Review on Sampling Methods and Health Impacts of Fine (PM2.5, ≤2.5 µm) and Ultrafine (UFP, PM0.1, ≤0.1 µm) Particles

Atmosphere, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(5), С. 572 - 572

Опубликована: Май 7, 2024

Airborne particulate matter (PM) is of great concern in the modern-day atmosphere owing to its association with a variety health impacts, such as respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Of various size fractions PM, it finer that are most harmful health, particular ultrafine particles (PM0.1; UFPs), an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 100 nm. The smaller fractions, ≤2.5 µm (PM2.5; fine particles) ≤0.1 particles), have been shown numerous linkages negative effects; however, their collection/sampling remains challenging. This review paper employed comprehensive literature methodology; 200 studies were evaluated based on rigor methodologies, including validity experimental designs, data collection methods, statistical analyses. Studies robust methodologies prioritised for inclusion. critically assesses risks associated particles, highlighting vehicular emissions significant source particulate-related effects. While coal combustion, diesel exhaust, household wood combustors’ emissions, Earth’s crust dust also pose risks, evidence suggests exposure particulates from has greatest impact human due widespread distribution contribution air pollution-related article comprehensively examines current sampling technologies, specifically focusing (UFP) ambient facilitate toxicological physiochemical characterisation efforts. discusses diverse approaches collect particulates, along endeavours assess particle concentrations across microenvironments. Following meticulous evaluation techniques, high-volume samplers Chem Vol Model 2400 High Volume Cascade Impactor low-volume like Personal Sampler (PCIS) emerge effective methods. These techniques offer advantages fractionation, efficiency, adaptability different environments, positioning them valuable tools precise quality research environmental monitoring.

Язык: Английский

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The Emerging Role of Autophagy as a Target of Environmental Pollutants: An Update on Mechanisms

Toxics, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(2), С. 135 - 135

Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2023

Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved cellular system crucial for homeostasis that protects cells from a broad range of internal and extracellular stresses. decreases metabolic load toxicity by removing damaged components. Environmental contaminants, particularly industrial substances, can influence autophagic flux enhancing it as protective response, preventing it, or converting its function into pro-cell death mechanism. toxic materials are also notorious their tendency to bioaccumulate induce pathophysiological vulnerability. Many environmental pollutants have been found stress which increases autophagy. Increasing autophagy was recently shown improve resistance reduce genetic damage. Moreover, suppressing depleting resources either toxicity, depending on the circumstances. The essential process selective utilized mammalian in order eliminate particulate matter, nanoparticles, metals, smoke exposure without inflicting damage cytosolic cigarette aging chief causes chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)-emphysema; however, disease’s molecular mechanism poorly known. Therefore, understanding impacts via offers new approaches risk assessment, protection, preventative actions will counter harmful effects contaminants human animal health.

Язык: Английский

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Reproductive and transgenerational toxicity of bisphenol S exposure in pregnant rats: Insights into hormonal imbalance and steroid biosynthesis pathway disruption

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 927, С. 172379 - 172379

Опубликована: Апрель 11, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Neurotoxicity of fine and ultrafine particulate matter: A comprehensive review using a toxicity pathway-oriented adverse outcome pathway framework

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 947, С. 174450 - 174450

Опубликована: Июль 3, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Health consequences of exposure to aircraft contaminated air and fume events: a narrative review and medical protocol for the investigation of exposed aircrew and passengers

Environmental Health, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 22(1)

Опубликована: Май 16, 2023

Thermally degraded engine oil and hydraulic fluid fumes contaminating aircraft cabin air conditioning systems have been well documented since the 1950s. Whilst organophosphates main subject of interest, in supply also contain ultrafine particles, numerous volatile organic hydrocarbons thermally products. We review literature on effects fume events aircrew health. Inhalation these potentially toxic is increasingly recognised to cause acute long-term neurological, respiratory, cardiological other symptoms. Cumulative exposure regular small doses damaging health may be exacerbated by a single higher-level exposure. Assessment complex because limitations considering toxicity individual substances heated mixtures.There need for systematic consistent approach diagnosis treatment persons who exposed cabins. The medical protocol presented this paper has written internationally experts presents consensus recognition, investigation management suffering from inhaling fluids aircraft, includes actions investigations in-flight, immediately post-flight late subsequent follow up.

Язык: Английский

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Prenatal ambient air pollution exposure and child weight trajectories from the 3rd trimester of pregnancy to 2 years of age: a cohort study

BMC Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 21(1)

Опубликована: Сен. 7, 2023

Prenatal air pollution exposure may increase risk for childhood obesity. However, few studies have evaluated in utero growth measures and infant weight trajectories. This study will evaluate the associations of prenatal to ambient pollutants with trajectories from 3rd trimester through age 2 years.

Язык: Английский

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Sustainable surgical masks: optimizing fine/ultrafine particle filtration using PVA/chitosan electrospun nanofibers

Environmental Science Nano, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 10(8), С. 2185 - 2200

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

PVA/chitosan electrospun nanofibers optimized with response surface methodology were used as substitutes for nondegradable polymeric filtering layer of surgical masks. Testing proved the nanofibers' efficacy air filtration ultrafine particles.

Язык: Английский

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Implications of environmental nanoparticles on neurodegeneration

Journal of Neuroscience Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 102(5)

Опубликована: Май 1, 2024

The ubiquity of nanoparticles, sourced from both natural environments and human activities, presents critical challenges for public health. While offering significant potential innovative biomedical applications-especially in enhancing drug transport across the blood-brain barrier-these particles also introduce possible hazards due to inadvertent exposure. This concise review explores paradoxical nature emphasizing their promising applications healthcare juxtaposed with neurotoxic consequences. Through a detailed examination, we delineate pathways through which nanoparticles can reach brain subsequent health implications. There is growing evidence disturbing association between nanoparticle exposure onset neurodegenerative conditions, highlighting imperative comprehensive research strategic interventions. Gaining deep understanding these mechanisms enacting protective policies are crucial steps toward reducing threats thereby maximizing therapeutic advantages.

Язык: Английский

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Development of Cellulose Air Filters for Capturing Fine and Ultrafine Particles through the Valorization of Banana Cultivation Biomass Waste

Environments, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11(3), С. 50 - 50

Опубликована: Март 7, 2024

Outdoor and indoor atmospheric pollution is one of the major problems that humanity continues to face. As a mitigation pathway, numerous technologies have been developed for air purification, including use fibrous filters. In this study, particle capture efficiencies pressure drops filters manufactured with cellulose pulp extracted from banana pseudostems were studied across three size ranges (PM10, PM2.5, PM1). Two pretreatments applied, alkaline soda-antraquinone (alkali-treated pulp) subsequent bleaching process (bleached pulp), four manufacturing processes tested: crushing, freeze-drying, vacuum filtration, pressing. addition, study varying filter grammage (70, 100, 160 g·m−2) pressing pressures (2, 4, 6, 8 t) was also performed. After conducting these tests, bleached pulp, having g·m−2 pressed at 4 t, deemed optimal individual solution. It demonstrated high retention all (with values exceeding 80%), moderate drop below 1000 Pa, thermal stability (degradation above 220 °C). However, combining freeze-drying two-ton yielded improved results (83% smallest particles 89% others) approximately half drop. Based on results, stands as noteworthy contribution waste valorization advancement environmentally friendly materials This achieved through adoption simple cost-effective technology, coupled utilization 100% natural agricultural primary material.

Язык: Английский

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Multifunctional characteristics of biosynthesized CoFe2O4@Ag nanocomposite by photocatalytic, antibacterial and cytotoxic applications

Chemosphere, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 349, С. 140892 - 140892

Опубликована: Дек. 7, 2023

Язык: Английский

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