
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Feb. 19, 2025
Abstract The cerebral cortex relies on vastly different types of inhibitory neurons to compute. How this diversity emerges during development remains an open question. rarity individual neuron often leads their underrepresentation in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) datasets, limiting insights into developmental trajectories. To address problem, we developed a computational pipeline enrich and integrate rare cell across multiple datasets. Applying approach somatostatin-expressing (SST+) neurons—the most diverse class the cortex—we constructed Dev-SST-Atlas, comprehensive resource containing mouse transcriptomic data over 51,000 SST+ neurons. We identify three principal groups—Martinotti cells (MCs), non-Martinotti (nMCs), long-range projecting (LRPs)—each following distinct diversification MCs commit early, with embryonic neonatal clusters that map directly adult counterparts. In contrast, nMCs diversify gradually, each cluster giving rise types. LRPs follow unique ‘contracting’ mode. Initially, two are present until postnatal day 5 (P5), but by P7, one type is eliminated through programmed death, leaving single surviving population. This transient LRP also found fetal human cortex, revealing evolutionarily conserved feature cortical development. Together, these findings highlight modes diversification—invariant, expanding, contracting—offering new framework understand how large repertoire
Language: Английский