Time
estimation
is
an
essential
prerequisite
underlying
various
cognitive
functions.
Previous
studies
identified
‘sequential
firing’
and
‘activity
ramps’
as
the
primary
neuron
activity
patterns
in
medial
frontal
cortex
(mPFC)
that
could
convey
information
regarding
time.
However,
relationship
between
these
timing
behavior
has
not
been
fully
understood.
In
this
study,
we
utilized
vivo
calcium
imaging
of
mPFC
rats
performing
a
task.
We
observed
cells
showed
selective
activation
at
trial
start,
end,
or
during
interval.
By
aligning
long-term
time-lapse
datasets,
discovered
sequential
time
coding
were
stable
over
weeks,
while
for
start
end
constant
dynamism.
Furthermore,
with
novel
design
allowed
animal
to
determine
individual
interval,
able
demonstrate
real-time
adjustment
sequence
procession
speed
closely
tracked
trial-to-trial
interval
variations.
And
errors
rats’
can
be
primarily
attributed
premature
ending
sequence.
Together,
our
data
suggest
maybe
neural
substrate
represents
under
physiological
conditions.
results
imply
existence
unique
cell
type
participates
time-related
sequences.
Future
characterization
provide
important
insights
mechanism
related
Frontiers in Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
18
Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2025
When
we
are
awake
and
relaxed,
various
memory-scenes
come
up
in
our
mind
by
spontaneous
activation
of
memory
engrams.
We
find
ourselves
the
memory-scene
longing
for
it
present
self.
The
scene
is
also
recollected
sensory
inputs
from
surrounding
world
learned
behavioral
decisions.
It
well
experienced
that
odorants
act
as
strong
cues
remembering
associated
memory.
Associative
learning
odor
signals
object
cognition
enables
us
to
predict
cognitive
imagery
an
environmental
object.
Here,
discuss
neural
network
connecting
olfactory
cortices
higher
areas
dynamically
switches
processing
mode
feedforward
top-down.
These
processes
correlated
with
respiratory
cycle
form
recollect
odor-object
associative
infer
during
inhalation
phase,
drive
burst
firings
a
specific
subset
pyramidal
cells
cortex.
In
contrast,
subsequent
late-exhalation
top-down
scene-signals
activate
again
same
those
activated
signals.
Reactivation
exhalation
phase
may
induce
plastic
changes
inter-areal
synaptic
connections
associative-learning
this
perspective
article,
will
self
mammalian
system.
Cortical
neuronal
activity
varies
over
time
and
across
repeated
trials,
yet
consistently
represents
stimulus
features.
The
dynamical
mechanism
underlying
this
reliable
representation
computation
remains
elusive.
This
study
uncovers
a
for
neural
information
processing,
leveraging
biologically
plausible
network
model
incorporating
heterogeneity.
First,
we
investigate
timescale
diversity,
revealing
that
it
disrupts
intrinsic
coherent
spatiotemporal
patterns,
induces
firing
rate
heterogeneity,
enhances
local
responsive
sensitivity,
aligns
closely
with
input.
system
exhibits
globally
input-slaved
transient
dynamics,
essential
processing.
Other
heterogeneities,
such
as
nonuniform
input
connections,
spike
threshold
in-degree
play
similar
roles,
highlighting
the
importance
of
heterogeneity
in
shaping
consistent
representation.
offers
potentially
general
framework
understanding
informs
design
reservoir
computing
models
endowed
liquid
wave
reservoirs
neuromorphic
computing.
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
36(11), С. 2302 - 2316
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Although
the
role
of
medial
temporal
lobe
(MTL)
and
hippocampus
in
episodic
memory
is
well
established,
there
emerging
evidence
that
these
regions
play
a
broader
cognition,
specifically
processing.
However,
despite
strong
plays
critical
sequential
processing,
involvement
MTL
timing
per
se
poorly
understood.
In
present
study,
we
investigated
whether
patients
with
damage
exhibit
differential
performance
on
distance
task.
Critically,
manipulated
context
shifts,
or
boundaries,
which
have
been
shown
to
interfere
associative
binding,
leading
increases
subjective
distance.
We
predicted
would
show
impaired
binding
across
boundaries
thus
fail
expansion.
Consistent
this
hypothesis,
unilateral
failed
expansion
effect,
bilateral
actually
exhibited
reverse
suggesting
for
information
boundaries.
Furthermore,
were
overall
both
task
recognition
memory,
but
not
an
independent,
short-timescale
perception
Interestingly,
could
be
independently
by
short
Together,
data
suggest
distinct
mnemonic
processes
may
influence
long
interval
impair
ability
integrate
memory.
Continuous
experiences
are
segmented
into
discrete
long-term
memories
through
the
generation
of
event
boundaries.
A
leading
theory
segmentation
proposes
that
boundaries
triggered
by
prediction
errors
caused
unexpected
stimuli.
However,
recent
studies
have
raised
doubts
about
whether
error
is
necessary
for
segmentation.
In
this
study,
we
tested
an
alternative
account:
in
memory
reflect
temporal
structure
working
during
perception
and
can
occur
even
absence
error.
experiment
1,
participants
were
asked
to
detect
repeats
within
sequences
random
images.
The
switch
a
new
sequence
could
be
predictable,
with
continuous
display
number
images
remaining
each
sequence,
or
unpredictable,
no
prior
indication
was
end.
We
found
boundary-related
effects
on
order
both
cases,
higher
accuracy
within-sequence
comparisons
when
boundary
between
predictable.
experiments
2a
2b,
always
performed
either
(event-related)
repeat-detection
task
from
1
(non-event-related)
2-back
task.
observed
event-boundary
only
event-related.
Both
these
support
segmentation,
which
critically
related
dynamics
rather
than
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2024
Abstract
Time
estimation
is
an
essential
prerequisite
underlying
various
cognitive
functions.
Previous
studies
identified
“sequential
firing”
and
“activity
ramps”
as
the
primary
neuron
activity
patterns
in
medial
frontal
cortex
(mPFC)
that
could
convey
information
regarding
time.
However,
relationship
between
these
timing
behavior
has
not
been
fully
understood.
In
this
study,
we
utilized
vivo
calcium
imaging
of
mPFC
rats
performing
a
task.
We
observed
cells
showed
selective
activation
at
trial
start,
end,
or
during
interval.
By
aligning
long-term
time-lapse
datasets,
discovered
sequential
time
coding
were
stable
over
weeks,
while
for
start
end
constant
dynamism.
Furthermore,
with
novel
design
allowed
animal
to
determine
individual
interval,
able
demonstrate
real-time
adjustment
sequence
procession
speed
closely
tracked
trial-to-trial
interval
variations.
And
errors
rats’
can
be
primarily
attributed
premature
ending
sequence.
Together,
our
data
suggest
maybe
neural
substrate
thatrepresentstime
under
physiological
conditions.Furthermore,
results
imply
existence
unique
cell
type
participates
time-related
sequences.
Future
characterization
provide
important
insights
mechanism
related
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 4, 2024
Abstract
Theta-nested
gamma
oscillations,
widely
observed
in
experiments,
play
a
crucial
role
navigation,
yet
their
functional
roles
and
the
origin
of
positive
correlation
between
theta
frequency
motion
velocity
remain
unclear.
We
propose
that
object’s
survival
relies
on
both
prediction
dodge
–
predicting
future
events
staying
alert
to
unpredictable
ones,
latter
which
has
seldom
been
considered
goal-navigation
tasks.
By
building
biologically
plausible
spiking
neuronal
network
model
reproducing
experimental
results,
we
leverage
synfire
chain
properties
length
separation
elucidate
theta-nested
oscillations:
oscillations
for
self-location
awareness,
predictive
capabilities
coupling
enhancing
functionality.
The
is
demonstrated
optimally
balance
representing
predictable
planning
unexpected
events.
Our
study
offers
new
avenue
unravelling
neural
mechanisms
navigation.
Time
estimation
is
an
essential
prerequisite
underlying
various
cognitive
functions.
Previous
studies
identified
‘sequential
firing’
and
‘activity
ramps’
as
the
primary
neuron
activity
patterns
in
medial
frontal
cortex
(mPFC)
that
could
convey
information
regarding
time.
However,
relationship
between
these
timing
behavior
has
not
been
fully
understood.
In
this
study,
we
utilized
vivo
calcium
imaging
of
mPFC
rats
performing
a
task.
We
observed
cells
showed
selective
activation
at
trial
start,
end,
or
during
interval.
By
aligning
long-term
time-lapse
datasets,
discovered
sequential
time
coding
were
stable
over
weeks,
while
for
start
end
constant
dynamism.
Furthermore,
with
novel
design
allowed
animal
to
determine
individual
interval,
able
demonstrate
real-time
adjustment
sequence
procession
speed
closely
tracked
trial-to-trial
interval
variations.
And
errors
rats’
can
be
primarily
attributed
premature
ending
sequence.
Together,
our
data
suggest
maybe
neural
substrate
represents
under
physiological
conditions.
results
imply
existence
unique
cell
type
participates
time-related
sequences.
Future
characterization
provide
important
insights
mechanism
related
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Июнь 30, 2024
Abstract
Cortical
neuronal
activity
varies
over
time
and
across
repeated
stimulation
trials,
yet
consistently
represents
stimulus
features.
The
dynamical
mechanism
underlying
this
reliable
representation
computation
remains
elusive.
This
study
uncovers
a
that
achieves
neural
information
processing,
leveraging
biologically
plausible
network
model
with
heterogeneity.
We
first
investigate
timescale
diversity
in
computation,
revealing
it
disrupts
intrinsic
coherent
spatiotemporal
patterns,
enhances
local
sensitivity,
aligns
closely
inputs.
leads
to
sensitivity
globally
input-slaved
transient
dynamics,
essential
for
processing.
Other
heterogeneities,
such
as
non-uniform
input
connections
spike
threshold
heterogeneity,
plays
similar
roles,
highlighting
heterogeneity’s
role
shaping
consistent
representation.
offers
potentially
general
framework
understanding
heterogeneity
informs
the
design
of
new
reservoir
computing
models
endowed
liquid
wave
reservoirs
neuromorphic
computing.
Teaser
Neural
aligning
inputs
Time
estimation
is
an
essential
prerequisite
underlying
various
cognitive
functions.
Previous
studies
identified
“sequential
firing”
and
“activity
ramps”
as
the
primary
neuron
activity
patterns
in
medial
frontal
cortex
(mPFC)
that
could
convey
information
regarding
time.
However,
relationship
between
these
timing
behavior
has
not
been
fully
understood.
In
this
study,
we
utilized
vivo
calcium
imaging
of
mPFC
rats
performing
a
task.
We
observed
cells
showed
selective
activation
at
trial
start,
end,
or
during
interval.
By
aligning
long-term
time-lapse
datasets,
discovered
sequential
time
coding
were
stable
over
weeks,
while
for
start
end
constant
dynamism.
Furthermore,
with
novel
design
allowed
animal
to
determine
individual
interval,
able
demonstrate
real-time
adjustment
sequence
procession
speed
closely
tracked
trial-to-trial
interval
variations.
And
errors
rats’
can
be
primarily
attributed
premature
ending
sequence.
Together,
our
data
suggest
maybe
neural
substrate
thatrepresentstime
under
physiological
conditions.Furthermore,
results
imply
existence
unique
cell
type
participates
time-related
sequences.
Future
characterization
provide
important
insights
mechanism
related
