The global impact of offshore wind farms on ecosystem services

Ocean & Coastal Management, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 249, С. 107023 - 107023

Опубликована: Янв. 21, 2024

Understanding the global impact of offshore wind farms (OWF) on biodiversity and ecosystem services (ES) is crucial in developing sustainable energy transition pathways. This study takes a holistic approach, coupling semi-systematic review with novel analytical methodology, to consider consequences construction & operation OWF deployment ES. 314 pieces evidence taken from 132 peer-reviewed studies provide basis determine ecological ES impacts. The process showed that impacts were predominantly negative across subject groups (52%), compared positive (8%) several species fish (e.g. brill, cod, dab, plaice) some birds common guillemot, northern fulmar, redhead) showing strongly trends. Operational phase more variable could be either (32%) or (34%) depending site specific conditions. More detailed investigations into fish, shellfish, humans air-surface recorded net effect farm operations these groups. Translation outcomes identified 14 are impacted by OWF. most substantially enhanced included effects commercial fisheries experiential recreation. Social acceptance toward new hypothetical was also positive, irrespective country location. Negative ES, including existence values for culturally important groups, e.g., marine mammals spread non-native species, potentially significance. Overall, this finds than 86% possible still unknown. There paucity decommissioning deeper-water floating structures, bias hemisphere developed countries.

Язык: Английский

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System impacts of wind energy developments: Key research challenges and opportunities

Joule, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Unravelling the ecological impacts of large-scale offshore wind farms in the Mediterranean Sea

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 824, С. 153803 - 153803

Опубликована: Фев. 9, 2022

The need for alternative energy systems like offshore wind power to move towards the Green Deal objectives is undeniable. However, it also increasingly clear that biodiversity loss and climate change are interconnected issues must be tackled in unison. In this paper we highlight farms (OWF) Mediterranean Sea (MS) pose serious environmental risks seabed of many areas due particular ecological socioeconomic characteristics vulnerability semi-enclosed sea. MS hosts a high diversity species habitats, which threatened. Furthermore, valuable species, seascapes citizens' health well-being coexist with compounding effects other economic activities (cruises, maritime transport, tourism activities, fisheries aquaculture) busy space on narrower continental shelf than European seas. We argue simply importing OWF models from northern seas, mostly based large scale projects, seas not straightforward. implementing these have yet been well evaluated and, considering Precautionary Principle incorporated into Marine Strategy Framework Directive Maritime Spatial Planning Directive, they should ignored. propose development excluded containing sensitive threatened particularly those situated inside or vicinity Protected Areas seascapes. absence clearer comprehensive EU planning MS, trade-off between benefits (climate goals) (environmental impacts) could unbalanced favor risks.

Язык: Английский

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Uncertainty models for the structural design of floating offshore wind turbines: A review

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 185, С. 113610 - 113610

Опубликована: Авг. 5, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Ecological impacts of the expansion of offshore wind farms on trophic level species of marine food chain

Journal of Environmental Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 139, С. 226 - 244

Опубликована: Май 18, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Socio-economic and environmental impacts of renewable energy deployments: A review

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 207, С. 114956 - 114956

Опубликована: Окт. 4, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Winds of Progress: An In-Depth Exploration of Offshore, Floating, and Onshore Wind Turbines as Cornerstones for Sustainable Energy Generation and Environmental Stewardship

IEEE Access, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12, С. 66147 - 66166

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

This research paper conducts an extensive exploration of onshore, offshore, and floating offshore wind turbines, pivotal components in the landscape sustainable energy generation. The study thoroughly investigates various systems, shedding light on their distinct attributes, advantages, limitations. examination onshore turbines encompasses aspects such as installation procedures, size considerations, dynamics, accessibility challenges, visual impact assessments. Similarly, analysis covers considerations location selection, complexities, variations, conditions, environmental impacts, aesthetics. also delves into emerging technology highlighting unique features, technological advancements. A thorough comparative is conducted to assess economic, environmental, social turbines. concludes by offering insights policy addressing gaps, outlining prospects for seamless integration advancement these diverse systems. comprehensive review aspires contribute existing knowledge base generation, fostering informed decision-making a greener more future.

Язык: Английский

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Climatic Impacts of Wind-Wave-Wake Interactions in Offshore Wind Farms

Frontiers in Energy Research, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 10

Опубликована: Май 5, 2022

Accurate wind resource assessments are necessary for cost effective offshore energy developments. The field depends on the sea state. In coastal areas, where farms usually built today, and waves often not in full balance. addition, modify their surrounding turbulence field, especially downwind. These farm wakes, turn, interact with wave creating a complex dynamical system. To fully capture dynamics such system realistic way, coupled atmosphere-wave modelling equipped parameterization should be applied. However, most conventional assessment relies standalone atmosphere model simulations. We compare wind-wave-wake climate predicted from system, to one model. Using measurement-driven statistical-dynamical downscaling method, we show that about 180 simulation days enough represent wind- wave-climate, as well relation between those two, German Bight. simulate these representative uncoupled perform simulations both without parameterizing existing of July 2020. On climatic average, resources derived reduced by 1% 100 m over compared area further reduced. While reduction is relatively small, speed differences systems differ more than ±20% 10-min time-scale. turbulent kinetic higher, which contributes efficient wake dissipation average thus slightly smaller wake-affected areas Neighbouring reduce up 10%. wakes significant height 3.5%. study shows potential atmosphere-wave-wake physical environmental impact studies.

Язык: Английский

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Floating wind turbines: marine operations challenges and opportunities

Wind energy science, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 7(2), С. 903 - 924

Опубликована: Апрель 19, 2022

Abstract. The global floating offshore wind energy industry is rapidly maturing, with several technologies having been installed at pilot and demonstration scales. As the progresses to full array-scale deployments, optimization of marine activities related installation, operation maintenance, decommissioning presents a significant opportunity for cost reduction. This paper reviews various operations challenges towards commercialization in context spar-type, semi-submersible tension leg platform (TLP) technologies. Knowledge gaps research trends are identified along review innovations stages development, which intended widen weather windows, reduce installation costs, improve health safety floating-wind-related operations.

Язык: Английский

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Minimizing habitat conflicts in meeting net-zero energy targets in the western United States

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 120(4)

Опубликована: Янв. 19, 2023

The scale and pace of energy infrastructure development required to achieve net-zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are unprecedented, yet our understanding how minimize its potential impacts on land ocean use natural resources is inadequate. Using high-resolution land-use modeling, we developed spatially explicit scenarios for reaching an economy-wide GHG target in the western United States by 2050. We found that among policy cases vary rate transportation building electrification fossil fuels, nuclear generation, biomass, "High Electrification" case, which utilizes electricity generation most efficiently, had lowest total area requirements (84,000 105,000 km2 vs. 88,100 158,000 across all other cases). Different levels protections were applied determine their effect siting, environmental social impacts, costs. Meeting with stronger did not significantly alter share different technologies only increased system costs 3%, but decreased additional interstate transmission capacity 20%. Yet, failure avoid areas high conservation value likely result substantial habitat loss.

Язык: Английский

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