Advanced Functional Materials,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
32(4)
Опубликована: Окт. 15, 2021
Abstract
Ammonia
(NH
3
)
plays
a
vital
role
in
the
fertilizer
industry,
nitrogen‐containing
chemical
production,
and
hydrogen
storage.
The
development
of
electrocatalytic
photo(electro)catalytic
nitrogen
reduction
reaction
(NRR)
to
synthesize
NH
are
desirable,
which
more
environmentally
friendly
than
conventional
Haber–Bosch
process.
Due
strong
nonpolar
bonding
NN
bond,
discovery
efficient
catalysts
is
essential
overcome
high
kinetic
barrier.
Here,
bismuth‐based
materials
that
show
proven
activities
for
NRR
highlighted.
fundamental
knowledge,
including
thermodynamics,
mechanisms,
systems,
evaluation
aspects
NRR,
product
quantification,
introduced.
Together
with
scientific
reasoning
exhibited
activities,
strategies
improving
performance
discussed
detail.
Perspective
outlook,
as
well
opportunities
further
develop
synthesis,
provided.
This
review
aims
provide
comprehensive
understanding
advancement
this
field
serves
guide
future
design
highly
catalysts.
Advanced Materials,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2025
Abstract
New
carbon‐based
materials
(CMs)
are
recommended
as
attractively
active
due
to
their
diverse
nanostructures
and
unique
electron
transport
pathways,
demonstrating
great
potential
for
highly
efficient
energy
storage
applications,
electrocatalysis,
beyond.
Among
these
newly
reported
CMs,
metal–organic
framework
(MOF)‐derived
CMs
have
achieved
impressive
development
momentum
based
on
high
specific
surface
areas,
tunable
porosity,
flexible
structural‐functional
integration.
However,
obstacles
regarding
the
integrity
of
porous
structures,
complexity
preparation
processes,
precise
control
components
hinder
regulation
interface
engineering
in
CMs.
In
this
context,
review
systematically
summarizes
latest
advances
tailored
types,
processing
strategies,
energy‐related
applications
MOF‐derived
focuses
structure‐activity
relationship
metal‐free
carbon,
metal‐doped
metallide‐doped
carbon.
Particularly,
intrinsic
correlation
evolutionary
behavior
between
synergistic
interaction
micro/nanostructures
species
with
electrochemical
performances
emphasized.
Finally,
insights
perspectives
relevant
research
presented,
future
prospects
challenges
discussed,
providing
valuable
guidance
boost
high‐performance
electrodes
a
broader
range
application
fields.
Chemical Reviews,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 18, 2025
The
electrocatalytic
technique,
as
an
efficient
energy
storage
and
conversion
technology,
has
attracted
significant
attention
to
address
exhaustion
environmental
pollution.
Usually,
the
activity
selectivity
of
reactions
are
largely
dominated
by
dynamic
process
occurring
on
electrocatalysts.
Therefore,
high-performance
electrocatalysts,
which
can
dominate
pathway
barrier
reactions,
great
significance
for
advancement
technique.
Metal-organic
frameworks
(MOFs),
emerging
crystalline
porous
materials,
present
structural
component
advantages
including
well-defined
structure,
high
surface
area,
large
porosity,
diverse
components,
easy
tailorability,
demonstrating
fantastic
potential
precise
fabrication
In
this
Review,
strategies
in
electrocatalysts
based
MOF-related
materials
specifically
introduced
from
aspects
catalytic
site
design
microenvironment
modulation
around
sites.
Furthermore,
representative
progress
achieved
various
applications
employing
MOF-based
is
systematically
summarized,
with
special
emphasis
MOFs
performance
optimization.
Finally,
remaining
challenges
future
perspectives
further
highlighted.
Recently,
electrically
conductive
metal–organic
frameworks
(EC-MOFs)
have
emerged
as
a
wealthy
library
of
porous
with
unique
properties,
allowing
their
use
in
diverse
applications
energy
conversion,
including
electrocatalysis.
In
this
review,
the
electron
conduction
mechanisms
EC-MOFs
are
examined,
while
electrical
conductivities
considered.
There
been
various
strategies
to
enhance
MOFs
ligand
modification,
incorporation
conducting
materials,
and
construction
multidimensional
architectures.
With
sufficient
being
established
for
EC-MOFs,
there
extensive
pursuits
electrocatalysis
applications,
such
hydrogen
evolution
reaction,
oxygen
reduction
N2
CO2
reaction.
addition,
computational
modeling
also
exerts
an
important
impact
on
revealing
synthesis–structure–performance
relationships.
Finally,
prospects
current
challenges
discussed
provide
guidelines
designing
promising
framework
materials.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
32(4)
Опубликована: Окт. 15, 2021
Abstract
Ammonia
(NH
3
)
plays
a
vital
role
in
the
fertilizer
industry,
nitrogen‐containing
chemical
production,
and
hydrogen
storage.
The
development
of
electrocatalytic
photo(electro)catalytic
nitrogen
reduction
reaction
(NRR)
to
synthesize
NH
are
desirable,
which
more
environmentally
friendly
than
conventional
Haber–Bosch
process.
Due
strong
nonpolar
bonding
NN
bond,
discovery
efficient
catalysts
is
essential
overcome
high
kinetic
barrier.
Here,
bismuth‐based
materials
that
show
proven
activities
for
NRR
highlighted.
fundamental
knowledge,
including
thermodynamics,
mechanisms,
systems,
evaluation
aspects
NRR,
product
quantification,
introduced.
Together
with
scientific
reasoning
exhibited
activities,
strategies
improving
performance
discussed
detail.
Perspective
outlook,
as
well
opportunities
further
develop
synthesis,
provided.
This
review
aims
provide
comprehensive
understanding
advancement
this
field
serves
guide
future
design
highly
catalysts.
