Beyond ungulate density: Prey switching and selection by the wolf in a recolonised area
Global Ecology and Conservation,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
54, С. e03069 - e03069
Опубликована: Июль 2, 2024
The
analysis
of
mechanisms
underlying
prey
use
and
selection
is
crucial
for
understanding
the
potential
apex
predators
to
shape
ecological
processes
across
trophic
levels.
Significant
implications
conservation
management
ecosystems
can
ensue,
especially
in
human-modified
landscapes
characterised
by
recent
recovery
predators,
such
as
those
Europe.
Generalist
may
show
frequency-dependent
selection,
leading
switching;
however,
there
no
ubiquitous
support
positive
relationships
between
abundance
selection.
In
a
protected
area
recently
recolonised
wolf
Canis
lupus
hosting
abundant
wild
(>20
individuals/km2),
we
assessed
(>3000
scats
analysed)
throughout
7
years
since
settlement
(April
2016-to-March
2023),
during
which
density
was
relatively
stable.
Wolf
diet
dominated
boar
Sus
scrofa
fallow
deer
Dama
dama
(>70
%
occurrences
volume);
roe
Capreolus
capreolus
coypu
Myocastor
coypus
represented
main
secondary
prey.
showed
clear
switching
study.
first
two
years,
positively
selected.
Then,
replaced
prey,
selected,
with
progressive
decrease
years.
Selection
indices
were
negatively
associated
deer.
relationship
population
inconsistent
species,
being
negative
weakly
deer,
although
latter
sharp
decline
area.
Concurrent
studies
increased
diurnal
activity
consequent
reduced
temporal
overlap
this
predator,
suggesting
avoidance.
By
supporting
minor
role
mediating
switching,
our
results
suggest
major
other
factors
(e.g.,
antipredator
behavioural
responses).
Alternative
substantial
are
important
buffer
not
only
towards
changes
but
also
effects
potentially
reducing
detectability,
e.g.,
behaviour.
Язык: Английский
Spatio-temporal patterns and Turing–Hopf bifurcation in a spatially extended prey–predator model with ratio-dependent interactions
Modeling Earth Systems and Environment,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
11(3)
Опубликована: Апрель 16, 2025
Язык: Английский
Night‐time symphony: lunar effects on the activity patterns of the wolf and its prey in a Mediterranean protected area
Journal of Zoology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Июнь 2, 2025
Abstract
Environmental
drivers
can
influence
animal
behaviour,
affecting
movement
patterns
and
spatial
dynamics
with
a
cascading
effect.
Furthermore,
most
species
adapt
their
behaviour
to
ecological
factors,
such
as
predation
risk.
In
human‐dominated
landscapes,
medium‐to‐large
terrestrial
mammals
are
crepuscular
or
nocturnal,
limiting
opportunities
for
other
temporal
changes.
However,
the
role
of
nocturnal
illumination
lunar
cycle
in
these
spatiotemporal
remains
understudied.
We
used
camera
trapping
data,
kernel
density
estimation,
generalized
additive
models
analyse
effects
moonlight
on
activity
wolves
Canis
lupus
ungulate
prey
Mediterranean
area,
accounting
cloudiness
habitat.
Our
results
give
no
support
avoidance
by
prey,
were
spatially
synchronized
them.
Additionally,
we
found
evidence
changes
modulated
moon
brightness.
Instead,
identified
more
refined
mechanisms
driving
relationships
between
prey.
Specifically,
seemed
exploit
darker
nights
areas
frequently
main
(i.e.
wild
boar
Sus
scrofa
fallow
deer
Dama
dama
).
Wild
active
during
brightest
sites
predator,
whereas
an
intermediate
way
wolf
middle
light
intensity.
Roe
Capreolus
capreolus
slightly
concealed
sites.
These
outcomes
suggest
that
reflect
trade‐off
species‐specific
physiological
features
(e.g.
poor
visual
acuity
boars),
need
foraging,
availability,
vigilance,
risk,
human
disturbances,
ambient
levels.
contribute
shed
underexplored
predator
activities
relationships,
particularly
ecosystems
experiencing
return
apex
predators.
Язык: Английский
Spatiotemporal plasticity of prey selection in the wolf
Journal of Zoology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
324(2), С. 118 - 127
Опубликована: Авг. 12, 2024
Abstract
Under
an
optimal
foraging
scenario,
prey
selection
would
be
expected
to
occur
when
food
resources
are
abundant.
A
positive
frequency‐dependent
elicit
switching
the
abundance
of
main
decreases,
potentially
favouring
community
resilience
effects
intensive,
selective
predation
on
a
single
prey.
We
assessed
whether
by
wolf
Canis
lupus
occurred
in
two
areas
hosting
abundant
populations
wild
ungulates,
one
northern
(Słowiński
National
Park,
Poland)
and
other
southern
(Maremma
Regional
Italy)
Europe,
throughout
cold
semester.
In
Słowiński,
ungulate
was
dominated
red
deer
Cervus
elaphus
(57%
availability)
over
boar
Sus
scrofa
(35%)
roe
Capreolus
capreolus
(8%);
fallow
Dama
dama
(43–37%)
were
more
than
(20%)
Maremma.
both
areas,
diet
with
major
use
Słowiński
Prey
it
addressed
towards
most
that
is,
deer,
but
only
Maremma,
where
used
according
availability.
Slowinski,
high
density
may
have
driven
selection,
while
shifting
activity
rhythms
Maremma
as
antipredator
response
presence
reduced
predation.
Despite
its
comparable
densities
between
selected
under‐used
Słowiński.
Results
provide
partial
support
emphasising
spatiotemporal
plasticity
wolf–prey
relationships.
The
relative
role
factors
(e.g.,
behavioural
responses)
should
at
longer
temporal
scales.
Язык: Английский