Averted lung cancer deaths due to reductions in cigarette smoking in the United States, 1970–2022

CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 25, 2025

Lung cancer mortality rates in the United States have declined steeply recent decades, largely because of substantial reductions smoking prevalence, as approximately 85% lung deaths are attributable to cigarette smoking. In this study, authors estimate number averted and corresponding person-years life gained during 1970-2022 a measure progress prevention through tobacco control. By using National Center for Health Statistics data (with national coverage), calculated expected each year, age, sex, race, age group based on death rate multiplied by population at risk that group. The were subtracting observed from Person-years estimated avoided premature average additional years person would lived if they had not died cancer. 3,856,240 (2,246,610 men, 1,609,630 women) averted, 76,275,550 (40,277,690 35,997,860 1970-2022, with an 19.8 (17.9 22.4 per death. accounted 51.4% declines overall was substantially greater men (60.1%) than women (42.7%). proportion 53.6% White (62.8% 44.6% 40.0% Black (44.4% 34.7% women). numbers highlight remarkable effect against reducing

Язык: Английский

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What does cancer screening have to do with tomato growing?

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2025

Cancer screening is considered to be a major strategy for combatting cancer. The United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends five cancers, but the strength of evidence about effectiveness limited. To gain insights into efficacy early detection requires prospective, blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trials with decades follow-up and inclusion millions participants. Recently, Bretthauer et al. estimated lifetime gained cancer tests by using meta-analysis 18 large randomized which included more than two million subjects. They asked if are saving lives how much life extended due commonly used tests. Colorectal sigmoidoscopy prolonged 110 days, while fecal testing mammography did not prolong life. A modest extension 37 days was noted prostate prostate-specific antigen 107 lung computed tomography, these estimates were statistically significant. authors concluded that current strategies do significantly Based on data, known biological behavior some we hypothesized treating cancer, after detection, could modified avoid side effects screening, determinant patient's overall survival.

Язык: Английский

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Determinants of survival in women diagnosed with breast cancer between 2008 and 2017: An analysis of a cohort using data from four Population-Based Cancer Registries of Colombia

Cancer Epidemiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 95, С. 102765 - 102765

Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2025

Breast Cancer (BC) is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women, especially low- and middle-income countries. Population-Based Registries (PBCRs) play a crucial role monitoring cancer trends guiding evaluation planning control programs. In Colombia, there are no national analyses BC survival. The aim was to estimate overall survival up 5-year women diagnosed with BC, as well its determinants, Colombia using population-based data from four Colombian PBCRs. We conducted cohort study invasive between 2008 2017, identified by corresponding PBCRs residents cities Barranquilla, Bucaramanga metropolitan area, Manizales, Pasto. performed follow-up 5 years after diagnosis, or until death (all-cause). estimated (Kaplan Meier). evaluated simultaneous effect multiple risk factors on Cox proportional hazards analysis, obtaining adjusted Hazard Ratios (aHR) Confidence Intervals (CI). analysis included 8020 cases. observed 72.5 %. likelihood lowest for aged 70 older (aHR 1.61; 95 % CI 1.42-1.83), those living middle Socioeconomic Stratum (SES) 1.32; 1.05-1.66), affiliated subsidized Health Insurance Regime (HIR) 1.47; 1.32-1.63), stages III-IV 2.29; 2.03-2.57) compared diagnosis age 50 years, high SES, contributory HIR, at I-II, respectively. Social disparities linked likely due limited access healthcare services. This suggests importance strengthening screening diagnostic care, vulnerable populations.

Язык: Английский

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Screening for many types of cancer with a single blood sample – too good to be true?

Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 21, 2025

Язык: Английский

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