Future global urban water scarcity and potential solutions

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 3, 2021

Urbanization and climate change are together exacerbating water scarcity-where demand exceeds availability-for the world's cities. We quantify global urban scarcity in 2016 2050 under four socioeconomic scenarios, explored potential solutions. Here we show population facing is projected to increase from 933 million (one third of population) 1.693-2.373 billion people nearly half 2050, with India be most severely affected terms growth water-scarce (increase 153-422 people). The number large cities exposed 193 193-284, including 10-20 megacities. More than two thirds can relieve by infrastructure investment, but potentially significant environmental trade-offs associated large-scale solutions must guarded against.

Язык: Английский

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Machine Learning: New Ideas and Tools in Environmental Science and Engineering

Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Авг. 17, 2021

The rapid increase in both the quantity and complexity of data that are being generated daily field environmental science engineering (ESE) demands accompanied advancement analytics. Advanced analysis approaches, such as machine learning (ML), have become indispensable tools for revealing hidden patterns or deducing correlations which conventional analytical methods face limitations challenges. However, ML concepts practices not been widely utilized by researchers ESE. This feature explores potential to revolutionize modeling ESE field, covers essential knowledge needed applications. First, we use five examples illustrate how addresses complex problems. We then summarize four major types applications ESE: making predictions; extracting importance; detecting anomalies; discovering new materials chemicals. Next, introduce required current shortcomings ESE, with a focus on three important but often overlooked components when applying ML: correct model development, proper interpretation, sound applicability analysis. Finally, discuss challenges future opportunities application highlight this field.

Язык: Английский

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Global water resources and the role of groundwater in a resilient water future

Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 4(2), С. 87 - 101

Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Arsenic removal technologies and future trends: A mini review

Journal of Cleaner Production, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 278, С. 123805 - 123805

Опубликована: Авг. 23, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Arsenic in the geo-environment: A review of sources, geochemical processes, toxicity and removal technologies

Environmental Research, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 203, С. 111782 - 111782

Опубликована: Июль 31, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Global analysis and prediction of fluoride in groundwater

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2022

Abstract The health of millions people worldwide is negatively impacted by chronic exposure to elevated concentrations geogenic fluoride in groundwater. Due effects including dental mottling and skeletal fluorosis, the World Health Organization maintains a maximum guideline 1.5 mg/L drinking water. As groundwater quality not regularly tested many areas, it often unknown if water given well or spring contains harmful levels fluoride. Here we present state-of-the-art global hazard map based on machine learning over 400,000 measurements (10% which >1.5 mg/L), then used estimate human population at risk. Hotspots indicated include parts central Australia, western North America, eastern Brazil areas Africa Asia. Of approximately 180 million potentially affected worldwide, most reside Asia (51–59% total) (37–46% total), with latter representing 6.5% continent’s population. also 14 top 20 countries terms We illuminate discuss key globally relevant hydrochemical environmental factors related accumulation.

Язык: Английский

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Machine learning in natural and engineered water systems

Water Research, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 205, С. 117666 - 117666

Опубликована: Сен. 14, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Insights into recent advances of chitosan-based adsorbents for sustainable removal of heavy metals and anions

Arabian Journal of Chemistry, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 15(2), С. 103543 - 103543

Опубликована: Ноя. 8, 2021

With globally increased human population and industrialization, the natural sources of water are reduced then contaminated. Therefore, development advanced technologies for efficient treatment is becoming scope each nation. One cost-effective well-known wastewater adsorption contaminants by biopolymer like chitosan (CS) due to its unique features such as availability, biodegradability, biocompatibility, eco-friendly low-cost production. However, Cs suffers considerable limitations low capacity, surface area limited reusability. Thence, this review intended provide an overview recent advances chitosan-based adsorbents that established better activities towards various hazard heavy metals, including: As(III), As(V), Cu(II), Cr(VI), Pb(II) Cd(II) ions. In addition, capabilities adsorptive removal anions including phosphates nitrates were discussed. Besides, suggested mechanisms these onto research conclusions optimum conditions processes explained in light currently reported studies. Furthermore, emphasize foremost gaps future potential trends could inspire further researchers find out best solutions problems.

Язык: Английский

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Artificial Intelligence in Chemistry: Current Trends and Future Directions

Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 61(7), С. 3197 - 3212

Опубликована: Июль 15, 2021

The application of artificial intelligence (AI) to chemistry has grown tremendously in recent years. In this Review, we studied the growth and distribution AI-related publications last two decades using CAS Content Collection. volume both journal patent have increased dramatically, especially since 2015. Study over various research areas revealed that analytical biochemistry are integrating AI greatest extent with highest rates. We also investigated trends interdisciplinary identified frequently occurring combinations publications. Furthermore, topic analyses were conducted for illustrate emerging associations certain topics. Notable disciplines then evaluated presented highlight use cases. Finally, occurrence different classes substances their roles quantified, further detailing popularity adoption life sciences chemistry. summary, Review offers a broad overview how progressed fields aims provide an understanding its future directions.

Язык: Английский

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Freshwater salinization syndrome: from emerging global problem to managing risks

Biogeochemistry, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 154(2), С. 255 - 292

Опубликована: Апрель 12, 2021

Abstract Freshwater salinization is an emerging global problem impacting safe drinking water, ecosystem health and biodiversity, infrastructure corrosion, food production. originates from diverse anthropogenic geologic sources including road salts, human-accelerated weathering, sewage, urban construction, fertilizer, mine drainage, resource extraction, water softeners, saltwater intrusion, evaporative concentration of ions due to hydrologic alterations climate change. The complex interrelationships between salt chemical, biological, parameters consequences on the natural, social, built environment are called Salinization Syndrome (FSS). Here, we provide a comprehensive overview issues (past, present, future), investigate drivers solutions. We analyze expanding magnitude scope FSS its discovery in humid regions, connections weathering mobilization ‘chemical cocktails.’ also present data illustrating: (1) increasing trends ion concentrations some world’s major freshwaters, critical supplies; (2) decreasing nutrient rivers regulations but salinization, which have been lack adequate management regulations; (3) regional atmospheric deposition storage soils groundwater, (4) applications specific conductance as proxy for tracking groups elements freshwaters. prioritize research needs related better understanding: effects intrusion processes, potential risks groundwater contamination home wells, clean sources, economic safety impacts (5) alteration biodiversity functions, (6) application high-frequency sensors state-of-the art monitoring management. evaluate solutions using watershed approach spanning air, land, explore variations fate transport different ( e.g. ions, stormwater management, remediation, managing runoff). identify tradeoffs approaches such unanticipated retention release chemical cocktails best practices (BMPs) unintended alternative deicers quality. Overall, show that has direct indirect metals, nutrients, organics, radionuclides freshwaters with mounting impacts. Our review suggests what could happen if were not managed into future evaluates strategies reducing human health, costly infrastructure, services.

Язык: Английский

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