Advanced Functional Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Ноя. 18, 2024
Abstract
A
key
factor
in
optimizing
organic
solar
cells
(OSCs)
is
the
precise
control
of
blend
film
morphology
to
enhance
exciton
dissociation
and
charge
transport.
Solid
additives
play
a
vital
role
this
process,
with
3D
polyhedral
or
spherical
molecules
being
ideal
candidates
due
their
delocalized
π‐orbitals
omnidirectional
However,
application
classical
fullerene
derivatives
as
limited
by
synthetic
complicacy
poor
solubility.
Herein,
potential
globally
aromatic
carboranyl
cages
solid
additives,
specifically
1‐amino‐
o
‐carborane
(CB‐NH
2
)
1‐carboxy‐
(CB‐COOH),
explored
fine‐tune
improve
performance
OSCs.
These
provide
an
extensive
surface
for
hydrogen
bonding
interactions,
which
serve
driving
force
manipulating
vertical
phase
separation
active
layer
crystallinity.
Remarkably,
CB‐NH
‐processed
devices
well‐tuned
yield
remarkable
power
conversion
efficiency
19.48%,
highlighting
effectiveness
on
improving
OSC
performance.
This
work
challenges
reliance
offers
new
insights
into
mechanisms
can
achieve
high
OSCs,
emphasizing
significance
molecular
engineering
development
next‐generation
cell
technology.
Advanced Energy Materials,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2025
Abstract
The
efficiency
of
organic
solar
cells
has
raised
drastically
in
the
past
years.
However,
there
is
an
undeniable
lack
hole
transport
layers
that
can
provide
high
carrier
selectivity,
low
defect
density,
and
processing
robustness,
simultaneously.
In
this
work,
issue
addressed
by
studying
generation
surface
passivation
nickel
oxide
(NiO
x
).
It
revealed
oxidation
state
species
on
NiO
lowers
contact
resistance
but
hinders
charge
extraction
when
employed
as
layer
cells.
By
using
them
coordination
centers,
a
straightforward
modification
strategy
implemented
(2‐(9H‐carbazol‐9‐yl)ethyl)phosphonic
acid
(2PACz)
enhances
increases
cell
from
11.46%
to
17.12%.
Additionally,
robustness
across
different
deposition
methods
carbazole
molecule
demonstrated.
Finally,
fine‐tuning
Fermi
level
various
carbazole‐based
molecules,
particular
with
((4‐(7H‐dibenzo[c,g]carbazol‐7‐yl)butyl)phosphonic
(4PADCB),
power
conversion
17.29%
achieved,
outstanding
combination
V
OC
0.888
fill
factor
80%.
Advanced Materials,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 12, 2025
Abstract
Volatile
solid
additives
(VSAs)
with
single
or
fused‐ring
structures
have
attracted
much
attention
for
enhancing
power
conversion
efficiencies
(PCEs)
of
organic
solar
cells
(OSCs).
While
the
working
mechanisms
high‐volatility
single‐ring
been
well
studied,
influence
low‐volatility
VSAs
on
molecular
aggregations
and
exciton/carrier
dynamics
remains
still
unclear.
Herein,
3,6‐dibromothieno[3,2‐b]thiophene
(3,6TTBr)
is
selected
as
a
representative
VSA
to
elucidate
its
mechanism.
Via
theoretical
experimental
joint
investigation,
it
found
that
rigid
planar
3,6TTBr
molecules
adsorb
onto
terminal
units
L8‐BO
(acceptor),
inducing
loose
space
adjacent
molecules.
The
thus
favors
center‐terminal
packing
larger
interfragment
distance,
which
relieves
over‐aggregation
induces
ordered
packing.
Consequently,
treatment
reduces
aggregation‐caused
quenching,
photoluminescence
quantum
yield
exciton
lifetime
film.
combination
above
properties
reduced
trap
density
improved
carrier
transport
in
3,6TTBr‐treated
devices
contributed
PCE
20.1%.
To
validate
broad
applicability
findings,
1,5‐dibromonaphthalene
(1,5‐BN),
another
solid,
explored.
1,5‐BN
achieved
an
impressive
20.5%,
verifying
validity
strategy
boosting
OSC
performances.
Solvent
additives
with
a
high
boiling
point
(BP)
and
low
vapor
pressure
(VP)
have
formed
key
handle
for
improving
the
performance
of
organic
solar
cells
(OSCs).
However,
it
is
not
always
clear
whether
they
remain
in
active-layer
film
after
deposition,
which
can
negatively
affect
reproducibility
stability
OSCs.
In
this
study,
an
easily
removable
solvent
additive
(4-chloro-2-fluoroiodobenzene
(CFIB))
BP
VP
introduced,
behaving
like
volatile
solid
that
be
completely
removed
during
device
fabrication
process.
In-depth
studies
CFIB
addition
into
D18-Cl
donor
N3
acceptor
validate
its
dominant
non-covalent
intermolecular
interactions
through
effective
electrostatic
interactions.
Such
phenomena
improve
charge
dynamics
kinetics
by
optimizing
morphology,
leading
to
enhanced
D18-Cl:N3-based
devices
power
conversion
efficiency
18.54%.
The
CFIB-treated
exhibits
exceptional
thermal
(T80
lifetime
=
120
h)
at
85
°C
compared
CFIB-free
device,
because
morphological
robustness
evolving
no
residual
film.
features
combination
advantages
(easy
application)
(high
volatility)
additives,
demonstrating
great
potential
use
commercial
mass
production
Advanced Energy Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(35)
Опубликована: Июль 16, 2024
Abstract
Developing
non‐halogenated
solvent‐processed
organic
solar
cells
(OSCs)
demands
precise
control
over
the
bulk‐heterojunction
(BHJ)
morphology
of
photoactive
layer.
However,
limited
solubility
halogen‐free
solvents
to
materials
hinders
microstructure
fine‐tuning
for
boosting
photovoltaic
performance.
This
study
not
only
examines
debated
intermolecular
interactions
between
DBrDIB
solid
additive
and
but
also
analyzes
substantial
influence
volatile
on
BHJ
morphological
properties.
The
effectively
restricts
excessive
aggregation
Y6‐BO
regulates
phase
separation,
which
is
attributed
strong
with
rapid
quenching
during
formation.
It
then
achieves
a
well‐mixed
D/A
favorable
domain
size,
resulting
in
balanced
dispersion
D/A,
ultimately
leading
markedly
enhanced
charge
transfer
transport
as
well
suppressed
recombination.
transformative
use
o
‐xylene/DBrDIB
solvent
system
propels
PM6:Y6‐BO
PM6:Y6‐HU
OSCs
impressive
efficiencies
17.9%
19.1%,
respectively,
outperforming
those
devices.
These
findings
provide
crucial
insights
into
theoretical
experimental
areas,
offering
actionable
guidelines
designing
high‐performance
processed
from
solvent.
Advanced Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Окт. 22, 2024
Abstract
Solution‐processed
bulk
heterojunction
(BHJ)
organic
solar
cells
(OSCs)
have
emerged
as
a
promising
next‐generation
photovoltaic
technology.
In
this
emerging
field,
there
is
growing
trend
of
employing
solid
additives
(SAs)
to
fine‐tune
the
BHJ
morphology
and
unlock
full
potential
OSCs.
SA
engineering
offers
several
significant
benefits
for
commercialization,
including
ability
i)
control
film‐forming
kinetics
expedite
high‐throughput
fabrication,
ii)
leverage
weak
noncovalent
interactions
between
materials
enhance
efficiency
stability
OSCs,
iii)
simplify
procedures
facilitate
cost‐effective
production
scaling‐up.
These
features
make
key
catalyst
accelerating
development
Recent
breakthroughs
shown
that
can
achieve
an
19.67%
in
single‐junction
demonstrating
its
effectiveness
promoting
commercialization
devices.
This
review
provides
comprehensive
overview
pivotal
contributions
SAs,
focusing
on
their
roles
governing
dynamics,
stabilizing
phase
separation,
addressing
other
crucial
aspects.
The
rationale
design
rules
SAs
highly
efficient
stable
OSCs
are
also
discussed.
Finally,
remaining
challenges
summarized,
perspectives
future
advances
offered.
Abstract
Volatile
solid
additives
have
attracted
increasing
attention
in
optimizing
the
morphology
and
improving
performance
of
currently
dominated
non‐fullerene
acceptor‐based
organic
solar
cells
(OSCs).
However,
underlying
principles
governing
rational
design
volatile
remain
elusive.
Herein,
a
series
efficient
are
successfully
developed
by
crossbreeding
effect
chalcogenation
iodination
for
photovoltaic
performances
OSCs.
Five
benzene
derivatives
1,4‐dimethoxybenzene
(DOB),
1‐iodo‐4‐methoxybenzene
(OIB),
1‐iodo‐4‐methylthiobenzene
(SIB),
1,4‐dimethylthiobenzene
(DSB)
1,4‐diiodobenzene
(DIB)
systematically
studied,
where
widely
used
DIB
is
as
reference.
The
on
overall
property
comprehensively
investigated,
which
indicates
that
versatile
functional
groups
provided
various
types
noncovalent
interactions
with
host
materials
modulating
morphology.
Among
them,
SIB
combination
sulphuration
enabled
more
appropriate
blend,
giving
rise
to
highly
ordered
molecular
packing
favorable
As
result,
binary
OSCs
based
PM6:L8‐BO
PBTz‐F:L8‐BO
well
ternary
PBTz‐F:PM6:L8‐BO
achieved
impressive
high
PCEs
18.87%,
18.81%
19.68%,
respectively,
among
highest
values
Abstract
Volatile
solid
additives
have
emerged
as
a
promising
strategy
for
enhancing
film
morphology
and
promoting
the
power
conversion
efficiency
(PCE)
of
organic
solar
cells
(OSCs).
Herein,
series
novel
polycyclic
aromatic
with
analogous
chemical
structures,
including
fluorene
(FL),
dibenzothiophene
(DBT),
dibenzofuran
(DBF)
derived
from
crude
oils,
are
presented
incorporated
into
OSCs.
All
these
exhibit
strong
interactions
electron‐deficient
terminal
groups
L8‐BO
within
bulk‐heterojunction
Moreover,
they
demonstrate
significant
sublimation
during
thermal
annealing,
leading
to
increase
free
volumes
rearrangement
recrystallization
L8‐BO.
This
phenomenon
leads
an
improved
elevated
glass‐transition
temperature
photoactive
layers.
Consequently,
PCE
PM6:L8‐BO
blend
has
been
boosted
16.60%
18.60%
40
wt%
DBF
additives,
champion
19.11%
achieved
ternary
PM6:L8‐BO:BTP‐eC9
Furthermore,
prolonged
shelf
stability
observed
in
OSCs
additives.
study
emphasizes
synergic
effect
volatile
on
performance
OSCs,
highlighting
their
potential
advancing
field
photovoltaics.
