Recent advances in extracellular vesicles for therapeutic cargo delivery

Experimental & Molecular Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 56(4), С. 836 - 849

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2024

Abstract Exosomes, which are nanosized vesicles secreted by cells, attracting increasing interest in the field of biomedical research due to their unique properties, including biocompatibility, cargo loading capacity, and deep tissue penetration. They serve as natural signaling agents intercellular communication, inherent ability carry proteins, lipids, nucleic acids endows them with remarkable therapeutic potential. Thus, exosomes can be exploited for diverse applications, chemotherapy, gene therapy, photothermal therapy. Moreover, capacity homotypic targeting self-recognition provides opportunities personalized medicine. Despite advantages novel agents, there several challenges optimizing efficiency structural stability defining exosome origins. Future should include development large-scale, quality-controllable production methods, refinement drug strategies, extensive vivo studies clinical trials. unresolved difficulties, use efficient, stable, safe delivery systems is an interesting area research. Therefore, this review describes summarizes cutting-edge published high-impact journals that have introduced or enhanced effects using a system past 2 years. We provide informative overview current state research, highlighting properties applications exosomes. also emphasize future directions, underscoring importance addressing key issues field. With review, we encourage researchers further develop exosome-based drugs application, such may among most promising next-generation therapeutics.

Язык: Английский

---

Immunogenicity of Extracellular Vesicles

Advanced Materials, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 36(33)

Опубликована: Июнь 27, 2024

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are promising next-generation therapeutics and drug delivery systems due to demonstrated safety efficacy in preclinical models early-stage clinical trials. There is an urgent need address the immunogenicity of EVs (beyond apparent lack immunotoxicity) advance development. To date, few studies have assessed unintended immunological recognition EVs. An in-depth understanding EV-induced clearance necessary develop effective therapeutic strategies, including approaches mitigate when undesired. This article summarizes various factors involved potential strategies reduce for improved benefit.

Язык: Английский

---

The potential application of encapsulated exosomes: A new approach to increase exosomes therapeutic efficacy

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 162, С. 114615 - 114615

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2023

Cell therapy is one of the methods that have shown promising results in treating diseases recent decades. However, use different types cells comes with limitations. The application immune cell can lead to cytokine storms and inappropriate responses self-antigens. Also, stem has potential create tumors. may not migrate injury site after intravenous injection. Therefore, using exosomes from as therapeutic candidates were proposed. Due their small size favorable characteristics, such biocompatibility immunocompatibility, easy storage isolation, attracted much attention. They are used many diseases, including cardiovascular orthopedic autoimmune cancer. various studies efficiency (Exo) be increased by loading drugs microRNAs inside them (encapsulated exosomes). analyzing investigating encapsulated exosomes' ability critical. In this study, we examined related cancer infectious regenerative medicine. Compared intact exosomes, show a higher ability. Therefore it suggested method depending on treatment type increase treatment's efficiency.

Язык: Английский

---

Endothelium‐Derived Engineered Extracellular Vesicles Protect the Pulmonary Endothelial Barrier in Acute Lung Injury

Advanced Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(6)

Опубликована: Дек. 7, 2023

Abstract Acute lung injury (ALI) is a severe respiratory disease with high mortality rate. The integrity of the pulmonary endothelial barrier influences development and prognosis ALI. Therefore, it has become an important target for ALI treatment. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are promising nanotherapeutic agents against Herein, endothelium‐derived engineered extracellular (eEVs) that deliver microRNA‐125b‐5p (miRNA‐125b) to tissues exerting protective effect on reported. eEVs modified microvascular cell‐targeting peptides (LET) exhibit prolonged retention time in targeted cells vivo vitro. To improve efficacy EVs, miRNA‐125b loaded into EVs. Finally, LET‐EVs‐miRNA‐125b constructed. results show compared miRNA‐125b, EVs‐miRNA‐125b, most significant treatment Moreover, found have by inhibiting cell apoptosis, promoting angiogenesis, protecting intercellular junctions. Sequencing analysis reveals downregulates early growth response‐1 (EGR1) levels, which may be potential mechanism action. Taken together, these findings suggest can treat integrity.

Язык: Английский

---

Advances in Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Treatment of ARDS

Diagnostics, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13(21), С. 3296 - 3296

Опубликована: Окт. 24, 2023

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common and fatal disease, characterized by lung inflammation, edema, poor oxygenation, the need for mechanical ventilation, or even extracorporeal membrane oxygenation if patient unresponsive to routine treatment. In this review, we aim explore advances in biomarkers diagnosis treatment of ARDS. viewing distinct characteristics each biomarker, classified into following six categories: inflammatory, alveolar epithelial injury, endothelial coagulation/fibrinolysis, extracellular matrix turnover, oxidative stress biomarkers. addition, discussed potential role machine learning identifying utilizing these reviewed its clinical application. Despite tremendous progress biomarker research, there remain nonnegligible gaps between discovery utility. The challenges future directions ARDS research concern investigators as well clinicians, underscoring essentiality continued investigation improve

Язык: Английский

---

Pro-Inflammatory Characteristics of Extracellular Vesicles in the Vitreous of Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(9), С. 2053 - 2053

Опубликована: Сен. 10, 2024

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of blindness, yet its molecular mechanisms are unclear. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) contribute to dysfunction in DR, but the characteristics and functions vitreous EVs This study investigated inflammatory properties type 2 diabetic (db) EVs. isolated from db non-db donors were used for nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), immunogold staining, Western blotting, proteomic by mass spectrometry. Intracellular uptake differentiated macrophages was evaluated using ExoGlow membrane labeling, impact on macrophage (THP-1) activation assessed cytokine levels RT-qPCR. NTA TEM showed non-aggregated with heterogeneous size range below 200 nm. blot detected EV markers (Alix, Annexin V, HSP70, Flotillin 1) an upregulation Cldn5 While incorporated into macrophages, treatment THP-1 cells significantly increased mRNA TNFα IL-1β compared Proteomic gene enrichment indicated pro-inflammatory Our results suggest potential involvement EC-derived Cldn5+ triggering inflammation, offering novel mechanism involved presenting possible therapeutic avenue DR.

Язык: Английский

---

Bidirectional modulation of extracellular vesicle-autophagy axis in acute lung injury: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 180, С. 117566 - 117566

Опубликована: Окт. 17, 2024

Язык: Английский

---

Native and Engineered Extracellular Vesicles for the Treatment of Acute Lung Injury and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Small Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 26, 2025

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer nanoparticles naturally released from cells, playing a crucial role in intercellular communication. They modulate gene expression and regulate physiological pathological processes, including acute lung injury (ALI) respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Research has shown that EVs contain variety of active components, biocompatible small size, do not trigger immune rejection, making the infusion exogenous promising therapeutic tool. With further research, engineering strategies have been proposed to enhance clinical potential EVs. These involve modifying either donor cells secrete or themselves can be engineered circumvent limitations native In this review, an overview biological properties is provided current treating ALI/ARDS, along with latest research findings, summarized. The challenges opportunities for translation as novel tool also discussed, offering new insights into treatment ALI/ARDS using EV technology.

Язык: Английский

---

Recombinant Antithrombin Alleviated Pulmonary Injury and Inflammation in LPS-Induced ARDS by Inhibiting IL17a/NF-κB Signaling

ImmunoTargets and Therapy, Год журнала: 2025, Номер Volume 14, С. 433 - 449

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Recombinant antithrombin (rAT) has been shown to protect lungs from ARDS and modulate immune responses, but its anti-inflammatory mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed explore the immunomodulatory effects of rAT in LPS-induced mice. mouse model was established by intraperitoneally administration 20 mg/kg LPS. After 3 hours LPS administration, or PBS injected intravenously. Lung injury, alveolar permeability, serum inflammatory cytokines, cell infiltration lung tissue, proportion Th17 were assessed 36 after administration. The functional roles differential expressed genes (DEGs), obtained mice treated with without rAT, analyzed GO, KEGG GSEA enrichment analysis. activation NF-κB NLRP3 inflammasome evaluated Western blot immunofluorescence staining. We found that alleviated reduced pulmonary decreased suppressed activation. Moreover, cells tissues peripheral blood, downregulated IL17a expression, inhibited signaling pathway tissues. Additionally, IL-17A diminished efficacy mitigating suppressing response, inhibiting findings this suggest alleviates injury suppresses responses IL17a/NF-κB axis, suggesting may serve as a potential therapeutic agent for inflammation improving prognosis induced sepsis. Furthermore, provides important research data theoretical basis clinical translation application rAT.

Язык: Английский

---

The multi-herbal decoction SH003 alleviates LPS-induced acute lung injury by targeting inflammasome and extracellular traps in neutrophils

Phytomedicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 133, С. 155926 - 155926

Опубликована: Июль 30, 2024

Язык: Английский

---