Rotten to the core? Drivers of the vertical profile and accumulation of internal tree stem damage DOI Creative Commons
Abbey R. Yatsko, Habacuc Flores‐Moreno,

M Fitzgerald

и другие.

Functional Ecology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 2, 2025

Abstract Trees are important above‐ground carbon sinks in savanna ecosystems, yet consumption of internal wood by decomposers (e.g. termites and microbes) creates uncertainties tree biomass accounting. It remains unclear whether stem damage is constant or variable throughout the tree, making it uncertain if a single sample reflects through tree. Furthermore, total location likely influenced external pressures (i.e. termites, microbes fire), species traits diameter at breast height [DBH], density) their interactions. We sampled lower (<2 m) trees North Queensland, Australia to examine vertical profile proportional absolute amounts damage. compared estimates from single‐sample method, assuming damage, with multi‐sample test how well one represented stem. investigated accumulated differently due DBH, density susceptibility fire scarring termite presence). Finally, we tested differentially affected this was mediated DBH density. The amount, but not proportion, decreased higher position on There no difference between methods. Species‐specific variation Total greatest large trees, particularly those presence. presence, scarring, differed among most occur large, dense trees. demonstrated that effectively captured Although accumulation rates increasing were consistent, suggesting general relationship. By integrating influence traits, our findings underscore importance considering these elements for accurately estimating stored biomass. Read free Plain Language Summary article Journal blog.

Язык: Английский

Conceptualizing soil fauna effects on labile and stabilized soil organic matter DOI Creative Commons
Gerrit Angst,

Anton Potapov,

François‐Xavier Joly

и другие.

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 17, 2024

Fauna is highly abundant and diverse in soils worldwide, but surprisingly little known about how it affects soil organic matter stabilization. Here, we review the ecological strategies of a multitude faunal taxa can affect formation persistence labile (particulate matter, POM) stabilized (mineral-associated MAOM). We propose three major mechanisms - transformation, translocation, grazing on microorganisms by which fauna alters factors deemed essential POM MAOM, including quantity decomposability mineralogy, abundance, location, composition microbial community. Determining relevance these to MAOM cross-disciplinary studies that cover individual more complex communities, employ physical fractionation, isotopic, microbiological approaches advance concepts, models, policies focused effectively manage as carbon sinks, nutrient stores, providers food.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

21
Global engineering effects of soil invertebrates on ecosystem functions DOI
Donghao Wu, Enzai Du, Nico Eisenhauer

и другие.

Nature, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 12, 2025

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

3
Substrate and climate determine terrestrial litter decomposition DOI Creative Commons
Qiuxia Wu, Xiangyin Ni,

Xinyao Sun

и другие.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 122(7)

Опубликована: Фев. 11, 2025

Litter decomposition is a fundamental biogeochemical process for carbon flux and nutrient cycling in terrestrial ecosystems, yet the global variation rates their covariations with climate substrate are not fully understood. Here, we synthesized dataset of 6,733 independent observations across six continents to illustrate climatic controls over litter decomposition. The average various types ranged from 0.74 4.01 y −1 polar tropics, showing large geographical span. directly explained 36 30% variations rates, carbon-to-nitrogen ratio identified as best predictor. In absence variables, can effectively explain variation, while model’s predictive capacity decreased significantly after was excluded. Our synthesis highlights that constraint on leads predictable global-scale patterns rates. Integrating chemistry parameters should be prioritized parameter optimization Earth system models.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

2
Biological Deterioration and Natural Durability of Wood in Europe DOI Open Access
Juan A. Martín, Rosana López

Forests, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(2), С. 283 - 283

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2023

In recent years, the use of wood has gained social interest, leading to a global increase in its demand. Yet, this demand is often covered by production woods low natural durability against biological deterioration. The main agents with potential attack structural integrity are wood-decay fungi, saproxylic beetles, termites, and marine molluscs crustaceans. most circumstances, fungi wood-deteriorating agents. To cell wall, combine complex enzymatic mechanism non-enzymatic mechanisms based on low-molecular-weight compounds. some cases, larvae beetles can also digest components, causing serious deterioration wooden structures. impact subterranean termites Europe concentrated Southern countries, important economic losses. However, alien invasive species voracious expanding their presence Europe. Wooden elements permanent contact water be readily deteriorated mollusc crustacean borers, for which current preservatives lack efficacy. defined as inherent resistance catastrophic action wood-destroying organisms. Besides exposure climate, product design conditions, key prediction service life products, shortened due change. major properties involved related composition lignin anatomy xylem, nutrient availability, amount heartwood extractives, moisture-regulating components since moisture content influences establishment wood-degrading

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

36
Impact of intraspecific variation in insect microbiomes on host phenotype and evolution DOI Creative Commons
Claudia Lange, Stéphane Boyer, Т. Martijn Bezemer

и другие.

The ISME Journal, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 17(11), С. 1798 - 1807

Опубликована: Сен. 2, 2023

Abstract Microbes can be an important source of phenotypic plasticity in insects. Insect physiology, behaviour, and ecology are influenced by individual variation the microbial communities held within insect gut, reproductive organs, bacteriome, other tissues. It is becoming increasingly clear how microbiome for fitness, expansion into novel ecological niches, environments. These investigations have garnered heightened interest recently, yet a comprehensive understanding intraspecific assembly function these insect-associated shape insects still lacking. Most research focuses on core associated with species ignores variation. We argue that among driver evolution, we provide examples showing such influence fitness health insects, invasions, their persistence new environments, responses to global environmental changes.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

32
Perspective: sustainability challenges, opportunities and solutions for long-term ecosystem observations DOI Creative Commons
Akira Mori, K. Suzuki, Masakazu Hori

и другие.

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 378(1881)

Опубликована: Май 29, 2023

As interest in natural capital grows and society increasingly recognizes the value of biodiversity, we must discuss how ecosystem observations to detect changes biodiversity can be sustained through collaboration across regions sectors. However, there are many barriers establishing sustaining large-scale, fine-resolution observations. First, comprehensive monitoring data on both possible anthropogenic factors lacking. Second, some situ cannot systematically established maintained locations. Third, equitable solutions sectors countries needed build a global network. Here, by examining individual cases emerging frameworks, mainly from (but not limited to) Japan, illustrate ecological science relies long-term neglecting basic our home planet further reduces chances overcoming environmental crisis. We also techniques opportunities, such as DNA citizen well using existing forgotten sites monitoring, that help overcome difficulties at large scale with fine resolution. Overall, this paper presents call action for joint factors, systematic establishment maintenance observations, network, beyond cultures, languages, economic status. hope proposed framework examples Japan serve starting point discussions collaborations among stakeholders multiple society. It is time take next step detecting socio-ecological systems, if observation made more feasible, they will play an even important role ensuring sustainability future generations. This article part theme issue 'Detecting attributing causes change: needs, gaps solutions'.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

29
Meta-analysis reveals that vertebrates enhance plant litter decomposition at the global scale DOI
Bin Tuo, Pablo García‐Palacios, Chao Guo

и другие.

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 8(3), С. 411 - 422

Опубликована: Янв. 9, 2024

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

12
Global contribution of invertebrates to forest litter decomposition DOI Creative Commons
Xiaoyi Zeng, Huilin Gao, Runxi Wang

и другие.

Ecology Letters, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 27(4)

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2024

Abstract Forest litter decomposition is an essential component of global carbon and nutrient turnover. Invertebrates play important roles in decomposition, but the regional pattern their effects poorly understood. We examined 476 case studies across 93 sites performed a meta‐analysis to estimate invertebrates on forest decomposition. then assessed how invertebrate diversity, climate soil pH drive variations invertebrate‐mediated found that (1) contributions are 1.4 times higher tropical subtropical forests than elsewhere, with overall contribution 31% decomposition; (2) termite together warm, humid acidic environments tropics subtropics positively associated by invertebrates. Our results demonstrate significant difference mediating among regions. demonstrate, also, significance termites driving mass loss subtropics. These particularly pertinent where change human disturbance threaten biodiversity ecosystem services it provides.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

11
Drivers of wood decay in tropical ecosystems: Termites versus microbes along spatial, temporal and experimental precipitation gradients DOI Creative Commons
Baptiste Wijas, Habacuc Flores‐Moreno, Steven Allison

и другие.

Functional Ecology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 38(3), С. 546 - 559

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2024

Abstract Models estimating decomposition rates of dead wood across space and time are mainly based on studies carried out in temperate zones where microbes dominant drivers decomposition. However, most biomass is found tropical ecosystems, termites also important consumers. Given the dependence microbial moisture with termite thought to be more resilient dry conditions, relative importance these agents expected shift along gradients precipitation that affect moisture. Here, we investigated roles space, a simulated drought experiment Australia. We deployed mesh bags non‐native pine blocks, allowing access half bags. Bags were collected every 6 months (end wet seasons) over 4‐year period five sites rainfall gradient (ranging from savanna sclerophyll rainforest) within at wettest site. proceed faster conditions greater influence conditions. Consistent expectations, microbial‐mediated was slowest sites, seasons Wood blocks discovered by decomposed 16–36% than undiscovered regardless levels. Concurrently, 10 times likely discover compared rainforest compensating for slow savannas. For termites, seasonality did not significantly rates. Taken together, spatial seasonal variation shaping as driven microbes, although different do equally impact agents. As better understand how climate change will regimes tropics, our results can improve predictions potential altering carbon fluxes. Read free Plain Language Summary this article Journal blog.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

10
Connectivity and climate change drive the global distribution of highly invasive termites DOI Creative Commons
Edouard Duquesne, Denis Fournier

NeoBiota, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 92, С. 281 - 314

Опубликована: Апрель 30, 2024

Termites are amongst the most abundant and ecologically-important groups of insects in tropical forests. However, destructive potential some species amounts to billions dollars damage each year. Despite their economic ecological impacts, only a limited number invasive termite have been studied using distribution modelling no studies taken trade, transport demography variables into account. We used Species Distribution Models (SDMs) investigate 10 highly-invasive termites. Our study includes bioclimatic conditions, land-use patterns, elevation connectivity predictors (i.e. urban areas, human population, accessibility cities private vessels), alongside different climatic socioeconomic change scenarios. The hinges on variables, highlighting significance these latter factors analyses. models demonstrate termites thrive large urbanised connected areas within subtropical regions lesser extent temperate regions. As climate changes urbanisation intensifies, species’ range could expand, particularly under “fossil fuel-driven development” scenario. Furthermore, while may slightly reduced range, they extend presence more increasing risks costs associated with damages. highlight anticipated role growing dynamics facilitating widespread proliferation coming years.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

9