Processes,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
13(5), С. 1349 - 1349
Опубликована: Апрель 28, 2025
Hydrogen
(H2)
liquefaction
is
an
energy-intensive
process,
and
improving
its
efficiency
critical
for
large-scale
deployment
in
H2
infrastructure.
Industrial
waste
heat
recovery
contributes
to
energy
savings
environmental
improvements
liquid
processes.
This
study
proposes
a
comparative
framework
industrial
systems
by
examining
three
cycles,
including
ammonia–water
absorption
refrigeration
(ABR)
unit,
diffusion
(DAR)
combined
organic
Rankine/Kalina
plant.
All
scenarios
incorporate
2
MW
of
improve
precooling
reduce
the
external
power
demand.
The
simulations
were
conducted
using
Aspen
HYSYS
(V10)
combination
with
m-file
code
MATLAB
(R2022b)
programming
model
each
configuration
under
consistent
operating
conditions.
Detailed
exergy
analyses
are
performed
assess
performance.
Among
scenarios,
ORC/Kalina-based
system
achieves
lowest
specific
consumption
(4.306
kWh/kg
LH2)
highest
unit
(70.84%),
making
it
most
energy-efficient
solution.
Although
DAR-based
shows
slightly
lower
performance,
ABR-based
52.47%,
despite
reduced
efficiency.
By
comparing
innovative
configurations
same
input,
this
work
provides
valuable
tool
selecting
suitable
design
based
on
either
performance
or
thermodynamic
proposed
methodology
can
serve
as
foundation
future
optimization
scale-up.
ACS Omega,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
10(4), С. 3585 - 3597
Опубликована: Янв. 21, 2025
Torrefaction
is
a
thermochemical
pretreatment
that
enhances
biomass
properties,
improving
energy
density,
decomposition
resistance,
and
hydrophobicity,
making
it
viable
alternative
as
biofuel.
This
study
performed
thermodynamic
assessment
of
the
torrefaction
process
for
urban
forest
waste,
integrating
experimental
data
with
two-step
reaction
kinetic
modeling
to
evaluate
product
yields
properties
using
Aspen
Plus
software.
The
was
modeled
yield
reactor,
employing
Peng–Robinson
equation
describe
vapor-phase
behavior
empirical
correlations
predict
solid-phase
properties.
Simulations
were
validated
against
temperatures
between
225
275
°C,
achieving
an
absolute
deviation
less
than
5%.
Energy
consumption
ranged
from
368
kJ·h–1
light
1853
severe
torrefaction.
Process
irreversibility
varied
326
(3%
exergy
destruction)
in
3993
(16%
research
provides
robust
model
scale-up
adaptable
diverse
feedstocks
conditions,
highlighting
its
potential
optimizing
use
sustainability
utilization.
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
63(33), С. 14668 - 14699
Опубликована: Авг. 9, 2024
Hydrogen
(H2)
liquefaction
is
one
of
the
most
promising
approaches
for
storing
and
transporting
clean
energy
on
a
large
scale
long
periods.
However,
this
strategy
faces
challenges
high
consumption,
relatively
low
exergy
efficiency,
substantial
economic
costs,
boil-off
gas
losses,
limited
knowledge
its
environmental
perspectives.
A
robust
systematic
framework
introduced
by
integrating
thermodynamic,
machine
learning
(ML),
multiobjective
optimization
(MOO)
to
optimize
operational
variables
H2
process.
The
process
includes
mixed
refrigerant
precooling
unit
Joule-Brayton
cryogenic
cascade
cycle.
combination
pinch
analysis
approach
enumerative
algorithms
used
in
initial
phase
as
nonlinear
method
determine
systems.
efficiency
destruction
cycles
are
calculated
49%
5073
kW
produce
50
tons/day
liquid
H2.
Based
life
cycle
assessment
analysis,
global
warming
levelized
cost
1
kg
at
124
kgCO2eq
4.833
US$,
respectively.
sensitivity
ML,
MOO
(particle
swarm,
genetic
algorithm,
gray
wolf
techniques)
final
Pareto
frontier.
multicriteria
decision
techniques
identify
optimal
operating
conditions
considering
economic,
aspects.
uncertainty
levels
objective
functions
based
different
parameters
studied
quantification
using
Monte
Carlo.
Energies,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
18(6), С. 1443 - 1443
Опубликована: Март 14, 2025
Recent
research
in
the
liquefied
natural
gas
(LNG)
industry
has
concentrated
on
reducing
specific
power
consumption
(SPC)
during
production,
which
helps
to
lower
operating
costs
and
decrease
carbon
footprint.
Although
SPC
offers
benefits,
it
can
complicate
system
increase
investment
costs.
This
review
investigates
thermodynamic
parameters
of
various
(NG)
liquefaction
technologies.
It
examines
cryogenic
NG
processes,
including
integrating
liquid
recovery
plants,
nitrogen
rejection
cycles,
helium
units,
LNG
facilities.
explores
approaches
improve
hybrid
performance,
application
optimization
algorithms,
mixed
refrigerant
absorption
refrigeration
diffusion–absorption
systems,
auto-cascade
thermoelectric
generator
air
cold
ejector
integration
renewable
energy
sources
waste
heat.
The
evaluates
economic
aspects
focusing
capital
costs,
pricing,
capacity.
cost
estimates
from
academic
(173.2–1184
USD/TPA)
are
than
those
technical
reports
(486.7–3839
USD/TPA).
prices
studies
(0.2–0.45
USD/kg,
2024)
(0.3–0.7
USD/kg),
based
2024
data.
Also,
this
accidents
detail
provides
valuable
insights
into
safety
protocols,
risk
management
strategies,
overall
resilience
operations
face
potential
hazards.
A
detailed
evaluation
plants
built
recent
years
is
provided,
technological
advancements,
operational
efficiency,
measures.
Moreover,
study
ports
United
States,
examining
their
infrastructures,
regulatory
compliance,
strategic
role
global
supply
chain.
In
addition,
outlines
LNG’s
current
status
future
outlook,
key
trends.
Finally,
presents
a
market
share
analysis
that
distribution
by
export,
import,
re-loading,
receiving
markets.
