Evaluating the Performance of the Primary Care Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Screen for DSM-5 (PC-PTSD-5) in a Trauma-Exposed, Socioeconomically Vulnerable Patient Population

Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 30(4), С. 791 - 803

Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2023

Язык: Английский

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A Harm Reduction Framework for Integrated Treatment of Co-Occurring Opioid Use Disorder and Trauma-Related Disorders

Journal of Dual Diagnosis, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 20(1), С. 52 - 85

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2024

The opioid epidemic has exposed a gulf in mental health research, treatment, and policy: Most patients with comorbid trauma-related disorder (TRD) use (OUD) (TRD + OUD) remain undiagnosed or unsuccessfully treated for the combination of TRD symptoms use. treatments tend to be psychotherapies that are not accessible practical many individuals OUD, due treatment models systematically incorporating principles harm reduction (HR). HR practices prioritize flexibility unequivocally improve outcomes save lives OUD. Considering urgent need OUD outcomes, we propose fields can meaningfully reconciled by integrating classic phasic TRD. Adding "prestabilization" phase – largely analogous precontemplation Stage Change creates opportunities advance clinical practice, policies potentially patient outcomes.

Язык: Английский

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Prevalence and associated factors of common mental disorders among internally displaced people by armed conflict in Cabo Delgado, Mozambique: a cross-sectional community-based study

Frontiers in Public Health, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12

Опубликована: Апрель 16, 2024

Background Humanitarian emergencies are a major global health challenge with the potential to have profound impact on people’s mental and psychological health. Displacement is traumatic event that disrupts families affects physical at all ages. A person may endure or witness incident, such as being exposed war, and, result, develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). There lack of information about disorder, depression, anxiety in low middle-income countries humanitarian emergency contexts Mozambique. This study aimed assess prevalence PTSD, anxiety, associated factors among armed conflict survivors Cabo Delgado, north region Mozambique 2023. Methods community-based cross-sectional was conducted between January April 2023 750 participants, who were selected by convenience. face-to-face interview used Primary Care Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PC-PTSD-5) evaluate Generalized Anxiety Scale (GAD-7) Patient Health Questionnaire – (PHQ-9 MZ) depression. The association PTSD demographic psychosocial characteristics analyzed using bivariate multivariable binary logistic regression. We 5% significance level. Results three disorders assessed highly prevalent our sample 74.3% 63.8% 40.0% anxiety. chance developing higher females (AOR = 2.30, 95% CI 1.50–3.51), patients depression symptoms 8.27, 4.97–13.74) 1.45, 0.84–2.50). Conclusion reported high. Patients having depressive symptoms, female more risk PTSD. need integrate screening for common context its adapted integration interventions.

Язык: Английский

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Parents’ COVID-19 stressors and associations with self-rated health, symptoms of mental health problems, and substance use: a cross-sectional study

FACETS, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 10, С. 1 - 13

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

The aim of this study was to understand associations between pandemic stressors and parents’ self-rated physical mental health; symptoms health problems, at-risk substance use problems. Data were collected from February 2022 March as part Wave 2 the Well-being Experiences Study in Manitoba, Canada ( n = 749). Stressors frequently identified since onset included inability spend time with family friends, worry about getting coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), travel restrictions. In past month, most COVID-19, restrictions, public future. greatest number worse outcomes included: job loss or financial burden; feeling lonely isolated; disrupted poor sleep; uncertainty future; accessing care for any reason; increased conflict relationships; cancellation surgeries, caregiving children; family. Understanding COVID-19 that associated problems can inform clinical approaches respond pandemic-related well preparedness mitigate declines well-being context future pandemics.

Язык: Английский

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Forensic Assessment of Psychological Injury Claims

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Characterizing Engagement with Web-Based Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) for Traumatic Stress and Substance Misuse After Interpersonal Violence

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 22(2), С. 190 - 190

Опубликована: Янв. 29, 2025

Screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) is a widely used public health approach for delivering early intervention substance misuse. SBIRT adaptations that incorporate content on interpersonal violence posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms may be warranted, as experiences of are prevalent associated with greater misuse; however, more research needed refine the delivery PTSD-substance use within model. This study examined clinical data collected part web-based developed co-occurring misuse PTSD after characterize responses adults presenting agencies serving intimate partner sexual survivors. The respondents (N = 52) completed self-report measures during tool personalize recommendations, well motivational enhancement exercises. Descriptive statistics were conducted. results underscored high rates probable PTSD, use, trauma-related motives use. ready change their average receiving personalized feedback. Many expressed values related trauma recovery self-empowerment, perceived these useful reduction, set goals seek mental services or reduce drinking quantity. findings point several targets integrated interventions

Язык: Английский

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Interrater reliability of the DSM-5 and ICD-11 Criterion A for PTSD and complex PTSD in parents of children with autism using the Life Events Checklist

BJPsych Open, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 11(2)

Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2025

Parents of children with autism demonstrate elevated traumatic stress symptoms, but seldom receive diagnoses post-traumatic disorder (PTSD) or complex PTSD. An accurate assessment Criterion A is essential for a valid diagnosis these disorders, yet it uncertain whether A, as defined by the two primary international diagnostic systems (DSM-5-TR and ICD-11), yields consistent interrater reliability, when psychologists rely solely on self-report from parents assessing PTSD This study aims to investigate reliability across events against ICD-11 DSM-5-TR. Ten Australian rated parents' self-reported related parenting, using Life Events Checklist DSM-5-TR A. Data 200 randomly selected children, all meeting symptom thresholds PTSD, were analysed. Bootstrapping calculated kappa coefficients, differences between criteria, self-reports threat/no threat, 95% confidence intervals differences. Interrater varied poor moderate. The had significantly higher than (κdifference = 0.105, CI 0.052-0.153, P < 0.001). was lower reported life serious injury death 0.096, 0.019-0.176, 0.007). highlights challenges in autism, criteria Checklist, revealing less adequate reliability.

Язык: Английский

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The Relationship Between Concussion and Combat History and Mental Health and Suicide Ideation Among United States Military Veterans—A Pilot Study

Brain Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(3), С. 234 - 234

Опубликована: Фев. 23, 2025

Background/Objectives: Suicides among U.S. military veterans are alarmingly high, driven by factors such as mental health issues, combat exposure, and history of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI)/concussion. This study aims to examine the relationship between concussion history, experience, their effects on issues suicide ideation veterans. Additionally, this investigates impact post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) these variables. Methods: A total 78 (62 males, 16 females) participated in study. Participants completed a demographic survey Global Well-being Index (GWI) assess residual symptoms. licensed social worker interviewed using 9-Item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) for depression, Generalized Anxiety Disorder (7 Items) (GAD-7) anxiety, Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) ideation. 2 × cross-tabulation analysis examined relationships outcomes PTSD was also assessed both predictor an outcome. Statistical analyses yielded odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI), Chi-square, Cramer’s V (V) correlations along associated p-values. Results: The combination experience strongly predicted either or (OR = 7.97, CI: 1.70, 37.44; 0.334, (p 0.003)), more than factor alone. Combat strongest 11.12, 3.30, 37.47; 0.485, p ≤ 0.001), individually when combined history. influenced 8.16, 1.74, 38.25; 0.339, 0.003). Stratification status (positive negative) affected independent dependent Small cell counts resulted wide CI some ORs, though statistically significant Fisher’s Exact Test results were observed. Credibility critical prior interval (CPI) metric confirmed intrinsic credibility results. Conclusions: provides insights into impacts

Язык: Английский

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Trauma exposure, post-traumatic stress disorder and alcohol and other drug use among Australian public safety personnel

Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 15, 2025

Objective: This study investigated the rates of workplace trauma exposure, probable post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol other drug use among Australian public safety personnel (PSP). It also identified factors associated with hazardous or harmful use. Method: Data were collected through an online survey distributed to PSP in three agencies between May October 2021. A total 539 completed survey. The included questions about demographic work-based characteristics, PTSD Results: Most participants (86.8%) had experienced at least one type traumatic event work. Probable was 39.4% respondents. Hazardous reported by 33.1% participants, while 13.3% Analyses revealed that higher numbers types significantly greater odds (ORs 1.88 1.04, respectively). Identifying as female meeting criteria for (OR = 1.86) identifying male lower 0.23). Conclusion: highlights high prevalence substance PSP. findings suggest a need targeted interventions address mental health challenges this population, particularly those aimed mitigating effects providing support disorders.

Язык: Английский

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Diagnostic accuracy and psychometric performance of two self‐report measures of posttraumatic stress disorder in older veterans

Journal of Traumatic Stress, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 17, 2025

Abstract The Primary Care PTSD Screen for DSM‐5 (PC‐PTSD‐5) and Checklist (PCL‐5) have demonstrated high levels of diagnostic accuracy strong psychometric properties across various samples settings. However, the impact age on these measures has been underinvestigated. This is problematic, as without accurate measurement, older adults with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may be vulnerable to misdiagnosis inappropriate treatment planning. study examined in (≥ 65 years; n = 192) versus younger (< 188) veterans determine whether precision identifying was equally between groups a sample receiving primary care services U.S. Department Veterans Affairs setting. Results indicated that, despite lower prevalence among (9.3% vs. 25.5%), PC‐PTSD‐5 performed better veterans, AUC .960, 95% CI [.928, .992], than .897, [.846, .949], z 2.04, p .042. A cutoff score 4 optimal both groups. PCL‐5 performance excellent older, .925, [.880, .970], .894, [.847, .942], 0.92, .358. Although different scores were found (36) (34) cutoffs not significantly from each other or standard (33), McNemar tests s .125–1.00. Both maintain their robust lifespan.

Язык: Английский

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