Processes,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
13(1), С. 51 - 51
Опубликована: Дек. 29, 2024
Microalgae
biotechnology
has
taken
the
world
by
storm.
However,
despite
its
great
potential
promise,
it
still
cannot
be
considered
a
fully
consolidated
technology
due
to
crucial
challenge:
low
rates
of
biomass
productivity.
To
overcome
this
hurdle,
photobioreactors
have
been
developed
as
an
innovative
solution,
promising
increase
efficiency
microalgae
cultures
providing
optimized
conditions.
results
obtained
with
these
systems
do
not
always
meet
initial
expectations,
and
their
large-scale
implementation
faces
complex
technical
challenges.
In
light
this,
present
review
addresses
main
aspects
related
design
engineering
photobioreactors,
highlighting
potentialities
limitations
in
overcoming
critical
challenges
microalgal
biotechnology.
Furthermore,
we
discuss
current
technological
readiness
level
commercial
index
microalgae-based
bioproducts
from
perspective
industrial-scale
production.
Catalysts,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15(3), С. 273 - 273
Опубликована: Март 13, 2025
The
increasing
concentration
of
carbon
dioxide
(CO2)
in
the
atmosphere
is
a
significant
contributor
to
global
warming
and
climate
change.
Effective
CO2
capture
storage
technologies
are
critical
mitigating
these
impacts.
This
review
explores
various
materials
used
for
capture,
focusing
on
latest
advancements
their
applications.
categorizes
into
chemical
physical
absorbents,
highlighting
unique
properties,
advantages,
limitations.
Chemical
such
as
amine-based
solutions
hydroxides,
have
been
widely
due
high
absorption
capacities
established
technological
frameworks.
However,
they
often
suffer
from
energy
requirements
regeneration
potential
degradation
over
time.
Recent
developments
ionic
liquids
(ILs)
polymeric
(PILs)
offer
promising
alternatives,
providing
tunable
properties
lower
energy.
Physical
including
advanced
solvents
like
nanofluids
well
industrial
processes
selexol,
rectisol,
purisol,
demonstrate
enhanced
efficiency
under
conditions.
Additionally,
adsorbents
activated
carbon,
zeolites,
metal-organic
frameworks
(MOFs),
nanotubes
(CNTs),
layered
double
hydroxides
(LDHs)
play
crucial
role
by
surface
areas
selective
through
or
interactions.
paper
summarizes
state
research
different
discusses
advantages
limitations
while
being
technologies.
also
discussed
multiple
studies
examining
use
catalysts
mechanisms
combination
with
sorbents,
how
approaches
enhance
desorption
processes.
Through
comprehensive
analysis,
this
aims
provide
valuable
insights
type
that
most
suitable
provides
directions
future
area.
Abstract
The
state
of
Liberia
in
Africa
faces
profound
energy
challenges
including
limited
electricity
access
and
heavy
dependence
on
traditional
biomass
imported
fossil
fuels
with
high
emissions.
Traditional
comprise
over
80%
Liberia’s
consumption.
Around
half
the
power
production
is
based
fuels.
Various
carbon
capture
utilization
storage
(CCUS)
technologies
would
therefore
be
relevant.
This
study
analyzed
potential
role
CCUS
its
relation
to
climate
policies
Liberia.
By
synthesizing
different
perspectives,
this
provides
guidelines
for
further
development
Africa.
The
increase
in
atmospheric
CO2
caused
by
human
activities
has
driven
the
development
of
technologies
to
capture
this
gas
before
it
reaches
atmosphere.
This
study
analyzed
sorption
using
amine-based
solvents,
such
as
methyldiethanolamine
(MDEA),
diethylenetriamine
(DETA),
triethanolamine
(TEA),
and
monoethanolamine
(MEA)
40
wt.%
aqueous
solutions,
under
high-pressure
conditions
(initial
pressure:
500
psia)
room
temperature
(30
°C),
both
non-stirred
stirred
systems.
Piperazine
(PZ),
a
heterocyclic
compound,
was
tested
an
additive
improve
kinetics
process.
Kinetic
thermodynamic
analyses
were
conducted
evaluate
efficiency
each
solution
terms
reaction
rate
loading
capacity.
MEA
TEA
exhibited
higher
rates,
while
DETA
MDEA
most
thermodynamically
efficient
due
highest
PZ
kinetic
behavior
depended
on
equipment
used;
system,
no
effect
observed,
appreciable.
Additionally,
corrosivity
revealed
that
MEA,
primary
amine,
corrosive,
whereas
TEA,
tertiary
least
corrosive.
Processes,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
13(5), С. 1455 - 1455
Опубликована: Май 9, 2025
In
an
integrated
gasification
combined
cycle
(IGCC),
a
process
produces
gas
stream
from
solid
fuel,
such
as
coal
or
biomass.
This
(syngas
synthesis
gas)
resulting
the
contains
carbon
monoxide,
molecular
hydrogen,
and
dioxide
(other
gaseous
components
may
also
be
present
depending
on
gasified
fuel
gasifying
agent).
Separating
hydrogen
this
syngas
has
advantages.
One
of
methods
to
separate
is
selective
permeation
through
palladium-based
metal
membrane.
separation
complicated
it
depends
nonlinearly
various
variables.
Thus,
desirable
develop
simplified
reduced-order
model
(ROM)
that
can
rapidly
estimate
performance
under
operational
conditions,
preliminary
stage
computer-aided
engineering
(CAE)
in
chemical
processes
sustainable
industrial
operations.
To
fill
gap,
we
here
proposed
procedure
for
one-dimensional
steady
plug-flow
reactor
(PFR)
use
investigate
membrane
(MR),
produced
(IGCC).
model,
(a
feed
stream)
enters
one
side
into
retentate
zone,
while
nitrogen
sweep
opposite
neighbor
permeate
zone.
The
two
zones
are
separated
by
permeable
palladium
surfaces
selectively
hydrogen.
After
analyzing
profile
base
case
(300
°C
uniform
temperature,
40
atm
absolute
pressure,
20
pressure),
temperature
module,
retentate-side
permeate-side
pressure
varied
individually
their
influence
investigated.
all
simulation
cases,
fixed
targets
95%
recovery
40%
mole-fraction
at
exit
demanded.
module
length
allowed
change
order
satisfy
these
targets.
Other
dependent
permeation-performance
variables
investigated
include
logarithmic
mean
pressure-square-root
difference,
apparent
permeance,
efficiency
factor
permeation.
contributions
our
study
linked
fields
applications,
production,
gasification,
analytical
modeling,
numerical
analysis.
addition
separation,
linear
nonlinear
regression
models
derived
obtained
results.
work
gives
general
insights
via
membranes
(MR).
For
example,
most
effective
improve
performance.
Increasing
value
120
results
proportional
gain
permeated
mass
flux,
with
about
0.05
kg/m2.h
gained
per
1
increase
decreasing
bar
0.2
causes
flux
exponentially
1.15
kg/m2.h.
5.11
United
Nations
Sustainable
Development
Goal
(SDG)
numbers
7,
9,
11,
13.
