Buildings,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
12(7), С. 976 - 976
Опубликована: Июль 8, 2022
The
COVID-19
pandemic
of
2020–2022
has
revealed
the
vulnerability
modern
society
to
a
highly
contagious
airborne
virus.
Many
spaces
in
urban
and
built
environment
designed
during
late
twentieth
early
twenty-first
century
are
ill-suited
maintain
level
social
distancing
required
reduce
probability
virus
transmission.
Enclosed
spaces—in
particular,
communal
circulation
such
as
corridors,
elevators
lobbies—have
proven
loci
transmission,
together
with
circulating
reticulated
air
lack
proper
ventilation.
While
planning
needs
incorporate
lessons
learnt
order
future-proof
our
communities
through
provision
well-designed
greenspaces,
main
burden
will
fall
on
architects,
who
play
an
instrumental
role
designing
buildings
that
fit-for
purpose.
This
conceptual
paper
reviews
status
quo
discusses
number
strategies
human
habitation
for
inevitable
next
pandemic.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
19(5), С. 2697 - 2697
Опубликована: Фев. 25, 2022
Wastewater-based
epidemiology
(WBE)
is
emerging
as
a
potential
approach
to
study
the
infection
dynamics
of
SARS-CoV-2
at
community
level.
Periodic
sewage
surveillance
can
act
an
indicative
tool
predict
early
surge
pandemic
within
and
understand
and,
thereby,
facilitates
for
proper
healthcare
management.
In
this
study,
we
performed
long-term
epidemiological
assess
spread
in
domestic
over
one
year
(July
2020
August
2021)
by
adopting
longitudinal
sampling
represent
selected
(~2.5
lakhs
population).
Results
indicated
temporal
viral
load.
A
consistent
amount
load
was
observed
during
months
from
July
November
2020,
suggesting
higher
among
community,
followed
decrease
subsequent
two
(December
January
2021).
marginal
increase
February
2021,
hinting
onset
second
wave
(from
March
that
reached
it
speak
April
2021.
Dynamics
rates
were
calculated
based
on
gene
copies
severity
COVID-19
spread.
With
ability
spread,
WBE
studies
also
offer
prospect
zoning
specific
areas
rates.
Zoning
assists
health
management
plan
manage
effective
way.
promotes
clinical
inspection
with
simultaneous
disease
detection
management,
addition
advance
warning
signal
anticipate
outbreaks,
respect
slated
community/zones,
tackle,
prepare
pandemic.
Journal of Water and Health,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
20(8), С. 1223 - 1242
Опубликована: Июль 18, 2022
Abstract
Since
infected
persons
shed
SARS-CoV-2
in
faeces
before
symptoms
appear,
environmental
surveillance
(ES)
may
serve
as
an
early
warning
system
(EWS)
for
COVID-19
and
new
variants
of
concern.
The
ES
has
been
widely
reviewed;
however,
its
effectiveness
EWS
terms
timeliness,
sensitivity
specificity
not
systematically
assessed.
We
conducted
a
systematic
review
to
identify
synthesise
evidence
on
the
evaluate
added
value
public
health.
Of
1,014
studies
identified,
we
considered
29
qualitative
synthesis
timeliness
COVID-19,
while
six
were
assessed
ability
detect
two
both
aims.
indicates
1–2
weeks.
could
complement
clinical
SARS-CoV-2;
cost–benefit
health
decisions
needs
be
based
stage
pandemic
resources
available.
Studies
focusing
methodological
knowledge
gaps
well
how
use
interpret
signals
actions
are
needed,
is
sharing
within
countries/areas
with
long
experience
such
surveillance.
Frontiers in Public Health,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
11
Опубликована: Июль 20, 2023
Introduction
Wastewater
surveillance
has
proven
to
be
a
valuable
approach
monitoring
the
spread
of
SARS-CoV-2,
virus
that
causes
Coronavirus
disease
2019
(COVID-19).
Recognizing
benefits
wastewater
as
tool
support
public
health
in
tracking
SARS-CoV-2
and
other
respiratory
pathogens,
numerous
sampling
concentration
methods
have
been
tested
for
appropriate
applications
well
their
significance
actionability
by
practices.
Methods
Here,
we
present
34-week
long
study
covers
nearly
4
million
residents
Detroit
(MI,
United
States)
metropolitan
area.
Three
primary
were
compared
with
respect
recovery
from
wastewater:
Virus
Adsorption-Elution
(VIRADEL),
polyethylene
glycol
precipitation
(PEG),
polysulfone
(PES)
filtration.
viral
concentrations
normalized
using
various
parameters
(flow
rate,
population,
total
suspended
solids)
account
variations
flow.
analytical
approaches
implemented
compare
across
three
COVID-19
clinical
data
both
non-normalized
data:
Pearson
Spearman
correlations,
Dynamic
Time
Warping
(DTW),
Lagged
Cross
Correlation
(TLCC)
peak
synchrony.
Results
It
was
found
VIRADEL,
which
captures
free
supernatant
wastewater,
leading
indicator
cases
within
region,
whereas
PEG
PES
filtration,
target
particle-associated
virus,
each
lagged
behind
early
alert
potential
VIRADEL.
may
potentially
capture
previously
shed
accumulated
resuspended
sediments
interceptors.
Discussion
These
results
indicate
VIRADEL
method
can
used
enhance
early-warning
although
drawbacks
include
need
process
large
volumes
concentrate
sufficiently
detection.
While
lagging
early-alert
potential,
filtration
routine
since
they
allow
number
samples
processed
concurrently
while
being
more
cost-effective
rapid
turn-around
yielding
same
day
collection.
Buildings,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
12(7), С. 976 - 976
Опубликована: Июль 8, 2022
The
COVID-19
pandemic
of
2020–2022
has
revealed
the
vulnerability
modern
society
to
a
highly
contagious
airborne
virus.
Many
spaces
in
urban
and
built
environment
designed
during
late
twentieth
early
twenty-first
century
are
ill-suited
maintain
level
social
distancing
required
reduce
probability
virus
transmission.
Enclosed
spaces—in
particular,
communal
circulation
such
as
corridors,
elevators
lobbies—have
proven
loci
transmission,
together
with
circulating
reticulated
air
lack
proper
ventilation.
While
planning
needs
incorporate
lessons
learnt
order
future-proof
our
communities
through
provision
well-designed
greenspaces,
main
burden
will
fall
on
architects,
who
play
an
instrumental
role
designing
buildings
that
fit-for
purpose.
This
conceptual
paper
reviews
status
quo
discusses
number
strategies
human
habitation
for
inevitable
next
pandemic.
