Health benefits of polyphenols: A concise review

Journal of Food Biochemistry, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 46(10)

Опубликована: Июнь 13, 2022

Plants produce polyphenols, which are considered highly essential functional foods in our diet. They classified into several groups according to their diverse chemical structures. Flavanoids, lignans, stilbenes, and phenolic acids the four main families of polyphenols. Several vivo vitro research have been conducted so far evaluate health consequences. Polyphenols serve a vital function protection organism from external stimuli eliminating reactive oxygen species (ROS), instigators illnesses. present tea, chocolate, fruits, vegetables with potential positively influence human health. For instance, cocoa flavan-3-ols associated decreased risk myocardial infarction, stroke, diabetes. diet also help improve lipid profiles, blood pressure, insulin resistance, systemic inflammation. Quercetin, flavonoid, resveratrol, stilbene, linked improved cardiovascular Dietary polyphenols elicit therapeutic effects might be attributed, at least part, bidirectional association gut microbiome. This is because known affect microbiome composition ways that lead better Specifically, converts bioactive compounds effects. In this review, antioxidant, cytotoxicity, anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive, anti-diabetic actions described based on findings experimental trials. Practical applications The non-communicable diseases (NCDs) burden has increasing worldwide due sedentary lifestyle other factors such as smoking, junk food, etc. Scientific literature evidence supports use plant-based food agents could alleviate NCD's burden. Thus, consuming polyphenolic natural sources an effective solution mitigate NCDs concerns. It discussed how antioxidants medicinal plants prevent or repair damage caused by free radicals, oxidative stress.

Язык: Английский

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The antioxidant activity of polysaccharides: A structure-function relationship overview

Carbohydrate Polymers, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 314, С. 120965 - 120965

Опубликована: Апрель 28, 2023

Over the last years, polysaccharides have been linked to antioxidant effects using both in vitro chemical and biological models. The reported structures, claimed act as antioxidants, comprise chitosan, pectic polysaccharides, glucans, mannoproteins, alginates, fucoidans, many others of all type sources. structural features action include polysaccharide charge, molecular weight, occurrence non-carbohydrate substituents. establishment structure/function relationships can be, however, biased by secondary phenomena that tailor behavior systems. In this sense, review confronts some basic concepts chemistry with current claim carbohydrates antioxidants. It critically discusses how fine structure properties define Polysaccharides is highly dependent on their solubility, sugar ring structure, positive or negatively charged groups, protein moieties covalently phenolic compounds. However, compounds contaminants leads misleading results methodologies often used for screening characterization purposes, well vivo Despite falling concept role must be defined according matrices where they are involved.

Язык: Английский

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RONS and Oxidative Stress: An Overview of Basic Concepts

Oxygen, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 2(4), С. 437 - 478

Опубликована: Окт. 10, 2022

Oxidative stress (OS) has greatly interested the research community in understanding damaging processes occurring cells. OS is triggered by an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and their elimination antioxidant system; however, ROS function as second messengers under physiological conditions. are produced from endogenous exogenous sources. Endogenous sources involve mitochondria, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate hydrogen (NADPH), oxidases (NOXs), endoplasmic reticulum (ER), xanthine (XO), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOs), others. In contrast, might be generated through ultraviolet (UV) light, ionizing radiation (IR), contaminants, heavy metals, among It can damage DNA, lipids, proteins if not controlled. To avoid oxidative damage, systems activated. present review, we focus on basic concepts of OS, highlighting nitrogen (RONS) derived internal external last elimination. Moreover, include cellular system regulation ability to decrease OS. External antioxidants also proposed alternatives ameliorate Finally, review diseases involving mechanisms.

Язык: Английский

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Spectrophotometric Methods for Measurement of Antioxidant Activity in Food and Pharmaceuticals

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(11), С. 2213 - 2213

Опубликована: Ноя. 8, 2022

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the application of antioxidants food and pharmaceuticals due to their association with beneficial health effects against numerous oxidative-related human diseases. The antioxidant potential can be measured by various assays specific mechanisms action, including hydrogen atom transfer, single electron targeted scavenging activities. Understanding chemistry mechanisms, advantages, limitations methods is critical for proper selection techniques valid assessment activity samples or conditions. There are analytical available determining biological samples, plant extracts. different categorized into three main groups, such as spectrometry, chromatography, electrochemistry techniques. Among these assays, spectrophotometric considered most common technique determination sensitivity, rapidness, low cost, reproducibility. This review covers mechanism actions color changes that occur each method. Furthermore, advantages described discussed this review.

Язык: Английский

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Valorization of Fruit Waste for Bioactive Compounds and Their Applications in the Food Industry

Foods, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(3), С. 556 - 556

Опубликована: Янв. 27, 2023

The fruit production and processing sectors produce tremendous amounts of by-products waste that cause significant economic losses an undesirable impact on the environment. effective utilization these wastes can help to reduce carbon footprint greenhouse gas emissions, thereby achieving sustainable development goals. These contain a variety bioactive compounds, such as dietary fiber, flavonoids, phenolic antioxidants, polysaccharides, several other health-promoting nutrients phytochemicals. compounds be extracted used value-added products in different industrial applications. components developing nutraceutical products, functional foods, or food additives. This review provides comprehensive recent developments valorization techniques their application industries. various extraction techniques, including conventional emerging methods, have been discussed. antioxidant antimicrobial activities active isolated from described. most important (FW) has provided. Finally, challenges, future direction, concluding remarks topic are summarized.

Язык: Английский

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Lipid oxidation in food science and nutritional health: A comprehensive review

Oil Crop Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 8(1), С. 35 - 44

Опубликована: Март 1, 2023

Food provides abundant nutrients for human beings, but also has sensory functions and physiological regulation. Lipids are the main components of food as well important structural functional cells. Nevertheless, lipids easily oxidized by different ways, such thermal oxidation air oxidation. Lipid adverse effects on quality health. Therefore, efforts should be made to reduce lipid improve its stability. This review focuses knowledge about oxidation, including concept pathways mechanisms factors affecting strategies stability recent research progress in science nutritional

Язык: Английский

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Microorganisms: A Potential Source of Bioactive Molecules for Antioxidant Applications

Molecules, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 26(4), С. 1142 - 1142

Опубликована: Фев. 20, 2021

Oxidative stress originates from an elevated intracellular level of free oxygen radicals that cause lipid peroxidation, protein denaturation, DNA hydroxylation, and apoptosis, ultimately impairing cell viability. Antioxidants scavenge reduce oxidative stress, which further helps to prevent cellular damage. Medicinal plants, fruits, spices are the primary sources antioxidants time immemorial. In contrast microorganisms can be used as a source with advantage fast growth under controlled conditions. Further, microbe-based nontoxic, noncarcinogenic, biodegradable compared synthetic antioxidants. The present review aims summarize current state research on antioxidant activity including actinomycetes, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, microalgae, yeast, produce variety compounds, i.e., carotenoids, polyphenols, vitamins, sterol, etc. Special emphasis is given mechanisms signaling pathways followed by Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), especially for those compounds have been scarcely investigated so far.

Язык: Английский

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Plant- and Animal-Based Antioxidants’ Structure, Efficacy, Mechanisms, and Applications: A Review

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(5), С. 1025 - 1025

Опубликована: Май 23, 2022

Antioxidants are compounds that normally prevent lipid and protein oxidation. They play a major role in preventing many adverse conditions the human body, including inflammation cancer. Synthetic antioxidants widely used food industry to production of harm humans. However, plant- animal-based more appealing consumers than synthetic antioxidants. Plant-based mainly phenolic compounds, carotenoids, vitamins, while whole or peptides meat, fish, egg, milk, plant proteins. consist aromatic rings, amino acids. The act differently oxidation can be pharmaceutical industries. Therefore, compared with antioxidants, plant-based practical industry. Even though antioxidant good sources (individual peptides) cannot considered add food. they an ingredient will enhance capacity. This review compares antioxidants’ structure, efficacy, mechanisms, applications.

Язык: Английский

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Antibacterial lignin-based nanoparticles and their use in composite materials

Nanoscale Advances, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 4(21), С. 4447 - 4469

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2022

Lignin, one of the most abundant biopolymers on earth, has been traditionally considered a low-value by-product pulp and paper industries. This renewable raw material, besides being source valuable molecules for chemical industry, also antioxidant, UV-absorbing, antibacterial properties in its macromolecular form. Moreover, lignin form nanoparticles (LigNPs) presents advantages over bulk lignin, such as higher reactivity due to larger surface-to-volume ratio. In view rapid surge antimicrobial resistance (AMR), caused by overuse antibiotics, continuous development novel agents is needed. The use LigNPs suitable alternative conventional antibiotics topical application or disinfectants surfaces packaging. Besides, their multiple unspecific targets bacterial cell may prevent emergence AMR. review summarizes latest developments nano-formulated both dispersion embedded materials. following roles formulation NPs have analyzed: (i) an active nanoformulations, (ii) reducing capping agent metals, (iii) carrier other agents. Finally, covers inclusion films, fibers, hydrogels, foams, obtaining lignin-based nanocomposites variety applications, including food packaging, wound healing, medical coatings.

Язык: Английский

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Bioaccessibility and Bioavailability of Diet Polyphenols and Their Modulation of Gut Microbiota

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(4), С. 3813 - 3813

Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2023

It is generally accepted that diet-derived polyphenols are bioactive compounds with several potentially beneficial effects on human health. In general, have chemical structures, and the most representative flavonoids, phenolic acids, stilbenes. should be noted of closely related to their bioavailability bioaccessibility, as many them rapidly metabolized after administration. Polyphenols—with a protective effect gastrointestinal tract—promote maintenance eubiosis intestinal microbiota against gastric colon cancers. Thus, benefits obtained from dietary supplementation would seem mediated by gut microbiota. Taken at certain concentrations, been shown positively modulate bacterial component, increasing Lactiplantibacillus spp. Bifidobacterium involved in protection barrier decreasing Clostridium Fusobacterium, which negatively associated well-being. Based diet–microbiota–health axis, this review aims describe latest knowledge action health through activity discusses micro-encapsulation strategy improve

Язык: Английский

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