Abstract
3D
hierarchical
superstructures
(3DHSs)
are
key
products
of
nature's
evolution
and
have
raised
wide
interest.
However,
the
preparation
3DHSs
composed
building
blocks
with
different
structures
is
rarely
reported,
regulating
their
structural
parameters
challenging.
Herein,
a
simple
lecithin‐mediated
biomineralization
approach
reported
for
first
time
to
prepare
gold
0D
nucleus
1D
protruding
dendritic
spikes.
It
demonstrated
that
hydrophobic
complex
by
coordination
disulfiram
(DSF)
share
chloroauric
acid
forming
3DHSs.
Under
lecithin
mediation,
reduced
form
nucleus,
followed
spike
growth
through
reduction
complex.
The
prepared
possess
well‐defined
morphology
length
≈95
nm.
Notably,
density
systematically
manipulated
from
38.9%
74.3%
controlling
DSF
concentrations.
Moreover,
diameter
regulated
9.2
12.9
nm
selecting
concentrations
tune
process.
Finite‐difference
time‐domain
(FDTD)
simulations
reveal
spikes
“hot
spots”.
dense
structure
endows
sound
performance
in
surface‐enhanced
Raman
scattering
(SERS)
applications.
Abstract
The
severe
quality
of
life
and
economic
burden
imposed
by
non‐healing
skin
wounds,
infection
risks,
treatment
costs
are
affecting
millions
patients
worldwide.
To
mitigate
these
challenges,
scientists
relentlessly
seeking
effective
measures.
In
recent
years,
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
have
emerged
as
a
promising
cell‐free
therapy
strategy,
attracting
extensive
attention
from
researchers.
EVs
mediate
intercellular
communication,
possessing
excellent
biocompatibility
stability.
These
features
make
potential
tool
for
treating
plethora
diseases,
including
those
related
to
wound
repair.
However,
there
is
growing
focus
on
the
engineering
overcome
inherent
limitations
such
low
production,
relatively
fixed
content,
targeting
capabilities
natural
EVs.
This
could
improve
both
effectiveness
specificity
in
repair
treatments.
light
this,
present
review
will
introduce
latest
progress
design
methods
experimental
paradigms
engineered
applied
Furthermore,
it
comprehensively
analyze
current
clinical
research
status
prospects
within
this
field.
ABSTRACT
Recent
advancements
in
hydrogel‐based
flexible
materials
have
revolutionized
wound
healing
and
monitoring
strategies.
These
offer
promising
solutions
for
medical
treatment
real‐time
diagnostics.
Their
rich
water
content,
biocompatibility,
tunable
properties
closely
mimic
the
natural
extracellular
matrix,
supporting
regeneration.
Unlike
traditional
materials,
systems
address
critical
issues
such
as
material
stability
toxicity
while
integrating
advanced
devices.
This
review
highlights
latest
innovations
materials.
It
focuses
on
flexibility,
potential
integration
with
smart
systems.
The
covers
design
principles
fabrication
techniques
nanofibers,
elastomers,
conducting
polymers.
also
discusses
development
of
electronic
skin
innovative
dressings.
In
addition,
explains
how
sensing
capabilities,
stimuli‐responsive
functions,
antibacterial
agents
are
incorporated
into
these
Finally,
article
examines
challenges
future
directions
field.
emphasizes
transformative
multifunctional
improving
continuous
monitoring.
Advanced Therapeutics,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
7(4)
Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2024
Abstract
Stem
cell‐derived
small
extracellular
vesicles
(sEVs)
have
shown
tremendous
potential
in
regenerative
medicine
recent
years.
These
sEVs
exert
multiple
therapeutic
effects
comparable
or
superior
to
their
parental
stem
cells
while
avoiding
the
limitations
of
cell‐based
therapy.
The
two
routine
modalities
sEV
administration
are
systemic
injection
and
local
delivery.
Various
biomaterials
developed
assist
delivery
improve
targeting
organs,
minimize
nonspecific
accumulation
vital
ensure
protection
release
sEVs.
This
comprehensive,
up‐to‐date,
specialty‐specific,
disease‐oriented,
preclinical
review
is
presented
expound
on
surgical
application
sEVscan
treat
numerous
diseases
encountered
orthopedic
surgery,
neurosurgery,
plastic
cardiothoracic
general
urology,
otorhinolaryngology,
ophthalmology,
obstetrics
gynecology,
dental
surgery.
In
addition,
utilized
encompass
a
wide
range
sources
(e.g.,
natural,
synthetic,
hybrid
polymers),
format
scaffold,
patch,
spray,
microneedle),
responsiveness
temperature,
pH,
protein),
which
enables
customized
therapy
tailored
specific
diseases.
demonstrates
biomaterial‐facilitated
as
viable
alternative
even
option
3D
superstructures
(3DSs)
have
attracted
increasing
interest
because
of
the
collective
synergistic
effects
individual
building
units,
but
their
customization
relies
on
tedious
multistep
strategy
or
high‐end
nanofabrication
technology.
Herein,
for
first
time,
a
facile
block
copolymer
micelle‐mediated
anisotropic
growth
approach
is
reported
to
fabricate
gold
3DSs
consisting
tunable
and
intersecting
lamellae
with
sawtooth‐like
edges.
The
preparation
depends
mediation
reduction
kinetics
precursors
adsorption
micelles
crystal
surfaces
using
disulfiram
as
ligands.
thickness
in
controllable
from
≈21
102
nm
by
adjusting
weight
fraction
micellar
hydrophobicity
blocks
composed
lamellar
number
regulated
≈3
≈30.
Additional
morphologies,
such
dendritic
mesoporous
structure
meatball‐like
shapes,
are
obtained
through
controlling
extent
micelle
swelling.
Finite‐difference
time‐domain
simulations
demonstrate
that
unique
edges
form
abundant
hotspots
giving
rise
surface‐enhanced
Raman
scattering
(SERS).
exhibit
strong
electromagnetic
field
enhancement
excellent
performance
SERS
substrates
detecting
4‐mercaptobenzoic
acid.
