines inquiry paradigm.

Language: Английский

Citations

34
Emerging SARS-CoV-2 Variants and Subvariants: Challenges and Opportunities in the Context of COVID-19 Pandemic DOI Creative Commons

Smaranika Rahman,

Md. Jamal Hossain, Zabun Nahar

et al.

Environmental Health Insights, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has become the most devastating of 21st century since its appearance in December 2019. Like other RNA viruses, continuous mutation is common for coronavirus to create several variants and subvariants. main reason behind this evolvement SARS-CoV-2 was structural spike (S) glycoprotein. Coronavirus a threat global public health due high capability antibody neutralizing capacity. According World Health Organization (WHO), there are 5 major concern (VOC) Alpha (B.1.1.7), Beta (B.1.351), Gamma (P.1), Delta (B.1.617.2), Omicron (B.1.1.529). Recently, different subvariants have gained worldwide dominance, such as BA.1, BA.2, BA.3, BA.4, BA.5. However, discernible drop symptomatic sickness globally success numerous monoclonal antibodies vaccinations. Here we also discussed currently dominant effectiveness antiviral agents vaccines. Based on available data our knowledge, can suggest that healthcare organizations decide declaration end phase soon; however, covid-19 will continue.

Language: Английский

Citations

24
A Fate Worse Than Warming? Stratospheric Aerosol Injection and Global Catastrophic Risk DOI Creative Commons
Aaron Tang, Luke Kemp

Frontiers in Climate, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 3

Published: Nov. 19, 2021

Injecting particles into atmosphere to reflect sunlight, stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI), represents a potential technological solution the threat of climate change. But could cure be worse than disease? Understanding low probability, yet plausible, high-impact cases is critical prudent risk management and SAI deliberation. analyses such high impact outcomes are lacking in research. This paper helps resolve this gap by investigating SAI's contributions global catastrophic risk. We split four interrelated dimensions: 1. Acting as direct through potentially unforeseen ecological blowback. 2. Interacting with other globally hazards like nuclear war. 3. Exacerbating systemic (risks that cascade amplify across different systems); 4. latent (risk dormant but can later triggered). The for major environmental consequences seems highly unlikely ultimately unknown. plausibly interacts calamities, most notably exacerbating impacts war or an extreme space weather event. contribute introducing stressors systems agriculture. stressors, risks cascades synchronous failures, understudied. deployment more tightly couples ecological, economic, political systems. creates precarious condition risk, largest cause concern. Thicker masking warming create planetary Sword Damocles. That is, if were removed underlying greenhouse gas concentrations not reduced, there would very short timeframe. Sufficiently large shocks force termination trigger compounding disasters risks. Across all these dimensions, specific deployment, associated governance, critical. A well-coordinated use small amount incur negligible risks, optimistic scenario. Conversely, larger used uncoordinated manner poses many dangers. cannot equivocally determine whether will warming. For now, heavy reliance on imprudent policy response.

Language: Английский

Citations

32