Urban Environments Promote Adaptation to Multiple Stressors

Ecology Letters, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 28(2)

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Anthropogenic activities have drastically changed environmental conditions worldwide, negatively impacting biodiversity and ecosystem services. At the same time, majority of human population lives in urban areas that are greatly altered from natural habitats. Nevertheless, many species thrive these environments. To improve our knowledge evolution adaptation anthropogenically impacted habitats, we conducted widest series stress experiments to date with three marine taxa: one mussel two gammarid species. We compared intraspecific populations protected human‐altered habitats determine their tolerance salinity, temperature partial pressure CO 2 water (pCO ) regimes. Populations typically outperformed habitat populations, individuals most being robust. propose adapting life disturbed environments—this concurrently promotes more resilient rescue but potentially confers increased invasion risk non‐native

Язык: Английский

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Microbial degradation of marine plastic debris: A comprehensive review on the environmental effects, disposal, and biodegradation

Biochemical Engineering Journal, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 201, С. 109133 - 109133

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Evolutionary responses of marine organisms to urbanized seascapes

Evolutionary Applications, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 14(1), С. 210 - 232

Опубликована: Июнь 23, 2020

Many of the world's major cities are located in coastal zones, resulting urban and industrial impacts on adjacent marine ecosystems. These pressures, which include pollutants, sewage, runoff debris, temperature increases, hardened shorelines/structures, light acoustic pollution, have resulted new evolutionary landscapes for organisms. Marine environmental changes influenced by urbanization may create selective regimes or influence neutral evolution via gene flow partitioning genetic diversity across seascapes. While some such as surfaces, similar to those experienced terrestrial species, others, oxidative stress, specific aquatic environments. Moreover, spatial temporal scales responses differ ocean due extent pressures greater capacity dispersal/gene flow. Here, we present a conceptual framework synthesis current research organisms pressures. We review examine evidence that species adapting, predicted adapt, over rapid time frames. Our findings indicate majority studies, stressors correlated with reduced diversity. Genetic structure is often increased urbanized settings, but artificial structures can also act stepping stones hard-surface specialists, promoting range expansion. Most adaptation comes from studies heritable tolerance pollutants relatively small number species; however, ecotoxicology do not test directly heritability. Finally, highlight gaps our understanding processes environments future address these gaps.

Язык: Английский

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Cities of the Anthropocene: urban sustainability in an eco-evolutionary perspective

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 379(1893)

Опубликована: Ноя. 13, 2023

Cities across the globe are driving systemic change in social and ecological systems by accelerating rates of interactions intensifying links between human activities Earth's ecosystems, thereby expanding scale influence on fundamental processes that sustain life. Increasing evidence shows cities not only alter biodiversity, they genetic makeup many populations, including animals, plants, fungi microorganisms. Urban-driven rapid evolution species traits might have significant effects socially relevant ecosystem functions such as nutrient cycling, pollination, water air purification food production. Despite increasing causing evolutionary change, current urban sustainability strategies often overlook these dynamics. The dominant perspectives guide essentially static, focusing preserving biodiversity its present state or restoring it to pre-urban conditions. This paper provides a overview socio-eco-evolutionary transition associated with global urbanization. Using examples observed changes play role maintaining function resilience, I propose significantly impact sustainability. Incorporating an eco-evolutionary perspective into science planning is crucial for effectively reimagining Anthropocene. article part theme issue ‘Evolution sustainability: gathering strands Anthropocene synthesis’.

Язык: Английский

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Urban evolution comes into its own: Emerging themes and future directions of a burgeoning field

Evolutionary Applications, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 14(1), С. 3 - 11

Опубликована: Ноя. 7, 2020

Urbanization has recently emerged as an exciting new direction for evolutionary research founded on our growing understanding of rapid evolution paired with the expansion novel urban habitats. can influence adaptive and nonadaptive in urban-dwelling species, but generalized patterns predictability responses within populations remain unclear. This editorial introduces special feature "Evolution Urban Environments" addresses four major emerging themes, which include: (a) phenotypic plasticity via physiological to climate, (b) phenotype-environment relationships habitats, (c) population connectivity genetic drift landscapes, (d) human-wildlife interactions spaces. Here, we present 16 articles (12 empirical, 3 review, 1 capstone) this issue how they represent each these themes biology. Finally, discuss address previous questions have now raised ones, highlighting important directions field.

Язык: Английский

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Urban Landscape Genetics: Are Biologists Keeping Up with the Pace of Urbanization?

Current Landscape Ecology Reports, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 6(2), С. 35 - 45

Опубликована: Фев. 19, 2021

Язык: Английский

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A review of marine stressors impacting Atlantic salmon Salmo salar, with an assessment of the major threats to English stocks

Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 32(3), С. 879 - 919

Опубликована: Май 13, 2022

Abstract Atlantic salmon Salmo salar is a socio-economically important anadromous fish species that has suffered synchronous population declines around the North over last five decades. Reduced marine survival been implicated as key driver of declines, yet relative importance different stressors causing mortality at sea not well understood. This review presents synopsis principal impacting in estuarine and environments. It also applies semi-quantitative 2-D classification system to assess effects these on English stocks their likely development next decade. Climate change predation were identified biggest threats present Poor water quality bycatch classified relatively high impact stressors, but with lower likelihood becoming more prevalent future due available mitigation measures. Other, less influential, included tidal barrages, artificial light night, impingement power-station cooling waters thermal discharges, pile-driving noise pollution, invasive non-native species, electromagnetic fields, mariculture, lagoons. Salmon fisheries exploitation was regarded an stressor currently because effective rate controls have implemented substantially reduce fishing pressure. Future research priorities include addressing knowledge gaps expanding impacts from climate change, predation, renewable energy developments, night. Local management actions directed towards improving freshwater habitats maximise ecosystem resilience minimise cumulative are recommended.

Язык: Английский

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Holistic Impact Evaluation of Human Activities on the Coastal Fish Biodiversity in the Chinese Coastal Environment

Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 56(10), С. 6574 - 6583

Опубликована: Май 5, 2022

Ecological qualities and resources in coasts are threatened by various human activities, such as pollution fishery. Impact evaluation of environmental stressors over a wide coastal stretch has been limited due to lack efficient standardizable biodiversity monitoring assessment tools. Integrating DNA (eDNA) ecological traits, holistic approach was developed assess the impact aquaculture on fish Chinese areas. Taking Yalujiang Estuary (YLJK) from Yellow Sea Nan'ao Island Area (NAO) South China cases, performance eDNA biomonitoring workflow validated. First, results 22 sampling sites reached more than 85% asymptotes species or ASVs each area. A total 115 both areas were detected NAO 1.8 times richer YLJK using composition consistent with historical data. recovered distinct variations sequence, taxonomic functional diversity, corresponding trends following offshore distance between two Fish sequence diversity decreased primarily estuarine factors (chemical oxygen demand zinc) YLJK. Compared no breeding areas, lower NAO. By integrating offers promising opportunities for future national global environments.

Язык: Английский

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Urban rendezvous along the seashore: Ports as Darwinian field labs for studying marine evolution in the Anthropocene

Evolutionary Applications, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 16(2), С. 560 - 579

Опубликована: Июль 2, 2022

Humans have built ports on all the coasts of world, allowing people to travel, exploit sea, and develop trade. The proliferation these artificial habitats associated maritime traffic is not predicted fade in coming decades. Ports share common characteristics: Species find themselves novel singular environments, with particular abiotic properties-e.g., pollutants, shading, protection from wave action-within communities a melting pot invasive native taxa. Here, we discuss how this drives evolution, including setting up new connectivity hubs gateways, adaptive responses exposure chemicals or biotic communities, hybridization between lineages that would never come into contact naturally. There are still important knowledge gaps, however, such as lack experimental tests distinguish adaptation acclimation processes, studies understand putative threats port natural populations better outcomes fitness effects anthropogenic hybridization. We thus call for further research examining "biological portuarization," defined repeated evolution marine species ecosystems under human-altered selective pressures. Furthermore, argue act giant mesocosms often isolated open sea by seawalls locks so provide replicated life-size evolutionary experiments essential support predictive sciences.

Язык: Английский

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Morphometric variations of two patellid limpets between artificial breakwaters and natural reefs

Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 297, С. 108617 - 108617

Опубликована: Янв. 4, 2024

Artificial shorelines often differ from natural reefs in shape, composition, and habitat complexity. They promote higher accumulation of pollutants increased physiological stress, which lead to changes species distributions ecosystem functioning. This can trophic shifts reduced genetic diversity gastropod populations inhabiting artificial might morphological changes, may influence behaviour, vulnerability predation, feeding efficiency, sex ratios, reproductive development, overall fitness. study explores inter- intraspecific shell morphometric variations Patella rustica P. caerulea between breakwaters (ripraps) three sites Ceuta (North Africa, Spain), including a physicochemical assessment the studied locations: shore orientation, inclination wave exposure, substratum nature, heterogeneity roughness. Limpets on substrata had slightly smaller extra-visceral cavity flattened profile, suggests that desiccation temperature stress driven by lithological composition roughness have influenced registered shape variation. However, high variation for both across limpets' morphology be responding complex interaction environmental ecological factors rather than solely rock type. The findings this highlight interplay type local conditions shaping patellid provide insights into adaptive mechanisms drive limpet face coastal sprawl anthropogenic global change.

Язык: Английский

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